Wiktionary

複

See also: 复 and 復
複 U+8907, 複
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8907
← 褆
[U+8906] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 褈 →
[U+8908]

TranslingualEdit

Han characterEdit

複 (radical 145, 衣+9, 14 strokes, cangjie input 中人日水 (LOAE), four-corner 38247, composition ⿰衤复)

Derived charactersEdit

ReferencesEdit

  • KangXi: page 1120, character 22
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 34417
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1587, character 3
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3103, character 8
  • Unihan data for U+8907

ChineseEdit

trad. 複
simp. 复*

Glyph originEdit

Historical forms of the character 複
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
 
Characters in the same phonetic series (复) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
愎 *brɯɡ
鍑 *puɡs, *puɡ
覆 *pʰuɡs, *buɡs, *pʰɯːɡ, *pʰuɡ
復 *buɡs, *buɡ
椱 *buɡs, *buɡ
複 *buɡs, *puɡ
馥 *brɯɡ, *buɡ
腹 *puɡ
輹 *puɡ, *buɡ
蝮 *pʰuɡ
蕧 *pʰuɡ, *buɡ
复 *buɡ
鰒 *buɡ
澓 *buɡ

EtymologyEdit

Cognate with 復 (OC *buɡs, *buɡ, “to return; again”) (Schuessler, 2007). See there for more.

覆 (OC *pʰuɡ, “to turn over; to overturn”) is an aspiration causative/iterative form of 複 (OC *puɡ), hence literally "to make something double over".

PronunciationEdit

Note:
  • hók - literary;
  • bô - vernacular "again".
  • Min Nan
    • Rime
    Character 複 複
    Reading # 1/2 2/2
    Initial (聲) 並 (3) 幫 (1)
    Final (韻) 尤 (136) 屋 (4)
    Tone (調) Departing (H) Checked (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open Open
    Division (等) III III
    Fanqie 扶富切 方六切
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/bɨuH/ /pɨuk̚/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/biuH/ /piuk̚/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/biəuH/ /piuk̚/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/buwH/ /puwk̚/
    Li
    Rong         		/biuH/ /piuk̚/
    Wang
    Li         		/bĭəuH/ /pĭuk̚/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/bʱi̯ə̯uH/ /pi̯uk̚/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		fòu fu
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		fau6 fuk1
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 複
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		fù
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ pjuwk ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*p(r)uk/
    English double, lined (garment)

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 複 複
    Reading # 1/2 2/2
    No. 3539 3544
    Phonetic
    component         		复 复
    Rime
    group         		奧 覺
    Rime
    subdivision         		1 1
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		復 福
    Old
    Chinese         		/*buɡs/ /*puɡ/

    DefinitionsEdit

    複

    1. to repeat; to double; to overlap
    2. again
      複檢 / 复检  ―  fùjiǎn  ―  to double-check

    CompoundsEdit

    Derived terms from 複

    JapaneseEdit

    KanjiEdit

    複

    (grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    ReadingsEdit

    CompoundsEdit

    Kanji in this term
    複
    ふく
    Grade: 5
    on’yomi

    PronunciationEdit

    NounEdit

    複(ふく) • (fuku) 

    1. Short for 複試合.
    2. Short for 複勝式.

    PrefixEdit

    複(ふく) • (fuku-) 

    1. diplo-, double

    ReferencesEdit

    1. ^ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
    2. ^ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

    KoreanEdit

    Etymology 1Edit

    HanjaEdit

    複 (eumhun 겹칠 복 (gyeopchil bok))

    Etymology 2Edit

    HanjaEdit

    複 (eumhun 겹칠 부 (gyeopchil bu))

    VietnameseEdit

    Han characterEdit

    複: Hán Nôm readings: phức

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