See also: 荡荡

Chinese

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a pond; pool; wash
a pond; pool; wash; squander; sweep away; move; shake; dissolute
 
a pond; pool; wash
a pond; pool; wash; squander; sweep away; move; shake; dissolute
 
trad. (蕩蕩/盪盪) / /
simp. (荡荡)

Pronunciation

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Rime
Character
Reading # 1/2
Initial () (7)
Final () (101)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () I
Fanqie
Baxter dangX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/dɑŋX/
Pan
Wuyun
/dɑŋX/
Shao
Rongfen
/dɑŋX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/daŋX/
Li
Rong
/dɑŋX/
Wang
Li
/dɑŋX/
Bernard
Karlgren
/dʱɑŋX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
dàng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
dong6
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
dàng
Middle
Chinese
‹ dangX ›
Old
Chinese
/*N.rˁaŋʔ/
English beat furiously (of the heart)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 2/2
No. 14569
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*l'aːŋʔ/

Adjective

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蕩蕩

  1. (literary, ideophonic) vast; broad; spacious (and empty)
  2. (literary, ideophonic) generous; magnanimous
  3. (literary, ideophonic, of water) gushing; surging; rushing
  4. (literary, ideophonic) unrestrained; unconstrained
  5. (literary, ideophonic) floating; drifting; swaying
  6. (literary, ideophonic) bright and clean; luminous

Derived terms

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Japanese

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Kanji in this term
とう
Hyōgai
とう
Hyōgai
on'yomi

Alternative forms

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Etymology

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/tautau//tɔːtɔː//toːtoː/

From Middle Chinese 蕩蕩 (MC dangX dangX).

Due to some similarity in meaning in the source Chinese and further conflation in Japanese, this term is variously spelled either 蕩蕩 or 湯湯. Note that the difference is the presence or absence of the radical at the top of each character.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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(とう)(とう) (tōtōたうたう (tautau)?-tari (adnominal (とう)(とう)とした (tōtō to shita) or (とう)(とう)たる (tōtō taru), adverbial (とう)(とう) (tōtō to) or (とう)(とう)として (tōtō to shite))

  1. (uncommon, literary) spacious, grandiose
  2. (uncommon, literary) level and peaceful
  3. (uncommon, literary) gushing, surging, rushing
  4. (uncommon, literary) gentle
  5. (uncommon, literary) disordered, unconstrained

References

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  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  • Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN