弗
See also: 𢎵
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TranslingualEdit
Han characterEdit
弗 (Kangxi radical 57, 弓+2, 5 strokes, cangjie input 中中弓 (LLN), four-corner 55027, composition ⿻⿰丿丨弓)
Derived charactersEdit
ReferencesEdit
- KangXi: page 356, character 16
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 9708
- Dae Jaweon: page 673, character 1
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 990, character 9
- Unihan data for U+5F17
ChineseEdit
| simp. and trad. |
弗 | |
|---|---|---|
Glyph originEdit
| Historical forms of the character 弗 | |
|---|---|
| Shang | Western Zhou |
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions |
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|
Pictogram (象形) – two arrows, tied together to be straightened.
Later borrowed phonetically to mean “no”. The derivative 拂 (OC *pʰɯd) stands for the original word.
Etymology 1Edit
- not (verb) him/her/it
- Fusion of 不 (OC *pɯ, *pɯʔ, *pɯ', “not”) with 之 (OC *tjɯ, “third-person pronoun”) (Schuessler, 2007). See etymology of 不 for more.
PronunciationEdit
DefinitionsEdit
弗
- (Classical Chinese or Wu) not
- 一簞食，一豆羹，得之則生，弗得則死。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: Mencius, circa 4th century BCE
- Yī dān sì, yī dòu gēng, dé zhī zé shēng, fú dé zé sǐ. [Pinyin]
- Here are a small basket of rice and a platter of soup; getting them will enable survival, while not getting them will result in death.
一箪食，一豆羹，得之则生，弗得则死。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- Used in 弗弗.
- Alternative form of 祓 (fú).
- † to straighten; to correct
- (Shanghainese Wu) Alternative form of 勿 (“not”).
- Used in transcription.
SynonymsEdit
Usage notesEdit
- In modern Standard Chinese, this character is almost entirely used for phonetic translations. The character mainly represents the phoneme /f/ in word-final and preconsonantal positions.
- The characters 不 (bù) and 否 (fǒu) are far more commonly used to mean “no”.
CompoundsEdit
Etymology 2Edit
| For pronunciation and definitions of 弗 – see 費 (“to cost; to spend; to expend; to consume; to use; to exhaust; etc.”). (This character, 弗, is the second-round simplified form of 費.) |
Notes:
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JapaneseEdit
KanjiEdit
弗
ReadingsEdit
Etymology 1Edit
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 弗 |
| ふつ Hyōgaiji |
| kan’on |
Originally borrowed from Middle Chinese 弗 (*pjut), meaning either “not” or “a gust of wind”. Apparently later repurposed during the later Edo period for its phonetic value in translating the Dutch fluor (“fluorine”).
PronunciationEdit
AffixEdit
Derived termsEdit
Derived terms
- 弗化 (ふっか, fukka): fluoridation; fluoro-, fluor-; fluorinated
- 弗化カルシウム (ふっかカルシウム, fukka karushiumu): calcium fluoride, CaF2
- 六弗化リン酸リチウム (ろくふっかりんさんりちうむ, roku fukka rinsan richiumu): lithium hexafluorophosphate
- 弗化水素 (ふっかすいそ, fukka suiso): hydrogen fluoride, HF
- 弗化水素酸 (ふっかすいそさん, fukka suiso san): hydrofluoric acid
- 弗化物 (ふっかぶつ, fukkabutsu): fluoride
- 六弗化硫黄 (ろくふっかいおう, ろくふっかいおう): sulfur hexafluoride
- 弗酸 (ふっさん, fussan): short for 弗化水素酸 (fukka suiso san): hydrofluoric acid
- 弗素 (ふっそ, fusso): fluorine, F
Purely phonetic uses:
Usage notesEdit
Seldom used. In chemistry contexts, almost always spelled in katakana as フツ, appearing in most compounds as フッ.
Etymology 2Edit
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 弗 |
| どる Hyōgaiji |
| kun’yomi |
Glyph originEdit
Repurposed for its visual similarity to the dollar symbol $. This reading is ultimately borrowed from Dutch dollar.[1][2]
DefinitionsEdit
| For pronunciation and definitions of 弗 – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
| (This term, 弗, is an alternative (obsolete) spelling of the above term.) |
ReferencesEdit
KoreanEdit
HanjaEdit
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}. - Repurposed for its visual similarity to the dollar symbol $.[1]
ReferencesEdit
VietnameseEdit
Han characterEdit
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.