-ячий
RussianEdit
Alternative formsEdit
- -а́чий (-áčij) – after the unpaired sounds ч ж ш щ ц
EtymologyEdit
Inherited from Late Proto-Slavic *-ęťь, a present active participial suffix. Doublet of -я́щий (-jáščij), the normal present participle suffix, a borrowing from Old Church Slavonic.
PronunciationEdit
SuffixEdit
-я́чий • (-jáčij)
- Adjective-forming suffix, added to intransitive verbs, particularly class 4 verbs (in -ить (-itʹ)) and class 5 verbs (in -еть (-etʹ) or -ять (-jatʹ)), indicating being in the state of that verb.
- висе́ть (visétʹ, “to hang”) + -я́чий (-jáčij) → вися́чий (visjáčij, “hanging, suspended”)
- ходи́ть (xodítʹ, “to walk”) + -я́чий (-jáčij) → ходя́чий (xodjáčij, “walking; current”)
- стоя́ть (stojátʹ, “to stand”) + -я́чий (-jáčij) → стоя́чий (stojáčij, “standing; stagnant”)
- горе́ть (gorétʹ, “to burn”) + -я́чий (-jáčij) → горя́чий (gorjáčij, “hot; hot-tempered”)
Usage notesEdit
Note the following properties:
- The suffix is always stressed.
- The suffix is added to the present stem of the verb, minus any ending such as -ить (-itʹ), -еть (-etʹ), or -ять (-jatʹ). If the infinitival and present stem differ, the present stem is used.
DeclensionEdit
Declension of -я́чий (short class a)
| masculine | neuter | feminine | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | -я́чий -jáčij |
-я́чее -jáčeje |
-я́чая -jáčaja |
-я́чие -jáčije | |
| genitive | -я́чего -jáčevo |
-я́чей -jáčej |
-я́чих -jáčix | ||
| dative | -я́чему -jáčemu |
-я́чей -jáčej |
-я́чим -jáčim | ||
| accusative | animate | -я́чего -jáčevo |
-я́чее -jáčeje |
-я́чую -jáčuju |
-я́чих -jáčix |
| inanimate | -я́чий -jáčij |
-я́чие -jáčije | |||
| instrumental | -я́чим -jáčim |
-я́чей, -я́чею -jáčej, -jáčeju |
-я́чими -jáčimi | ||
| prepositional | -я́чем -jáčem |
-я́чей -jáčej |
-я́чих -jáčix | ||
| short form | -я́ч -jáč |
-я́че -jáče |
-я́ча -jáča |
-я́чи -jáči | |