kultura
Basque edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Spanish cultura.
Pronunciation edit
Audio (file)
Noun edit
kultura inan
- culture
- euskal kultura ― Basque culture
- refinement, culture
Czech edit
Etymology edit
Derived from Latin cultūra (“cultivation; culture”),[1] from cultus, perfect passive participle of colō (“till, cultivate, worship”) (related to colōnus and colōnia), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷel- (“to move; to turn (around)”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
kultura f
- arts
- culture (arts, customs and habits)
- (microbiology) culture
Declension edit
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
References edit
- ^ "kultura" in Jiří Rejzek, Český etymologický slovník, electronic version, Leda, 2007
Further reading edit
Esperanto edit
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
kultura (accusative singular kulturan, plural kulturaj, accusative plural kulturajn)
Ladino edit
Etymology edit
From Latin cultūra (“culture”) (compare Spanish cultura), from cultus, perfect passive participle of colō (“I till, cultivate”).
Noun edit
kultura f (Latin spelling, Hebrew spelling קולטורה)
- culture
- kultura djudia ― Jewish culture
Related terms edit
Maltese edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Italian cultura.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
kultura f (plural kulturi)
- culture
- il-kultura Maltija ― Maltese culture
Related terms edit
Masurian edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
kultura f
- culture (level of civilization)
- culture (social spiritual and material achievements)
- culture (the conventional conducts and ideologies of a community; the system comprising the accepted norms and values of a society)
Further reading edit
Polish edit
Etymology edit
Internationalism; possibly borrowed from German Kultur or French culture, ultimately from Latin cultūra.[1][2][3][4] First attested in 1732.[5]
Pronunciation edit
- IPA(key): /kulˈtu.ra/
- (Middle Polish) IPA(key): /kulˈtu.ra/
Audio (file) - Rhymes: -ura
- Syllabification: kul‧tu‧ra
Noun edit
kultura f (diminutive kulturka, related adjective kulturowy, abbreviation kult.)
- (countable) culture (the arts, customs, lifestyles, background, and habits that characterize humankind, or a particular society or nation)
- (countable) culture (the beliefs, values, behaviour, and material objects that constitute a people's way of life)
- (uncountable) skill level (level of knowledge or ability in a given field)
- (uncountable) culture (the conventional conducts and ideologies of a community; the system comprising the accepted norms and values of a society)
- Synonyms: obycie, ogłada, okrzesanie
- (countable, microbiology) culture (the process of growing a bacterial or other biological entity in an artificial medium)
- (countable, botany, agriculture) culture (cultivation)
- (countable, agriculture) crops grown on a large field
- (agriculture) culture (structure of arable soil achieved as a result of agrotechnical treatments and rational management; also: these treatments and farming)
Declension edit
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Descendants edit
Trivia edit
According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), kultura is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 24 times in scientific texts, 55 times in news, 130 times in essays, 6 times in fiction, and 9 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 224 times, making it the 246th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[6]
References edit
- ^ Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “kultura”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
- ^ Sławski, Franciszek (1958-1965) “kultura”, in Jan Safarewicz, Andrzej Siudut, editors, Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), Kraków: Towarzystwo Miłośników Języka Polskiego
- ^ Mirosław Bańko, Lidia Wiśniakowska (2021) “kultura”, in Wielki słownik wyrazów obcych, →ISBN
- ^ Stanisław Dubisz, editor (2003), “kultura”, in Uniwersalny słownik języka polskiego [Universal dictionary of the Polish language][1] (in Polish), volumes 1-4, Warsaw: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN SA, →ISBN
- ^ Franciszek Gościecki (1732) Jadwiga Sokołowska, Kazimiera Żukowska, editors, Poeci polskiego Baroku (in Polish), volume 2, published 1965, POSELSTWO WIELKIE JAŚNIE WIELMOŻNEGO STANISŁAWA CHOMENTOWSKIEGO WOJEWODY MAZOWIECKIEGO OD NAJAŚNIEJSZEGO AUGUSTA II, KRÓLA POLSKIEGO, KSIĄŻĘCIA SASKIEGO..., page 461: “Większą pilność mają Grecy i cudzoziemcy, którzy tu mieszkają, Koło tego, albowiem jeden nad drugiego Przesadza się w kulturze wirydarza swego.”
- ^ Ida Kurcz (1990) “kultura”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language][2] (in Polish), volume 1, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 208
Further reading edit
- kultura in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- kultura in Polish dictionaries at PWN
- Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “kultura”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861[4]
- J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1902), “kultura”, in Słownik języka polskiego[5] (in Polish), volume 2, Warsaw, page 628
Serbo-Croatian edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
kultúra f (Cyrillic spelling култу́ра)
Declension edit
References edit
- “kultura” in Hrvatski jezični portal
Silesian edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
kultura f
- (countable) culture (the arts, customs, lifestyles, background, and habits that characterize humankind, or a particular society or nation)
- (uncountable) culture (the conventional conducts and ideologies of a community; the system comprising the accepted norms and values of a society)
Declension edit
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Further reading edit
- kultura in silling.org
Tagalog edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Spanish cultura (“culture”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
kultura (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜎ᜔ᜆᜓᜇ)
- culture
- Synonym: kalinangan
- civilization
- Synonyms: kabihasnan, sibilisasyon
Related terms edit
See also edit
References edit
- “kultura”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018