復

復 U+5FA9, 復 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5FA9 ← 徨 [U+5FA8] CJK Unified Ideographs 循 → [U+5FAA]

See also: 复 and 覆

Contents

TranslingualEdit

Han characterEdit

復 (radical 60 彳+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 竹人人日水 (HOOAE), four-corner 2824₇, composition ⿰彳复)

1. return
2. repeat, repeatedly

Derived charactersEdit

• 履 覆

ReferencesEdit

• KangXi: page 369, character 22
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10183
• Dae Jaweon: page 695, character 15
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 834, character 2
• Unihan data for U+5FA9

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ChineseEdit

trad.		復
simp.		复

Glyph originEdit

Historical forms of the character 復
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Large seal script	Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (复) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
愎	*brɯɡ
鍑	*puɡs, *puɡ
覆	*pʰuɡs, *buɡs, *pʰɯːɡ, *pʰuɡ
復	*buɡs, *buɡ
椱	*buɡs, *buɡ
複	*buɡs, *puɡ
馥	*brɯɡ, *buɡ
腹	*puɡ
輹	*puɡ, *buɡ
蝮	*pʰuɡ
蕧	*pʰuɡ, *buɡ
复	*buɡ
鰒	*buɡ
澓	*buɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *buɡs, *buɡ): semantic 彳 (“walk”) + phonetic 复 (OC *buɡ, “repeat”).

Walk back and forth.

PronunciationEdit

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): fù (fu⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄈㄨˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): fuk⁶, fau⁶
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): fu̍k
• Min Nan (POJ): ho̍k / hok / hiū

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: fù
    • Zhuyin: ㄈㄨˋ
    • Wade-Giles: fu⁴
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fuh
    • IPA ^(key): /fu⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: fuk⁶, fau⁶
    • Yale: fuhk, fauh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: fuk⁹, fau⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: fug⁶, feo⁶
    • IPA ^(key): /fʊk̚²/, /fɐu̯²²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fu̍k
    • Hakka Romanization System: fug
    • Hagfa Pinyim: fug⁶
    • IPA: /fuk̚⁵/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, mainstream Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ho̍k
    • Tâi-lô: ho̍k
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hok
    • IPA (Xiamen): /hɔk̚⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /hɔk̚²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /hɔk̚¹²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /hɔk̚⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɔk̚⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hok
    • Tâi-lô: hok
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hog
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /hɔk̚⁵/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /hɔk̚³²/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /hɔk̚³²/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hiū
    • Tâi-lô: hiū
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hiu
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /hiu⁴¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /hiu²²/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /hiu²²/

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• Middle Chinese: /bɨu^H/, /bɨuk̚/▼

Rime
Character	復	復
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	並 (3)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	尤 (136)	屋 (4)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	扶富切	房六切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/bɨuH/	/bɨuk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/biuH/	/biuk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/biəuH/	/biuk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/buwH/	/buwk̚/
Li Rong	/biuH/	/biuk̚/
Wang Li	/bĭəuH/	/bĭuk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/bʱi̯ə̯uH/	/bʱi̯uk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fòu	fú

• Old Chinese▼

  (Baxter-Sagart): /*[N]-pruk-s/, /*m-p(r)uk/

  (Zhengzhang): /*buɡs/, /*buɡ/

Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	復	復
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	fù	fù
Middle Chinese	‹ bjuwH ›	‹ bjuwk ›
Old Chinese	/*[N]-pruk-s/	/*m-p(r)uk/
English	again	return
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	復	復
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	3537	3550
Phonetic component	复	复
Rime group	奧	覺
Rime subdivision	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	復	伏
Old Chinese	/*buɡs/	/*buɡ/

DefinitionsEdit

復

1. to return
2. to repeat
3. repeatedly
4. 24th hexagram of the I Ching

CompoundsEdit

• 復交／复交
• 復仇／复仇 (fùchóu)
• 復任／复任
• 復位／复位
• 復信／复信 (fùxìn)
• 復元／复元
• 復出／复出
• 復函／复函
• 復刊／复刊 (fùkān)
• 復原／复原 (fùyuán)
• 復古／复古 (fùgǔ)
• 復名數／复名数
• 復命／复命 (fùmìng)
• 復員／复员 (fùyuán)

• 復圓／复圆
• 復婚／复婚 (fùhūn)
• 復學／复学
• 復工／复工 (fùgōng)
• 復市／复市
• 復明／复明
• 復會／复会
• 復核／复核
• 復業／复业
• 復歸／复归 (fùguī)
• 復活／复活 (fùhuó)
• 復活節／复活节 (Fùhuójié)
• 復現／复现

• 復生／复生
• 復甦／复苏
• 復發／复发 (fùfā)
• 復種／复种
• 復聰／复聪
• 復職／复职 (fùzhí)
• 復興／复兴 (fùxīng)
• 復舊／复旧
• 復課／复课
• 復議／复议 (fùyì)
• 復蹈前轍／复蹈前辙
• 復辟／复辟 (fùbì)
• 復電／复电

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JapaneseEdit

KanjiEdit

復

(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

1. restore
2. return to
3. revert
4. resume

ReadingsEdit

• Goon: ぶく (buku)
• Kan’on: ふく (fuku)
• Kun: かえる (kaeru), かえす (kaesu), また (mata)

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KoreanEdit

HanjaEdit

復 • (bok, bu) (hangeul 복, 부, revised bok, bu, McCune-Reischauer pok, pu, Yale pok, pu)

1. return
2. repeat
3. repeatedly

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VietnameseEdit

Han characterEdit

復 (phục, phức)

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