肉醬

Chinese

FWOTD – 11 July 2020

		meat; flesh	jam; thick sauce
trad. (肉醬)		肉	醬
simp. (肉酱)		肉	酱

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): ròujiàng

  (Zhuyin): ㄖㄡˋ ㄐㄧㄤˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): juk⁶ zoeng³

• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): bah-chiùⁿ

  (Teochew, Peng'im): nêg⁴ ziên³

• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ⁸gnioq-cian

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: ròujiàng
    • Zhuyin: ㄖㄡˋ ㄐㄧㄤˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: ròujiàng
    • Wade–Giles: jou⁴-chiang⁴
    • Yale: ròu-jyàng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: rowjianq
    • Palladius: жоуцзян (žouczjan)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʐoʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: juk⁶ zoeng³
    • Yale: yuhk jeung
    • Cantonese Pinyin: juk⁹ dzoeng³
    • Guangdong Romanization: yug⁶ zêng³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jʊk̚² t͡sœːŋ³³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bah-chiùⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: bah-tsiùnn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: bahcviux
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /ba(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ t͡siũ²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /ba(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ t͡siũ¹¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: nêg⁴ ziên³
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: nek tsièⁿ
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nek̚²⁻⁴ t͡sĩẽ²¹³/
• Wu
  • (Shanghai):
    • Wugniu: ⁸gnioq-cian
    • MiniDict: nyoh^入 cian
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ⁵nyioq-jian
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /n̠ʲioʔ¹¹ t͡ɕiã²³/

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• Middle Chinese: nyuwk tsjangH

Rime
Character	肉	醬
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	日 (38)	精 (13)
Final (韻)	東 (4)	陽 (105)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	如六切	子亮切
Baxter	nyuwk	tsjangH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ȵɨuk̚/	/t͡sɨɐŋH/
Pan Wuyun	/ȵiuk̚/	/t͡siɐŋH/
Shao Rongfen	/ȵʑiuk̚/	/t͡siɑŋH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ȵuwk̚/	/t͡sɨaŋH/
Li Rong	/ȵiuk̚/	/t͡siaŋH/
Wang Li	/ȵʑĭuk̚/	/t͡sĭaŋH/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȵʑi̯uk̚/	/t͡si̯aŋH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	rù	jiàng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	juk6	zoeng3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*k.nuk  [ts]aŋ-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*njuɡ  ʔsaŋs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	肉	醬
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	ròu	jiàng
Middle Chinese	‹ nyuwk ›	‹ tsjangH ›
Old Chinese	/*k.nuk/	/*[ts]aŋ-s/
English	meat, flesh	sauce
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	肉	醬
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	10866	10295
Phonetic component	肉	爿
Rime group	覺	陽
Rime subdivision	1	0
Corresponding MC rime	肉	醬
Old Chinese	/*njuɡ/	/*ʔsaŋs/

Noun

肉醬

1. meat paste; meat pâté; minced meat
2. bolognese sauce
3. (figurative) mincemeat; cut-up body
   • 1883, Adele Marion Fielde, “剁 (tok)”, in A Pronouncing and Defining Dictionary of the Swatow Dialect, Arranged According to Syllables and Tones, Shanghai: American Presbyterian Mission Press, page 557:

     伊給眾人剁做肉醬 [Teochew, trad.]
     伊给众人剁做肉酱 [Teochew, simp.]

     i¹ keg⁴ zêng³ nang⁵ dog⁴ zo³ nêg⁴ ziên³ [Peng'im]

     he was hacked into mince-meat by the populace

Synonyms

• (meat paste): 肉糜 (ròumí)

Derived terms

• 肉醬意粉／肉酱意粉 (ròujiàng yìfěn)
• 肉醬意麵／肉酱意面