空想
Chinese edit
emptied; leisure; air emptied; leisure; air; sky; empty; in vain |
to think; to believe; to suppose to think; to believe; to suppose; to wish; to want; to miss | ||
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trad. (空想) | 空 | 想 | |
simp. #(空想) | 空 | 想 |
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
空想
Synonyms edit
Verb edit
空想
Synonyms edit
Adjective edit
空想
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
Japanese edit
Kanji in this term | |
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空 | 想 |
くう Grade: 1 |
そう Grade: 3 |
goon |
Etymology edit
Ultimately from Middle Chinese 空想 (kʰuŋ sɨɐŋX, literally “fictional, fabricated + think, thought”).
The sense of fantasy is first cited in Japanese to 1886,[1] and probably reflects a Rangaku and Meiji era style of repurposing older terminology to translate unfamiliar Western concepts.
The Buddhist sense is older, and was borrowed into Japanese along with various Chinese Buddhist texts. This term is included in the 摩訶止観 (Maka Shikan), better known in English by its Chinese pronunciation, the Mohe Zhiguan, completed some time in the early 600s.[1]
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
- [from 1886] fantasy, daydream; something imagined
- [from 600s] (Buddhism) thought that exhibits attachment to sunyata
Derived terms edit
Verb edit
空想する • (kūsō suru) ←くうさう (kuusau)?suru (stem 空想し (kūsō shi), past 空想した (kūsō shita))
- [from 1886] to fantasize
- [from 600s] (Buddhism) to think in a way that exhibits attachment to sunyata
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of "空想する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
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Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 空想し | くうそうし | kūsō shi | |
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 空想し | くうそうし | kūsō shi | |
Shūshikei ("terminal") | 空想する | くうそうする | kūsō suru | |
Rentaikei ("attributive") | 空想する | くうそうする | kūsō suru | |
Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 空想すれ | くうそうすれ | kūsō sure | |
Meireikei ("imperative") | 空想せよ¹ 空想しろ² |
くうそうせよ¹ くうそうしろ² |
kūsō seyo¹ kūsō shiro² | |
Key constructions | ||||
Passive | 空想される | くうそうされる | kūsō sareru | |
Causative | 空想させる 空想さす |
くうそうさせる くうそうさす |
kūsō saseru kūsō sasu | |
Potential | 空想できる | くうそうできる | kūsō dekiru | |
Volitional | 空想しよう | くうそうしよう | kūsō shiyō | |
Negative | 空想しない | くうそうしない | kūsō shinai | |
Negative continuative | 空想せず | くうそうせず | kūsō sezu | |
Formal | 空想します | くうそうします | kūsō shimasu | |
Perfective | 空想した | くうそうした | kūsō shita | |
Conjunctive | 空想して | くうそうして | kūsō shite | |
Hypothetical conditional | 空想すれば | くうそうすれば | kūsō sureba | |
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative |
References edit
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 “空想”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.
Korean edit
Hanja in this term | |
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空 | 想 |
Noun edit
Vietnamese edit
chữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
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空 | 想 |
Adjective edit
空想
- chữ Hán form of không tưởng (“unrealistic; utopian”).