穀雨

See also: 谷雨

Chinese

		grain; corn	rain
trad. (穀雨)		穀	雨
simp. (谷雨)		谷	雨

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): Gǔyǔ

  (Zhuyin): ㄍㄨˇ ㄩˇ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): Gu² yu³

• Cantonese (Jyutping): guk¹ jyu⁵
• Gan (Wiktionary): 'guh⁶ y³
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): Kuk-yí

  (Meixian, Guangdong): gug⁵ yi³

• Jin (Wiktionary): gueh⁴ y²
• Northern Min (KCR): Gŭ-ṳ̀
• Eastern Min (BUC): Gók^→Gúk-ṳ̄
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): Kok-ú / Kok-í

  (Teochew, Peng'im): gog⁴ u²

• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ⁷koq-yu
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): gu⁶ y³

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: Gǔyǔ [Phonetic: gúyǔ]
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄨˇ ㄩˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: Gǔyǔ
    • Wade–Giles: Ku³-yü³
    • Yale: Gǔ-yǔ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Guuyeu
    • Palladius: Гуюй (Gujuj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ku²¹⁴⁻³⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: Gu² yu³
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: Guy
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ku²¹ y⁵³/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: guk¹ jyu⁵
    • Yale: gūk yúh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: guk⁷ jy⁵
    • Guangdong Romanization: gug¹ yu⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʊk̚⁵ jyː¹³/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: 'guh⁶ y³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˈkuʔ⁵ y²¹³/
• Hakka
  • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Kuk-yí
    • Hakka Romanization System: gug` i`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: gug⁵ yi³
    • Sinological IPA: /kuk̚² i³¹/
  • (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Kuk-yí
    • Hakka Romanization System: gug` (r)i`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: gug⁵ yi³
    • Sinological IPA: /kuk̚² (j)i³¹/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: gug⁵ yi³
    • Sinological IPA: /kʊk̚¹ i³¹/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: gueh⁴ y²
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /kuəʔ²⁻⁴⁵ y⁵³/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: Gŭ-ṳ̀
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ku²⁴ y⁴²/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: Gók^→Gúk-ṳ̄
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kuʔ²⁴⁻³⁵ y³³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Kok-ú
    • Tâi-lô: Kok-ú
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kok'uo
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ u⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /kɔk̚³²⁻⁴ u⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kɔk̚³²⁻⁴ u⁴¹/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Kok-í
    • Tâi-lô: Kok-í
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kok'ie
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kɔk̚³²⁻⁵ i⁵³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: gog⁴ u²
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kok ú
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kok̚²⁻⁴ u⁵²⁻²¹/
• Wu
  • (Shanghai):
    • Wugniu: ⁷koq-yu
    • MiniDict: koh^入 yu
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ⁴koq-hhy
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /koʔ³³ ɦy⁴⁴/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: gu⁶ y³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ku²⁴ y⁴¹/

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• Middle Chinese: kuwk hjuX

Rime
Character	穀	雨
Reading #	1/1	1/2
Initial (聲)	見 (28)	云 (35)
Final (韻)	東 (3)	虞 (24)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	I	III
Fanqie	古禄切	王矩切
Baxter	kuwk	hjuX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kuk̚/	/ɦɨoX/
Pan Wuyun	/kuk̚/	/ɦioX/
Shao Rongfen	/kuk̚/	/ɣioX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kəwk̚/	/ɦuə̆X/
Li Rong	/kuk̚/	/ɣioX/
Wang Li	/kuk̚/	/ɣĭuX/
Bernard Karlgren	/kuk̚/	/i̯uX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	gu	yǔ
Expected Cantonese Reflex	guk1	jyu5

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]ˤok  C.ɢʷ(r)aʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*kloːɡ  ɢʷaʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	穀	雨
Reading #	1/1	1/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	gǔ	yǔ
Middle Chinese	‹ kuwk ›	‹ hjuX ›
Old Chinese	/*[k]ˁok/	/*C.ɢʷ(r)aʔ/
English	grain	rain
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	穀	雨
Reading #	1/1	1/2
No.	7423	15952
Phonetic component	殻	雨
Rime group	屋	魚
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	穀	羽
Old Chinese	/*kloːɡ/	/*ɢʷaʔ/

Proper noun

穀雨

1. Guyu (one of the solar terms)

Derived terms

• 清明穀雨，寒死虎母／清明谷雨，寒死虎母

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (穀雨):

• → Japanese: 穀雨(こくう) (kokuu)
• → Korean: 곡우(穀雨) (gogu)

See also

• 二十四節氣／二十四节气 (Èrshísì Jiéqì, “The twenty-four solar terms”):
  • Spring: 立春 (Lìchūn)、雨水 (yǔshuǐ)、驚蟄／惊蛰 (Jīngzhé)、春分 (Chūnfēn)、清明 (qīngmíng)、穀雨／谷雨 (Gǔyǔ)
  • Summer: 立夏 (Lìxià)、小滿／小满 (Xiǎomǎn)、芒種／芒种 (mángzhòng)、夏至 (xiàzhì)、小暑 (Xiǎoshǔ)、大暑 (Dàshǔ)
  • Autumn: 立秋 (Lìqiū)、處暑／处暑 (Chǔshǔ)、白露 (báilù)、秋分 (Qiūfēn)、寒露 (Hánlù)、霜降 (Shuāngjiàng)
  • Winter: 立冬 (Lìdōng)、小雪 (xiǎoxuě)、大雪 (dàxuě)、冬至 (dōngzhì)、小寒 (Xiǎohán)、大寒 (Dàhán)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
穀	雨
こく Grade: 6	う Grade: 1
on’yomi

Alternative spelling
穀雨 (kyūjitai)

Etymology

Orthographic borrowing from Middle Chinese 穀雨 (MC kuwk hjuX).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) こ​くう [kóꜜkùù] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [ko̞kɯ̟ᵝɯ̟ᵝ]

Proper noun

穀(こく)雨(う) • (Kokuu) 

1. the sixth solar term

See also

• 二(に)十(じゅう)四(し)節(せっ)気(き) (Nijūshi Sekki, “The twenty-four solar terms”):
  • Spring: 立(りっ)春(しゅん) (Risshun), 雨(う)水(すい) (Usui), 啓(けい)蟄(ちつ) (Keichitsu), 春(しゅん)分(ぶん) (Shunbun), 清(せい)明(めい) (Seimei), 穀(こく)雨(う) (Kokuu)
  • Summer: 立(りっ)夏(か) (Rikka), 小(しょう)満(まん) (Shōman), 芒(ぼう)種(しゅ) (Bōshu), 夏(げ)至(し) (Geshi), 小(しょう)暑(しょ) (Shōsho), 大(たい)暑(しょ) (Taisho)
  • Autumn: 立(りっ)秋(しゅう) (Risshū), 処(しょ)暑(しょ) (Shosho), 白(はく)露(ろ) (Hakuro), 秋(しゅう)分(ぶん) (Shūbun), 寒(かん)露(ろ) (Kanro), 霜(そう)降(こう) (Sōkō)
  • Winter: 立(りっ)冬(とう) (Rittō), 小(しょう)雪(せつ) (Shōsetsu), 大雪(たいせつ) (Taisetsu), 冬(とう)至(じ) (Tōji), 小(しょう)寒(かん) (Shōkan), 大寒(だいかん) (Daikan)

Korean

Hanja in this term
穀	雨

Noun

穀雨 • (gogu) (hangeul 곡우)

1. Hanja form^? of 곡우.

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
穀	雨

Proper noun

穀雨

1. chữ Hán form of Cốc vũ (“lit. "grain rain"; one of the solar terms”).