sine
English edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Latin sinus (“curve, bend; bosom”), a translation of Arabic جَيْب (jayb, “bosom”), a misidentification of the notation جيب (j-y-b), written without vowel diacritics, standing for Arabic جِيبَ (jība, “sine”), in turn from Sanskrit ज्या (jyā, “sine, chord, bowstring”) through the similar Sanskrit जीव (jīva, “sine, chord, life, existence”). Doublet of sinus.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
sine (plural sines)
- (trigonometry, mathematics) In a right triangle, the ratio of the length of the side opposite an angle to the length of the hypotenuse.
Usage notes edit
In various branches of mathematics, the sine of an angle is determined in various ways, including the following:
- The y-coordinate of the point on the unit circle at the given anticlockwise angle from the positive x-axis.
- The sum of the real or complex power series
where x is in radians.
Synonyms edit
- Symbol: sin
Coordinate terms edit
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Translations edit
|
See also edit
Anagrams edit
Ainu edit
< 0 | 1 | 2 > |
---|---|---|
Cardinal : sine Ordinal : sine ikinne | ||
Pronunciation edit
Numeral edit
sine (Kana spelling シネ)
Bikol Central edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Spanish cine, from a clipping of Spanish cinema, a reduction of Spanish cinematógrafo, from French cinématographe.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
síne
Derived terms edit
Cebuano edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Spanish cine, from Clipping of Spanish cinema, a reduction of Spanish cinematógrafo, from French cinématographe.
Pronunciation edit
- Hyphenation: si‧ne
Noun edit
sine
Quotations edit
- For quotations using this term, see Citations:sine.
Derived terms edit
Danish edit
Pronunciation edit
Pronoun edit
sine
See also edit
Number | Person | Type | Nominative | Oblique | Possessive | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
common | neuter | plural | |||||
Singular | First | – | jeg | mig | min | mit | mine |
Second | modern / informal | du | dig | din | dit | dine | |
formal | De | Dem | Deres | ||||
Third | masculine (person) | han | ham | hans | |||
feminine (person) | hun | hende | hendes | ||||
common(noun) | den | dens | |||||
neuter(noun) | det | dets | |||||
reflexive | – | sig | sin | sit | sine | ||
Plural | First | modern | vi | os | vores | ||
archaic / formal | vor | vort | vore | ||||
Second | – | I | jer | jeres | |||
Third | – | de | dem | deres | |||
reflexive | – | sig |
Finnish edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
sine
- bluing (blue pigment used for coloring clothes when washing)
- blueprint (paper-based reproduction usually of a technical drawing), diazo print, ammonia print)
Declension edit
Inflection of sine (Kotus type 48/hame, no gradation) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
nominative | sine | sineet | ||
genitive | sineen | sineiden sineitten | ||
partitive | sinettä | sineitä | ||
illative | sineeseen | sineisiin sineihin | ||
singular | plural | |||
nominative | sine | sineet | ||
accusative | nom. | sine | sineet | |
gen. | sineen | |||
genitive | sineen | sineiden sineitten | ||
partitive | sinettä | sineitä | ||
inessive | sineessä | sineissä | ||
elative | sineestä | sineistä | ||
illative | sineeseen | sineisiin sineihin | ||
adessive | sineellä | sineillä | ||
ablative | sineeltä | sineiltä | ||
allative | sineelle | sineille | ||
essive | sineenä | sineinä | ||
translative | sineeksi | sineiksi | ||
abessive | sineettä | sineittä | ||
instructive | — | sinein | ||
comitative | See the possessive forms below. |
Anagrams edit
Irish edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Old Irish sine, siniu, comparative form of sen (“old”).[3]
Adjective edit
sine
Etymology 2 edit
From Old Irish sine (“teat, dug, pap”), from Proto-Celtic *sɸenyos, from Proto-Indo-European *pstḗn. Cognate with Old Norse speni (“teat”), English spean (“teat (of a cow)”).[4]
Noun edit
sine f (genitive singular sine, nominative plural siní)
Declension edit
Derived terms edit
- sine siain (“uvula”)
Mutation edit
Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
sine | shine after an, tsine |
not applicable |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
References edit
- ^ Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, page 57
- ^ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, page 90
- ^ G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “1 sine”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- ^ G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “3 sine”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Further reading edit
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “sine”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
Latin edit
Pronunciation edit
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈsi.ne/, [ˈs̠ɪnɛ]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈsi.ne/, [ˈsiːne]
Etymology 1 edit
The function of this preposition was previously done with the use of sē, sēd (see sē-, sed), from Proto-Indo-European *swé (“self”), thus meaning "by itself", "without". Some still refer the si- in sine to this root, others refer it to Proto-Indo-European *só (“this”), whence si (“if”). And as sometimes nesi was also written, with -ne being nē (“not”), sine might literally mean "not this". Compare with nisi.
Yet others refer sine to Proto-Indo-European *sen(H)i (“for oneself, without”), itself possibly related to *swé or more likely a locative of *senH-.[1] Thus cognate with Ancient Greek ᾰ̓́νευ (áneu), ἄτερ (áter, “without”), Old English sundor; compare especially Tocharian B snai and Old Irish sain (“separated, different”) (Proto-Celtic *sanis), which may reflect the original PIE adverb.
