瞠

瞠 U+77A0, 瞠 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-77A0 ← 瞟 [U+779F] CJK Unified Ideographs 瞡 → [U+77A1]

Translingual

Han character

瞠 (Kangxi radical 109, 目+11, 16 strokes, cangjie input 月山火月土 (BUFBG), four-corner 6901₄, composition ⿰目堂)

1. look at
2. stare at
3. gaze at

References

• KangXi: page 816, character 11
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 23651
• Dae Jaweon: page 1229, character 7
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2510, character 7
• Unihan data for U+77A0

Chinese

simp. and trad.		瞠
alternative forms		䁎

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (尚) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
當	*taːŋ, *taːŋs
襠	*taːŋ
鐺	*taːŋ, *sʰraːŋ
簹	*taːŋ
璫	*taːŋ
檔	*taːŋ, *taːŋs
儅	*taːŋ, *taːŋs
蟷	*taːŋ
擋	*taːŋʔ, *taːŋs
黨	*taːŋʔ, *tʰaːŋʔ
讜	*taːŋʔ
欓	*taːŋʔ
譡	*taːŋs
闣	*taːŋs
瓽	*taːŋs
鏜	*tʰaːŋ
闛	*tʰaːŋ, *daːŋ
鼞	*tʰaːŋ
曭	*tʰaːŋʔ
儻	*tʰaːŋʔ, *tʰaːŋs
戃	*tʰaːŋʔ
矘	*tʰaːŋʔ
爣	*tʰaːŋʔ
攩	*hl'aːŋʔ, *ɦʷlaːŋʔ, *ɦʷlaːŋs
淌	*tʰaːŋʔ
倘	*tʰaːŋʔ
躺	*tʰaːŋʔ
趟	*tʰaːŋs, *rtaːŋ, *rtaːŋs
堂	*daːŋ
坣	*daːŋ
棠	*daːŋ
糛	*daːŋ
螳	*daːŋ
隚	*daːŋ
橖	*daːŋ
掌	*tjaŋʔ
廠	*tʰjaŋʔ, *tʰjaŋs
敞	*tʰjaŋʔ
僘	*tʰjaŋʔ
氅	*tʰjaŋʔ
常	*djaŋ
嘗	*djaŋ
裳	*djaŋ
徜	*djaŋ
尚	*djaŋ, *djaŋs
甞	*djaŋ
鋿	*djaŋ
嫦	*djaŋ
償	*djaŋ, *djaŋs
賞	*hjaŋʔ
瞠	*rtʰaːŋ
撐	*rtʰaːŋ
樘	*rtʰaːŋ
橕	*rtʰaːŋ
牚	*rtʰaːŋs
埫	*tʰoŋʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *rtʰaːŋ): semantic 目 + phonetic 堂 (OC *daːŋ).

Etymology

Also occurs in Thai ถลึง (tlʉ̌ng, “to stare fiercely”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): chēng, zhèng (cheng¹, zheng⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄔㄥ, ㄓㄥˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): caang¹, zaang¹, tong⁴
• Min Nan (POJ): theng / thiⁿ / theⁿ

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: chēng
    • Zhuyin: ㄔㄥ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: cheng
    • Wade–Giles: chʻêng¹
    • Yale: chēng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: cheng
    • Palladius: чэн (čɛn)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ⁵⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zhèng
    • Zhuyin: ㄓㄥˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jhèng
    • Wade–Giles: chêng⁴
    • Yale: jèng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jenq
    • Palladius: чжэн (čžɛn)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: caang¹, zaang¹, tong⁴
    • Yale: chāang, jāang, tòhng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsaang¹, dzaang¹, tong⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: cang¹, zang¹, tong⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰaːŋ⁵⁵/, /t͡saːŋ⁵⁵/, /tʰɔːŋ²¹/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: theng
    • Tâi-lô: thing
    • Phofsit Daibuun: tefng
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /tʰiɪŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰiɪŋ³³/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thiⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: thinn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: tvy
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰĩ³³/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /tʰĩ⁴⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: theⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: thenn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: tvef
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰɛ̃⁴⁴/

Note:

• theng - literary;
• thiⁿ/theⁿ - vernacular.

---

• Middle Chinese: /ʈʰˠæŋ/

Rime
Character	瞠
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	徹 (10)
Final (韻)	庚 (109)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	丑庚切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʈʰˠæŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/ʈʰᵚaŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/ȶʰaŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʈʰaɨjŋ/
Li Rong	/ȶʰɐŋ/
Wang Li	/ȶʰɐŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȶʰɐŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	chēng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	cang1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*tʰˤraŋ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*rtʰaːŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	瞠
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	chēng
Middle Chinese	‹ trhæng ›
Old Chinese	/*tʰˁraŋ/
English	stare
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	瞠
Reading #	1/1
No.	11166
Phonetic component	尚
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	瞠
Old Chinese	/*rtʰaːŋ/

Definitions

瞠

1. to stare at; to gaze at; to glare at

Compounds

• 目瞠口哆
• 瞠目 (chēngmù)
• 瞠乎其後／瞠乎其后 (chēnghūqíhòu)

• 瞠乎後矣／瞠乎后矣
• 瞠目結舌／瞠目结舌 (chēngmùjiéshé)

• 瞠目而視／瞠目而视
• 瞠視／瞠视

Japanese

Kanji

瞠

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. stare intently

Readings

• Go-on: ちょう (chō)
• Kan-on: とう (tō)
• Kan’yō-on: どう (dō)
• Kun: みはる (miharu, 瞠る)

Korean

Hanja

瞠 • (dang, cheong) (hangeul 당, 청, revised dang, cheong, McCune–Reischauer tang, ch'ŏng, Yale tang, cheng)

1. look at
2. stare at
3. gaze at

Vietnamese

Han character

瞠: Hán Nôm readings: xanh

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Nom Foundation