cortex

See also: córtex

English

Etymology

From Latin cortex (“cork, bark”).

Pronunciation

• (General American) IPA^(key): /ˈkɔɹtɛks/
• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˈkɔːtɛks/

• Audio (Southern England)

  (file)

Noun

cortex (countable and uncountable, plural cortexes or cortices)

1. (countable, anatomy) The outer layer of an internal organ or body structure, such as the kidney or the brain.
2. (uncountable, botany) The tissue of a stem or root that lies inward from the epidermis, but exterior to the vascular tissue.
3. (archaeology) The outer surface of a piece of flint.

Hyponyms

(outer layer of an animalian organ or body structure):

• adrenal cortex
• allocortex
• anterior cingulate cortex
• archicortex
• cerebellar cortex
• cerebral cortex
• cingulate cortex
• cytocortex
• entorhinal cortex
• isocortex
• mesocortex
• motor cortex
• neocortex
• paleocortex
• paracingulate cortex
• prefrontal cortex
• renal cortex
• somatic sensory cortex
• somatosensory cortex
• visual cortex

 

Coordinate terms

(botany):

• bark
• cork

Derived terms

• cortexless
• cortical
• cortico- (and its derivatives)
• subcortex

 

Translations

outer layer of an internal organ or body structure

• Arabic: please add this translation if you can
• Bashkir: ҡабыҡ (qabıq)
• Bulgarian: ципа (bg) f (cipa)
• Catalan: còrtex (ca) m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 皮质 (zh) (pízhì)

• Czech: kůra (cs) f
• Finnish: kuori (fi)
• French: cortex (fr) m
• German: Rinde (de) f, Cortex (de) m, Kortex (de) m
• Greek: φλοιός (el) (floiós)
• Hungarian: kéreg (hu)
• Ido: kortico (io)
• Irish: coirtéis f
• Khmer: សំបក (km) (sɑmbɑɑk)
• Korean: 피질(皮質) (ko) (pijil)
• Kurdish:

  Northern Kurdish: tûkil (ku) f

• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: bark (no) m

  Nynorsk: bork (nn) m

• Polish: kora (pl) f
• Portuguese: córtex (pt) m
• Russian: кора (ru) (kora)
• Thai: เปลือก (th) (bplʉ̀ʉak)
• Welsh: breithell f (of brain), gwisg (cy) f (of other organs)

tissue of a stem or root

• Bulgarian: кора (bg) f (kora)
• French: cortex (fr) m
• Hungarian: kéreg (hu)
• Latin: cortex
• Polish: kora (pl) f
• Portuguese: córtex (pt) m
• Tagalog: luknap

Further reading

• “cortex”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.

French

Noun

cortex m (uncountable)

1. cortex

Derived terms

• cortex préfrontal

Further reading

• “cortex”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *(s)kort-ek-s, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kert-, extended from *(s)ker- (“to cut”).

Cognate with Ancient Greek κείρω (keírō, “I cut off”), English shear, German scheren, Albanian harr (“to cut, to mow”), Lithuanian skìrti (“separate”), Welsh ysgar (“separate”), Old Armenian քերեմ (kʻerem, “to scrape, scratch”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈkor.teks/, [ˈkɔrt̪ɛks̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈkor.teks/, [ˈkɔrt̪eks]

Noun

cortex m or f (genitive corticis); third declension

1. The bark of a tree; the bark of a cork tree; cork.
2. The shell or outward part or covering of anything else; body.
3. Life preserver (made of bark)
   • nāre sine cortice

     to need no more assistance

     (literally, “to swim without life preserver”)

     (proverb)

Declension

Third-declension noun.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	cortex	corticēs
Genitive	corticis	corticum
Dative	corticī	corticibus
Accusative	corticem	corticēs
Ablative	cortice	corticibus
Vocative	cortex	corticēs

Derived terms

• corticea
• corticeus
• corticulus
• corticātus
• corticōsus
• dēcorticō

 

Descendants

• Arabic: القُورْق (al-qūrq)
• Catalan: còrtex
• English: cortex
• French: cortex
• Irish: coirte
• Italian: cortice
• Portuguese: córtex, Portuguese: córtice, Portuguese: cortíceo, Portuguese: cortiço, cortiça
• Sardinian: cortiche, cortighe
• Spanish: corcho, corche, córtex

References

• “cortex”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “cortex”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• cortex in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• cortex in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• “cortex”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from French cortex, Latin cortex.

Noun

cortex n (plural cortexuri)

1. cortex

Declension

Declension of cortex

	singular		plural
	indefinite articulation	definite articulation	indefinite articulation	definite articulation
nominative/accusative	(un) cortex	cortexul	(niște) cortexuri	cortexurile
genitive/dative	(unui) cortex	cortexului	(unor) cortexuri	cortexurilor
vocative	cortexule		cortexurilor