亮
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See also: 𠅙
Contents
TranslingualEdit
| Stroke order | |||
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Han characterEdit
亮 (radical 8 亠+7, 9 strokes, cangjie input 卜口月山 (YRBU), four-corner 00217, composition ⿱⿳亠口冖几(GV) or ⿱⿳亠口冖儿(HTJK))
ReferencesEdit
- KangXi: page 89, character 4
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 304
- Dae Jaweon: page 188, character 10
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 286, character 3
- Unihan data for U+4EAE
ChineseEdit
| simp. and trad. |
亮 | |
|---|---|---|
| alt. forms | 𠅙 | |
Glyph originEdit
| Historical forms of the character 亮 | ||||||||||||||
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References:
Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
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Ideogrammic compound (會意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *raŋs): semantic 人 (“person”) + phonetic 京 (OC *kraŋ, “building; tower”).
PronunciationEdit
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): loeng6
- Gan (Wiktionary): liong5
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): liong
- Jin (Wiktionary): lion3
- Min Nan (POJ): liōng / liāng
- Wu (Wiktionary): lian (T3)
- Xiang (Wiktionary): lian5
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄤˋ
- Wade-Giles: liang4
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lianq
- IPA (key): /li̯ɑŋ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: loeng6
- Yale: leuhng
- Cantonese Pinyin: loeng6
- Guangdong Romanization: lêng6
- IPA (key): /lœːŋ²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: liong5
- IPA (key): /liɔŋ¹¹/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: liong
- Hakka Romanization System: liong
- Hagfa Pinyim: liong4
- IPA: /li̯oŋ⁵⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: lion3
- IPA (old-style): /liɒ̃⁴⁵/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Min Nan
Note:
- Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taiwan:
- liōng - literary;
- liāng - vernacular.
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: lian (T3)
- IPA (key): /liã²³/
- (Shanghainese)
- Xiang
- (Changsha)
- Wiktionary: lian5
- IPA (key): /liæn²¹/
- (Changsha)
-
Dialectal data▼
| Variety | Location | 亮 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /liɑŋ⁵¹/ |
| Harbin | /liaŋ⁵³/ | |
| Tianjin | /liɑŋ⁵³/ | |
| Jinan | /liaŋ²¹/ | |
| Qingdao | /liaŋ⁴²/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /liaŋ³¹²/ | |
| Xi'an | /liaŋ⁴⁴/ | |
| Xining | /liɔ̃²¹³/ | |
| Yinchuan | /liɑŋ¹³/ | |
| Lanzhou | /liɑ̃¹³/ | |
| Ürümqi | /liɑŋ²¹³/ | |
| Wuhan | /niaŋ³⁵/ | |
| Chengdu | /niaŋ¹³/ | |
| Guiyang | /niaŋ²¹³/ | |
| Kunming | /liã̠²¹²/ | |
| Nanjing | /liaŋ⁴⁴/ | |
| Hefei | /liɑ̃⁵³/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /liɒ̃⁴⁵/ |
| Pingyao | /liɑŋ³⁵/ /luə³⁵/ |
|
| Hohhot | /liɑ̃⁵⁵/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /liã²³/ |
| Suzhou | /liã³¹/ | |
| Hangzhou | /liɑŋ¹³/ | |
| Wenzhou | /li²²/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /lia²²/ |
| Tunxi | /liau¹¹/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /lian⁵⁵/ /lian¹¹/ |
| Xiangtan | /nian²¹/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /liɔŋ²¹/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /lioŋ⁵³/ |
| Taoyuan | /lioŋ⁵⁵/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /lœŋ²²/ |
| Nanning | /lœŋ²²/ | |
| Hong Kong | /lœŋ²²/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Min Nan) | /liɔŋ²²/ |
| Fuzhou (Min Dong) | /luɔŋ²⁴²/ | |
| Jian'ou (Min Bei) | /liɔŋ⁴⁴/ | |
| Shantou (Min Nan) | /liaŋ³⁵/ | |
| Haikou (Min Nan) | /liaŋ³⁵/ |
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 亮 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 來 (37) |
| Final (韻) | 陽 (105) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 力讓切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/lɨɐŋH/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/liɐŋH/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/liɑŋH/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/lɨaŋH/ |
| Li Rong |
/liaŋH/ |
| Wang Li |
/lĭaŋH/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/li̯aŋH/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
liàng |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 亮 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
liàng |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ ljangH › |
| Old Chinese |
/*[r]aŋ-s/ |
| English | brightness |
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Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; |
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| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 亮 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 8062 |
| Phonetic component |
亮 |
| Rime group |
陽 |
| Rime subdivision |
0 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
亮 |
| Old Chinese |
/*raŋs/ |
DefinitionsEdit
亮
- bright; brilliant; radiant
- loud and clear
- (dialectal Mandarin, dialectal Wu, Xiang) lamp; light
- to shine; to illuminate
- to make one's voice loud and clear; to raise one's voice
- to reveal; to disclose
SynonymsEdit
| Dialectal synonyms of 亮 (“bright”) [map] | ||
|---|---|---|
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 亮 | |
| Mandarin | Beijing | 亮 |
| Taiwan | 亮 | |
| Jinan | 亮 | |
| Xi'an | 亮 | |
| Wuhan | 亮、光 | |
| Chengdu | 亮 | |
| Yangzhou | 亮 | |
| Hefei | 亮 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 光 |
| Hong Kong | 光 | |
| Yangjiang | 光 | |
| Hakka | Meixian | 光 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 亮 |
| Min Bei | Jian'ou | 光 |
| Min Dong | Fuzhou | 光 |
| Min Nan | Xiamen | 光 |
| Chaozhou | 光 | |
| Wu | Suzhou | 亮 |
| Wenzhou | 光 | |
| Xiang | Changsha | 亮、光 |
| Shuangfeng | 亮、光 | |
CompoundsEdit
Derived terms from 亮
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JapaneseEdit
KanjiEdit
亮
(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)
ReadingsEdit
- Goon: ろう (rō), (historical) らう (rau)
- Kan’on: りょう (ryō), (historical) りやう (ryau)
- Kun: あきらか (akiraka), すけ (suke)
- Nanori: あき (aki), あきら (akira), きょう (kyō), たすく (tasuku), ふさ (fusa), まこと (makoto), よし (yoshi)
CompoundsEdit
- 亮月 (ryōgetsu): bright moonlight
- 亮察 (ryōsatsu): consideration
- 亮然 (ryōzen): clear, obvious
- 亮直 (ryōchoku): rightfulness
- 明亮 (meiryō): clarity
ReferencesEdit
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- Source: EDICT and KANJIDIC files licensed by the Electronic Dictionaries Research Group.
Proper nounEdit
亮 (hiragana りょう, rōmaji Ryō, historical hiragana りやう)
- A male given name
亮 (hiragana あきら, rōmaji Akira)
- A male given name
KoreanEdit
HanjaEdit
亮 • (ryang) (hangeul 량, revised ryang, McCune-Reischauer ryang)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.