cloaca
English
editEtymology
editBorrowed from Latin cloāca (“sewer”), from cluō (“cleanse; purge”).[1]
Pronunciation
editNoun
editcloaca (plural cloacas or cloacae)
- (sometimes figurative) A sewer.
- 1773, Gentleman's Magazine, number 43, page 598:
- The Thames, polluted with the filthy effusions of the cloacae.
- 1850, Thomas Carlyle, chapter IV, in Latter-day Pamphlets, page 46:
- […] that tremendous cloaca of Pauperism […]
- 1898, H.G. Wells, The War of the Worlds, London: William Heinemann, page 266:
- After working an hour, I began to speculate on the distance one had to go before the cloaca was reached the chances we had of missing it altogether.
- (anatomy, zoology) The opening in reptiles, amphibians and birds, as well as elasmobranchians, lobe-finned fishes and monotreme mammals, which serves as the common outlet for the urogenital ducts and rectum.
- 1822, John Mason Good, The Study of Medicine, volume I, page 7:
- In birds the rectum, at the termination of its canal, forms an oval or elongated pouch […] and then expands into a cavity, which has been named cloaca.
- An outhouse or lavatory.
- 1840, Frederick Marryat, chapter XXIV, in Olla Podrida:
- To every house […] a cloaca.
- 1880, William Blades, The Enemies of Books, page 55:
- Only think of that cloaca being supplied daily with such dainty bibliographical treasures!
- (anatomy) A duct through which gangrenous material escapes a body.
- 1846, Joseph François Malgaigne, translated by Frederick Brittan, Manual of Operative Surgery, page 172:
- Across this shell [sc. of bone] small holes are eaten, by which the matter escapes, and which are called cloacae (Weidmann).
- (embryology) Structure in the embryo during the development of the reproductive and urinary systems.
Synonyms
edit- (sewer): See sewer
- (duct): See vent
- (outhouse or lavatory): See Thesaurus:bathroom
Hypernyms
editDerived terms
editTranslations
editanatomical feature of birds, reptiles, etc.
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References
edit- ^ Oxford English Dictionary. "cloaca, n." Oxford University Press (Oxford), 1891.
Anagrams
editDutch
editEtymology
editPronunciation
editNoun
editcloaca f (plural cloaca's)
Derived terms
editItalian
editEtymology
editBorrowed from Latin cloaca. Cognate to the inherited doublet chiavica.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editcloaca f (plural cloache)
Derived terms
editFurther reading
edit- cloaca in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana
Latin
editAlternative forms
edit- clovāca, cluāca (Late Republican)
- coācla, covācla (metathesis, proscribed)
- clāvaca, clābaca (later metathesis)
Etymology
editRelated to cluō (“cleanse”), but the derivation is uncertain. See de Vaan (2008) for discussion.[1]
Pronunciation
edit- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /kloˈaː.ka/, [kɫ̪oˈäːkä]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /kloˈa.ka/, [kloˈäːkä]
Noun
editcloāca f (genitive cloācae); first declension
- An underground drain, sewer.
- (humorous) Of the mouth and intestines of a voracious person.
Declension
editFirst-declension noun.
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | cloāca | cloācae |
Genitive | cloācae | cloācārum |
Dative | cloācae | cloācīs |
Accusative | cloācam | cloācās |
Ablative | cloācā | cloācīs |
Vocative | cloāca | cloācae |
Derived terms
editDescendants
edit- Italian: chiavica
- Neapolitan: chiaveca
- Portuguese: colaga (“alley”)
- ⇒ Vulgar Latin: *clavacaria
- Catalan: claveguera
- → Catalan: cloaca
- → Danish: kloak
- → English: cloaca
- → French: cloaque
- → German: Kloake
- → Irish: clóáca
- → Italian: cloaca
- → Portuguese: cloaca
- → Romanian: cloacă
- → Spanish: cloaca
- Translingual: Enterobacter cloacae
References
edit- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “cloāca”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 122
Further reading
edit- “cloaca”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “cloaca”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- cloaca in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- “cloaca”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “cloaca”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
Portuguese
editEtymology
editPronunciation
edit
- Rhymes: -akɐ
- Hyphenation: clo‧a‧ca
Noun
editcloaca f (plural cloacas)
Romanian
editPronunciation
editNoun
editcloaca f
Spanish
editEtymology
editBorrowed from Latin cloāca (“sewer”), from cluō (“cleanse”).
Pronunciation
editNoun
editcloaca f (plural cloacas)
Derived terms
editFurther reading
edit- “cloaca”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
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- English lemmas
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- en:Anatomy
- en:Zoology
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- en:Toilet (room)
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- nl:Zoology
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- it:Anatomy
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- la:Engineering
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- es:Zoology