The ablative is from a PIE ablative of separation or a comitative-instrumental analogous to cum. Compare Sanskrit विना (vinā).
Preposition edit
sine (+ ablative)
- without
- Sum sine rēgnō.
- I am without a kingdom.
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
- Catalan: sense, Catalan: sens
- Franco-Provençal: sen
- Friulian: cence
- Galician: sen
- Italian: senza
- Old French: senz, sens, sans, san, saunce
- Portuguese: sem
- Sardinian: sine
- Spanish: sin
References edit
- ^ Adams, Douglas Q. (2013), “snai”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, pages 779–781
- “sine”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 907
Etymology 2 edit
Verb edit
sine
Middle Dutch edit
Determiner edit
sine
- inflection of sijn:
Middle English edit
Noun edit
sine
- Alternative form of synne
Neapolitan edit
Pronunciation edit
Particle edit
sine
Norwegian Bokmål edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Determiner edit
sine pl
See also edit
Number | Person | Type | Nominative | Oblique | Possessive | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
feminine | masculine | neuter | plural | |||||
Singular | First | – | jeg | meg | mi | min | mitt | mine |
Second | general | du | deg | di | din | ditt | dine | |
formal (rare) | De | Dem | Deres | |||||
Third | feminine (person) | hun | henne | hennes | ||||
masculine (person) | han | ham / han | hans | |||||
feminine (noun) | den | dens | ||||||
masculine (noun) | ||||||||
neuter (noun) | det | dets | ||||||
reflexive | – | seg | si | sin | sitt | sine | ||
Plural | First | – | vi | oss | vår | vårt | våre | |
Second | general | dere | deres | |||||
formal (very rare) | De | Dem | Deres | |||||
Third | general | de | dem | deres | ||||
reflexive | – | seg | si | sin | sitt | sine |
References edit
- “sin” in The Bokmål Dictionary / The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Anagrams edit
Norwegian Nynorsk edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Determiner edit
sine pl
References edit
- “sin” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Old English edit
Pronunciation edit
Pronoun edit
sīne
- inflection of sīn:
Old French edit
Noun edit
sine oblique singular, m (oblique plural sines, nominative singular sines, nominative plural sine)
- Alternative form of cisne
Noun edit
sine oblique singular, m (oblique plural sines, nominative singular sines, nominative plural sine)
- Alternative form of signe
Old Irish edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Celtic *sɸenyos, itself from Proto-Indo-European *pstḗn.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
sine m
Inflection edit
Usual declension:
Masculine io-stem | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | sine | sineL | siniL |
Vocative | sini | sineL | siniu |
Accusative | sineN | sineL | siniuH |
Genitive | siniL | sineL | sineN |
Dative | siniuL | sinib | sinib |
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
|
A variant dental-stem declension can also be found.
Masculine d-stem | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | sine | sinidL, sine | sinid |
Vocative | sine | sinidL, sine | sineda |
Accusative | sinidN | sinidL, sine | sineda |
Genitive | sined | sined | sinedN |
Dative | sinidL | sinedaib | sinedaib |
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
|
Descendants edit
Mutation edit
Old Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
sine | ṡine | unchanged |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Further reading edit
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “sine”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Pali edit
Alternative forms edit
Verb edit
sine
- optative active third-person singular of sinoti (“to bind”)
Polish edit
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
sine
- inflection of siny:
Romanian edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Latin sē, as with mine, tine.
Pronunciation edit
Pronoun edit
sine (stressed reflexive-accusative form of el, ea, ei, and ele)
- (direct object, preceded by preposition, such as "pe", "cu", "la", or "pentru") himself, herself, itself, themselves
- Synonym: (unstressed form) se
Scottish Gaelic edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Old Irish sine (“teat, dug, pap”), from Proto-Celtic *sɸenyos, from Proto-Indo-European *pstḗn. Cognate with Old Norse speni (“teat”), English spean (“teat (of a cow)”).
Noun edit
sine f (genitive singular sine, plural sinean)
Etymology 2 edit
Noun edit
sine f
- gin (drink)
Etymology 3 edit
From Old Irish sine (“old age, seniority, antiquity”), from sen (“old”).
Noun edit
sine f
Etymology 4 edit
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Adjective edit
sine
- comparative degree of sean (“old”)
Mutation edit
Scottish Gaelic mutation | |
---|---|
Radical | Lenition |
sine | shine after "an", t-sine |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
References edit
- Edward Dwelly (1911), “sine”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “1 sine”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “2 sine”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “3 sine”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Serbo-Croatian edit
Noun edit
sine (Cyrillic spelling сине)
- inflection of sina:
Tagalog edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Spanish cine, from a clipping of cinema, a reduction of cinematógrafo, from French cinématographe.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
sine (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜒᜈᜒ)
- film; movie
- Synonyms: pelikula, puting-tabing
- (dated) cinema; movie theater
- Synonym: sinehan
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Further reading edit
- “sine”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018