See also: něco and ñeco

Latin

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Etymology

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From nec- +‎ (denominative verb suffix), from Proto-Indo-European *neḱ- (perish, disappear).

See also noxius (harmful), noceō (I hurt, harm), nex (murder, violent death) (as opposed to mors), as well as Middle Welsh angheu (death), Breton ankou, Old Irish éc, Ancient Greek νέκυς (nékus, a dead body) and νεκρός (nekrós, dead), Old Persian 𐎻𐎴𐎰𐎹𐎫𐎹 (vi-n-θ-y-t-y /⁠vi-nathayatiy⁠/, he injures), Avestan 𐬥𐬀𐬯𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌 (nasiieiti, disappears), 𐬥𐬀𐬯𐬎- (nasu-, corpse), Sanskrit नश्यति (naśyati, to disappear, perish).

Pronunciation

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Verb

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necō (present infinitive necāre, perfect active necāvī, supine necātum); first conjugation

  1. to kill, murder (especially without physical wounding such as by poison or hunger)
    Synonyms: ēnecō, occīdō, interimō, cōnficiō, caedō, obtruncō, percutiō, interficiō, trucīdō, perimō, peragō, dēiciō, iugulō, sōpiō, tollō, absūmō, cōnsūmō
    aliquem igni necareto kill someone by fire (fire burning)
    aliquem ferro necareto kill someone by sword
  2. (figuratively) to thwart, check
  3. (Late Latin, Medieval Latin) (transitive) to drown

Conjugation

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   Conjugation of necō (first conjugation)
indicative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present necō necās necat necāmus necātis necant
imperfect necābam necābās necābat necābāmus necābātis necābant
future necābō necābis necābit necābimus necābitis necābunt
perfect necāvī necāvistī,
necāstī1
necāvit,
necāt1
necāvimus,
necāmus1
necāvistis,
necāstis1
necāvērunt,
necāvēre,
necārunt1
pluperfect necāveram,
necāram1
necāverās,
necārās1
necāverat,
necārat1
necāverāmus,
necārāmus1
necāverātis,
necārātis1
necāverant,
necārant1
future perfect necāverō,
necārō1
necāveris,
necāris1
necāverit,
necārit1
necāverimus,
necārimus1
necāveritis,
necāritis1
necāverint,
necārint1
passive present necor necāris,
necāre
necātur necāmur necāminī necantur
imperfect necābar necābāris,
necābāre
necābātur necābāmur necābāminī necābantur
future necābor necāberis,
necābere
necābitur necābimur necābiminī necābuntur
perfect necātus + present active indicative of sum
pluperfect necātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
future perfect necātus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive singular plural
first second third first second third
active present necem necēs necet necēmus necētis necent
imperfect necārem necārēs necāret necārēmus necārētis necārent
perfect necāverim,
necārim1
necāverīs,
necārīs1
necāverit,
necārit1
necāverīmus,
necārīmus1
necāverītis,
necārītis1
necāverint,
necārint1
pluperfect necāvissem,
necāssem1
necāvissēs,
necāssēs1
necāvisset,
necāsset1
necāvissēmus,
necāssēmus1
necāvissētis,
necāssētis1
necāvissent,
necāssent1
passive present necer necēris,
necēre
necētur necēmur necēminī necentur
imperfect necārer necārēris,
necārēre
necārētur necārēmur necārēminī necārentur
perfect necātus + present active subjunctive of sum
pluperfect necātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present necā necāte
future necātō necātō necātōte necantō
passive present necāre necāminī
future necātor necātor necantor
non-finite forms active passive
present perfect future present perfect future
infinitives necāre necāvisse,
necāsse1
necātūrum esse necārī necātum esse necātum īrī
participles necāns necātūrus necātus necandus
verbal nouns gerund supine
genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
necandī necandō necandum necandō necātum necātū

1At least one rare poetic syncopated perfect form is attested.

Derived terms

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Descendants

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Nearly all with the sense of 'drown'.

References

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  • neco”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • neco”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • neco in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • neco in Enrico Olivetti, editor (2003-2024), Dizionario Latino, Olivetti Media Communication
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
    • to perish in the flames: igni cremari, necari
    • to be starved to death (as punishment): fame necari
  • neco”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • neco”, in William Smith, editor (1848), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, London: John Murray