solvo

Esperanto

Etymology

From solvi +‎ -o.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈsolvo/
Rhymes: -olvo
Hyphenation: sol‧vo

Noun

solvo (accusative singular solvon, plural solvoj, accusative plural solvojn)

solution

Italian

Verb

solvo

first-person singular present indicative of solvere

Anagrams

svolo, svolò

Latin

Alternative forms

soluō

Etymology

From se- (“away”) +‎ luō (“to untie, set free, separate”).

Pronunciation

(Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈsol.u̯oː/, [ˈs̠ɔɫ̪u̯oː]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈsol.vo/, [ˈsɔlvo]

Verb

solvō (present infinitive solvere, perfect active solvī, supine solūtum); third conjugation

to loosen, untie, undo; free [up], release, acquit, exempt
Synonyms: rumpo, persolvo, absolvo, explicō, distraho, dissolvo

Antonyms: ligō, colligō, illigō, cōnserō, cōnfīgō, adalligō, alligō, dēligō, nectō, cōnectō, dēfīgō, fīgō
to solve, explain
to dissolve, break up, separate
similia similibus solvuntur
Like dissolves like.
to relax, slacken, weaken
- 23 BCE – 13 BCE, Horace, Odes 2.2.4–7:
  Vīvet extentō Proculeius aevō,
  nōtus in frātrēs animī paternī;
  illum aget pennā metuente solvī
  Fāma superstes.
  Proculeius shall live an extended age,
  well known for his fatherly spirit to his brothers;
  him will bear with feather scorning to be relaxed
  enduring Fame.
to cancel, remove, destroy
Synonym: cancellō
to pay up, fulfil
Synonyms: ērogō, pendo, persolvo, luo, absolvo, dissolvo
to undermine
(figuratively) (emotion, feelings) to get rid of, let go of, release, dismiss, loosen
- 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 1.562:
  “Solvite corde metum, Teucrī, sēclūdite cūrās.”
  “Release the fear within your heart[s], Teucrians, [and] banish worries.”
  (Dido tells the Trojan envoys to “unbind” the inner physical tension which follows intense emotion.)
to let down (hair)
to open (a letter)
to unfurl
to raise (a siege)
to dismiss (troops)
to set sail (ships)

Conjugation

Conjugation of solvō (third conjugation)

indicative		singular				plural
indicative		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	solvō	solvis		solvit	solvimus	solvitis		solvunt
	imperfect	solvēbam	solvēbās		solvēbat	solvēbāmus	solvēbātis		solvēbant
	future	solvam	solvēs		solvet	solvēmus	solvētis		solvent
	perfect	solvī	solvistī		solvit	solvimus	solvistis		solvērunt, solvēre
	pluperfect	solveram	solverās		solverat	solverāmus	solverātis		solverant
	future perfect	solverō	solveris		solverit	solverimus	solveritis		solverint
passive	present	solvor	solveris, solvere		solvitur	solvimur	solviminī		solvuntur
	imperfect	solvēbar	solvēbāris, solvēbāre		solvēbātur	solvēbāmur	solvēbāminī		solvēbantur
	future	solvar	solvēris, solvēre		solvētur	solvēmur	solvēminī		solventur
	perfect	solūtus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	solūtus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	solūtus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular				plural
subjunctive		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	solvam	solvās		solvat	solvāmus	solvātis		solvant
	imperfect	solverem	solverēs		solveret	solverēmus	solverētis		solverent
	perfect	solverim	solverīs		solverit	solverīmus	solverītis		solverint
	pluperfect	solvissem	solvissēs		solvisset	solvissēmus	solvissētis		solvissent
passive	present	solvar	solvāris, solvāre		solvātur	solvāmur	solvāminī		solvantur
	imperfect	solverer	solverēris, solverēre		solverētur	solverēmur	solverēminī		solverentur
	perfect	solūtus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	solūtus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular				plural
imperative		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	—	solve		—	—	solvite		—
active	future	—	solvitō		solvitō	—	solvitōte		solvuntō
passive	present	—	solvere		—	—	solviminī		—
passive	future	—	solvitor		solvitor	—	—		solvuntor
non-finite forms		infinitive				participle
non-finite forms		active		passive		active		passive
present		solvere		solvī		solvēns		—
future		solūtūrum esse		solūtum īrī		solūtūrus		solvendus
perfect		solvisse		solūtum esse		—		solūtus
future perfect		—		solūtum fore		—		—
perfect potential		solūtūrum fuisse		—		—		—
verbal nouns		gerund					supine
		genitive	dative		accusative	ablative	accusative		ablative
		solvendī	solvendō		solvendum	solvendō	solūtum		solūtū

Derived terms

Descendants

→ English: solve
→ Esperanto: solvi
French: soudre
Italian: solvere
Old Catalan: soldre
Portuguese: solver
Romanian: solvi
Sicilian: sòrviri
Spanish: solver

References

“solvo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“solvo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
solvo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
- to awake: somno solvi
- to perform the last rites for a person: iusta facere, solvere alicui
- to decide, determine a question: quaestionem solvere
- to open a letter: epistulam solvere, aperire, resignare (of Romans also linum incīdere)
- to accomplish, pay a vow: vota solvere, persolvere, reddere
- to pay money: pecuniam solvere
- to repay a loan: pecuniam creditam solvere
- to pay one's debts: nomina (cf. sect. XIII. 3) solvere, dissolvere, exsolvere
- to pay one's old debts by making new: versurā solvere, dissolvere (Att. 5. 15. 2)
- to free from legal obligations: legibus solvere
- to suffer punishment: poenas dependere, expendere, solvere, persolvere
- to weigh anchor, sail: solvere (B. G. 4. 28)
- to weigh anchor, sail: navem (naves) solvere
- the ships sail from the harbour: naves ex portu solvunt
De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN