阿彌陀佛

See also: 阿弥陀佛

Chinese edit

		phonetic	Buddha; Buddhism
trad. (阿彌陀佛)		阿彌陀	佛
simp. (阿弥陀佛)		阿弥陀	佛

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阿彌陀佛

Etymology edit

Borrowed from Sanskrit अमिताभ (amitābha, “limitless light”).

Pronunciation edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): Ēmítuófó, Āmítuófó

(Zhuyin): ㄜㄇㄧˊ ㄊㄨㄛˊ ㄈㄛˊ, ㄚㄇㄧˊ ㄊㄨㄛˊ ㄈㄛˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): o¹ mei⁴ to⁴ fat⁶, o¹ nei^4-1 to⁴ fat⁶, o¹ lei⁴ to⁴ fat⁶
Gan (Wiktionary): ngo¹ mi to² fiit⁶
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): Ô-mì-thò-fu̍t / Â-mì-thò-fu̍t / Ô-nî-thò-fu̍t
Eastern Min (BUC): Ŏ̤-mì-tò̤-hŭk
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): O͘-mî-tô-hu̍t / O͘-mî-tô͘-hu̍t / O͘-mí-tô͘-hu̍t / A-mî-tô-hu̍t / A-mî-tô͘-hu̍t / O͘-bí-tô͘-hu̍t / O-bí-tô-hu̍t / O-mí-tô-hu̍t / O-mî-tô-hu̍t

(Teochew, Peng'im): o¹ ni⁵ to⁵ hug⁸ / o¹ ni⁵ to³ hug⁴
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ¹o-mi-du-veq / ³ou₁-mi₂-dou₂ ⁸veq

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: Ēmítuófó
  - Zhuyin: ㄜㄇㄧˊ ㄊㄨㄛˊ ㄈㄛˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: Emítuófó
  - Wade–Giles: O¹-mi²-tʻo²-fo²
  - Yale: Ē-mí-twó-fwó
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Emitwofor
  - Palladius: Эмитофо (Emitofo)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˀɤ⁵⁵ mi³⁵ tʰu̯ɔ³⁵ fu̯ɔ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: Āmítuófó
  - Zhuyin: ㄚㄇㄧˊ ㄊㄨㄛˊ ㄈㄛˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: Amítuófó
  - Wade–Giles: A¹-mi²-tʻo²-fo²
  - Yale: Ā-mí-twó-fwó
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Amitwofor
  - Palladius: Амитофо (Amitofo)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˀä⁵⁵ mi³⁵ tʰu̯ɔ³⁵ fu̯ɔ³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: o¹ mei⁴ to⁴ fat⁶, o¹ nei^4-1 to⁴ fat⁶, o¹ lei⁴ to⁴ fat⁶
  - Yale: ō mèih tòh faht, ō nēi tòh faht, ō lèih tòh faht
  - Cantonese Pinyin: o¹ mei⁴ to⁴ fat⁹, o¹ nei^4-1 to⁴ fat⁹, o¹ lei⁴ to⁴ fat⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: o¹ méi⁴ to⁴ fed⁶, o¹ néi^4-1 to⁴ fed⁶, o¹ léi⁴ to⁴ fed⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɔː⁵⁵ mei̯²¹ tʰɔː²¹ fɐt̚²/, /ɔː⁵⁵ nei̯²¹⁻⁵⁵ tʰɔː²¹ fɐt̚²/, /ɔː⁵⁵ lei̯²¹ tʰɔː²¹ fɐt̚²/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: ngo¹ mi to² fiit⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋo⁴² mi² tʰo²⁴ fɨt̚⁵/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Ô-mì-thò-fu̍t / Â-mì-thò-fu̍t
  - Hakka Romanization System: o´ miˇ toˇ fud / a´ miˇ toˇ fud
  - Hagfa Pinyim: o¹ mi² to² fud⁶ / a¹ mi² to² fud⁶
  - Sinological IPA: /o²⁴ mi¹¹ tʰo¹¹ fut̚⁵/, /a²⁴ mi¹¹ tʰo¹¹ fut̚⁵/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Ô-nî-thò-fu̍t / Â-mì-thò-fu̍t
  - Hakka Romanization System: o´ ni´ toˇ fud / a´ miˇ toˇ fud
  - Hagfa Pinyim: o¹ ni¹ to² fud⁶ / a¹ mi² to² fud⁶
  - Sinological IPA: /o²⁴⁻¹¹ ni²⁴ tʰo¹¹ fut̚⁵/, /a²⁴ mi¹¹ tʰo¹¹ fut̚⁵/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: Ŏ̤-mì-tò̤-hŭk
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /o⁵⁵ mi⁵³⁽⁻²¹⁾ ^(tʰ-)lo⁵³⁻³³ ^(h-)uʔ⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: O͘-mî-tô-hu̍t
  - Tâi-lô: Oo-mî-tô-hu̍t
  - Phofsit Daibuun: omi'doi'hut
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ mĩ²³⁻³³ tɤ²³⁻³³ hut̚⁴/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /ɔ⁴⁴⁻²² mĩ²⁴⁻²² to²⁴⁻²² hut̚⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /ɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ mĩ²⁴⁻¹¹ to²⁴⁻¹¹ hut̚⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: O͘-mî-tô͘-hu̍t
  - Tâi-lô: Oo-mî-tôo-hu̍t
  - Phofsit Daibuun: omi'do'hut
  - IPA (Xiamen): /ɔ⁴⁴⁻²² mĩ²⁴⁻²² tɔ²⁴⁻²² hut̚⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ɔ³³ mĩ²⁴⁻²² tɔ²⁴⁻²² hut̚²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: O͘-mí-tô͘-hu̍t
  - Tâi-lô: Oo-mí-tôo-hu̍t
  - Phofsit Daibuun: omy'do'hut
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ɔ³³ mĩ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tɔ²⁴⁻²² hut̚²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ mĩ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tɔ²³⁻³³ hut̚⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /ɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ mĩ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tɔ²⁴⁻¹¹ hut̚⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: A-mî-tô-hu̍t
  - Tâi-lô: A-mî-tô-hu̍t
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ami'doi'hut
  - IPA (Xiamen): /a⁴⁴⁻²² mĩ²⁴⁻²² to²⁴⁻²² hut̚⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: A-mî-tô͘-hu̍t
  - Tâi-lô: A-mî-tôo-hu̍t
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ami'do'hut
  - IPA (Xiamen): /a⁴⁴⁻²² mĩ²⁴⁻²² tɔ²⁴⁻²² hut̚⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: O͘-bí-tô͘-hu̍t
  - Tâi-lô: Oo-bí-tôo-hu̍t
  - Phofsit Daibuun: o'by'do'hut
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ɔ³³ bi⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tɔ²⁴⁻²² hut̚²⁴/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: O-bí-tô-hu̍t
  - Tâi-lô: O-bí-tô-hu̍t
  - Phofsit Daibuun: oi'by'doi'hut
  - IPA (Taipei): /o⁴⁴⁻³³ bi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to²⁴⁻¹¹ hut̚⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ bi⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tɤ²³⁻³³ hut̚⁴/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: O-mí-tô-hu̍t
  - Tâi-lô: O-mí-tô-hu̍t
  - Phofsit Daibuun: oimy'doi'hut
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ mĩ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tɤ²³⁻³³ hut̚⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /o⁴⁴⁻³³ mĩ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to²⁴⁻¹¹ hut̚⁴/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: O-mî-tô-hu̍t
  - Tâi-lô: O-mî-tô-hu̍t
  - Phofsit Daibuun: oimi'doi'hut
  - IPA (Taipei): /o⁴⁴⁻³³ mĩ²⁴⁻¹¹ to²⁴⁻¹¹ hut̚⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ mĩ²³⁻³³ tɤ²³⁻³³ hut̚⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: o¹ ni⁵ to⁵ hug⁸ / o¹ ni⁵ to³ hug⁴
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: o nî thô hu̍k / o nî thò huk
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /o³³⁻²³ ni⁵⁵⁻¹¹ tʰo⁵⁵⁻¹¹ huk̚⁴/, /o³³⁻²³ ni⁵⁵⁻¹¹ tʰo²¹³⁻⁵⁵ huk̚²/
Wu
- (Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ¹o-mi-du-veq
  - MiniDict: o^平 mi du veh
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹o-mi-du-veq
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /o⁵⁵ mi³³ du³³ vəʔ²¹/
- (Suzhou)
  - Wugniu: ³ou₁-mi₂-dou₂ ⁸veq
  - MiniDict: ou^平 mi^平 dou^平 veh^入
  - Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /əu⁵⁵ mi¹¹ dəu vəʔ²³/

Middle Chinese: 'a mjie da bjut

Rime
Character	阿	彌	陀	佛
Reading #	1/1	1/1	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	影 (34)	明 (4)	定 (7)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	歌 (94)	支 (11)	歌 (94)	物 (60)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open	Closed
Division (等)	I	III	I	III
Fanqie	烏何切	武移切	徒河切	符弗切
Baxter	'a	mjie	da	bjut
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔɑ/	/miᴇ/	/dɑ/	/bɨut̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔɑ/	/miɛ/	/dɑ/	/biut̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔɑ/	/mjɛ/	/dɑ/	/biuət̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔa/	/miə̆/	/da/	/but̚/
Li Rong	/ʔɑ/	/mie/	/dɑ/	/biuət̚/
Wang Li	/ɑ/	/mǐe/	/dɑ/	/bĭuət̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʔɑ/	/mie̯/	/dʱɑ/	/bʱi̯uət̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	ē	mí	tuó	fú
Expected Cantonese Reflex	o¹	mei⁴	to⁴	fat⁶

Proper noun edit

阿彌陀佛

(Buddhism) Amitābha
Synonyms: 無量光佛／无量光佛, 無量壽佛／无量寿佛

Derived terms edit

南無阿彌陀佛／南无阿弥陀佛

Descendants edit

Sino-Xenic (阿彌陀佛):

→ Japanese: 阿(あ)弥(み)陀(だ)仏(ぶつ) (Amidabutsu)
→ Korean: 아미타불(阿彌陀佛) (Amitabul)
→ Vietnamese: A Di Đà Phật (阿彌陀佛)

Interjection edit

阿彌陀佛

(Buddhism) An expression for praying to Buddha for protection or thanksgiving.
(Buddhism) A greeting used when meeting Buddhist monks or nuns, and by Buddhist monks and nuns when meeting people.
(Cantonese) God bless you