Wiktionary

Poland

English

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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    Etymology tree
    Proto-Indo-European *pleh₂-der.
    Proto-Slavic *poľe
    Proto-Slavic *-janъ
    Proto-Indo-European *-nós
    Proto-Indo-European *-iHnos
    Proto-Slavic *-inъ
    Proto-Slavic *-janinъ
    Proto-Slavic *poľaninъder.
    German Polebor.
    English Pole
    Proto-Indo-European *lendʰ-
    Proto-Indo-European *-om
    Proto-Germanic *landą
    Proto-West Germanic *land
    Old English land
    Middle English lond
    English land
    English Poland

    1560s. From Pole +‎ land, a phono-semantic matching of German Polen (“Poland”), from Old Polish Polanie (“Poles”, literally “field dwellers”), from Proto-Slavic *poľane, plural of *poľaninъ (“field dweller”), from *poľe (“field”) + *-ěninъ, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₂- (“flat, wide”).

    Pronunciation

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    Poland
    • (UK) IPA(key): /ˈpəʊ.lənd/
    • (US) IPA(key): /ˈpoʊ.lənd/
    • Audio (UK):(file)
    • Audio (US):(file)

    Proper noun

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    Poland

    2. A country in Central Europe. Official name: Republic of Poland. Capital and largest city: Warsaw.
      • 1978, Richard Nixon, RN: the Memoirs of Richard Nixon‎[1], Grosset & Dunlap, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 213:
        After leaving the Soviet Union, we made a brief visit to one of the captive nations — Poland.[...]A quarter of a million people turned out that Sunday. Despite the presence of Soviet troops, and the fact that they share a common border with the Soviet Union, on that Sunday the people of Poland demonstrated dramatically not only their friendship for the United States but also their detestation of their Communist rulers and Soviet neighbors.
      • 2005, Bill Clinton, My Life‎[2], volume II, New York: Vintage Books, →ISBN, →OCLC, pages 185–186:
        The next stop was Warsaw, to meet with President Lech Walesa and emphasize my commitment to bringing Poland into NATO. Walesa had become a hero, and free Poland's natural choice for president, by leading the Gdansk-shipyard workers' revolt against communism more than a decade earlier. He was deeply suspicious of Russia and wanted Poland in NATO as soon as possible. He also wanted more American investment in Poland, saying the country's future required more American generals, "starting with General Motors and General Electric."
      • 2017 March 2, Eliza Mackintosh, “No more excuses on resettling refugees, European Commission warns”, in CNN‎[3]:
        Hungary, Austria and Poland are still refusing to participate in the resettlement plan, due to end in September. Other Eastern European countries, such as the Czech Republic, Bulgaria, Croatia and Slovakia, are only doing so on a limited basis, the commission said.
    3. A number of places in the United States:
      1. An unincorporated community in Cass Township, Clay County, Indiana.
      2. A town in Androscoggin County, Maine.
      3. A town in Chautauqua County, New York.
      4. A village in Herkimer County, New York.
      5. A village and township in Mahoning County, Ohio.
      6. An unincorporated community in Eaton, Brown County, Wisconsin.
    4. A village on Kiritimati, Kiribati, named after the home country of a plantation manager.
    5. A surname.

    Derived terms

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    Descendants

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    • → Japanese: ポーランド (Pōrando)

    Translations

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    See also

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    countries in Europe (appendix)edit

    References

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