脫
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Translingual edit
Han character edit
脫 (Kangxi radical 130, 肉+7, 11 strokes, cangjie input 月金口山 (BCRU) or 難月金口山 (XBCRU), four-corner 78216, composition ⿰⺼兌(HT) or ⿰月兌(GK))
Derived characters edit
References edit
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 984, character 12
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29539
- Dae Jaweon: page 1436, character 24
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2081, character 1
- Unihan data for U+812B
Chinese edit
| trad. | 脫/脱 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 脱 | |
| alternative forms | 挩／捝 說／说 | |
Glyph origin edit
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 毤 | *l̥ʰoːds |
| 蛻 | *l'oːds, *l̥ʰoːds, *hljods, *lod, *lod |
| 娧 | *l̥ʰoːds, *lod |
| 駾 | *l̥ʰoːds |
| 裞 | *l̥ʰoːds, *hljods |
| 兌 | *l'oːds |
| 綐 | *l'oːds |
| 銳 | *l'oːds, *lods |
| 帨 | *stʰods, *hljods |
| 稅 | *hljods |
| 說 | *hljods, *hljod, *lod |
| 涚 | *hljods |
| 䫄 | *rtʰoːd |
| 脫 | *l̥ʰoːd, *l'oːd |
| 侻 | *l̥ʰoːd |
| 挩 | *l̥ʰoːd, *l'oːd |
| 莌 | *l̥ʰoːd, *l'oːd |
| 梲 | *l̥ʰoːd, *ʔljod, *l̥ʰuːd |
| 鮵 | *l'oːd |
| 敓 | *l'oːd |
| 痥 | *l'oːd |
| 悅 | *lod, *lod |
| 閱 | *lod |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l̥ʰoːd, *l'oːd) : semantic ⺼ + phonetic 兌 (OC *l'oːds).
Etymology edit
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g/s-lwat (“free; release; slip; dislocate”) (STEDT; Schuessler, 2007).
- Within Chinese, cognate with 蛻 (OC *l̥ʰoːds, “exuviae (skin cast off during molting)”), 愉 (OC *lo, “relax > happy, pleased”), 悅 (OC lod, “contented”), 說 (OC *hljod, “to speak, to explain”), 說 (OC *hljods, “to persuade”), 偷 (OC *l̥ʰoː, “to steal”), 奪 (OC *Cə.lˁot, “to rob, to snatch”);
- Outside Chinese, cognate with Tibetan གློད་པ (glod pa, “loosen, relax, slacken”), Tibetan ཧློད་པ (hlod pa, “loose, relaxed”), Lepcha [script needed] (flját, fljót), Burmese လွှတ် (hlwat), Burmese ချွတ် (hkywat).
In its use in Northern Wu languages, such as Shanghainese, Suzhounese, and Ningbonese, as well as Lower Yangtze Mandarin, it is likely from a grammaticalisation of the verb. Compare with 落 (Wuxi, Changzhou) and 掉 (Haining, Danyang)
Pronunciation 1 edit
Definitions edit
脫
- to take off (clothes); to peel off; to strip
- to get away from; to escape; to leave; to avoid
- to leave out; to miss; to omit
- rapid; swift; fast
- unaffected; free; at ease
- (Xiamen and Quanzhou Hokkien) to collapse; to pass out; to fall in a faint
- (Ningbonese and Shanghainese) and
- (Northern Wu, Jianghuai Mandarin) Used to indicate a negative outcome to a verb.
Usage notes edit
- (Northern Wu): see 脫了#Usage notes
Synonyms edit
Dialectal synonyms of 脫 (“to take off (clothes)”) [map]
Compounds edit
- 三解脫門／三解脱门
- 以脫／以脱
- 佻脫／佻脱
- 倒脫靴／倒脱靴
- 停停脫脫／停停脱脱
- 兔脫／兔脱
- 出脫／出脱 (chūtuō)
- 剝脫／剥脱
- 動如脫兔／动如脱兔
- 區脫／区脱
- 品脫／品脱 (pǐntuō)
- 大疏脫／大疏脱
- 失支脫節／失支脱节
- 密司脫／密司脱
- 對脫／对脱
- 展脫／展脱
- 度脫／度脱
- 打脫／打脱
- 打脫冒／打脱冒
- 拉脫維亞／拉脱维亚 (Lātuōwéiyà)
- 挺脫／挺脱
- 掣脫／掣脱
- 捽脫／捽脱
- 掙脫／挣脱 (zhèngtuō)
- 推脫／推脱 (tuītuō)
- 換骨脫胎／换骨脱胎
- 搳脫／搳脱
- 撇脫／撇脱
- 撤脫／撤脱
- 擺脫／摆脱 (bǎituō)
- 攦脫／𰓬脱
- 敗脫／败脱
- 書缺簡脫／书缺简脱
- 條脫／条脱
- 沒頭脫柄／没头脱柄
- 洗脫／洗脱 (xǐtuō)
- 活脫／活脱
- 渾脫／浑脱
- 溜脫／溜脱
- 漆桶底脫／漆桶底脱
- 漏脫／漏脱 (lòutuō)
- 甌脫／瓯脱 (ōutuō)
- 甩脫／甩脱
- 疝脫／疝脱
- 發脫／发脱
- 發脫口齒／发脱口齿
- 白脫油／白脱油
- 碗脫／碗脱
- 穎脫／颖脱
- 穎脫而出／颖脱而出 (yǐngtuō'érchū)
- 窩脫銀／窝脱银
- 縱脫／纵脱
- 脫位／脱位 (tuōwèi)
- 脫俗／脱俗 (tuōsú)
- 脫俗之交／脱俗之交
- 脫光／脱光 (tuōguāng)
- 脫兔／脱兔
- 脫剝／脱剥
- 脫卯／脱卯
- 脫卸／脱卸
- 脫口／脱口 (tuōkǒu)
- 脫口成章／脱口成章
- 脫口秀／脱口秀 (tuōkǒuxiù)
- 脫口而出／脱口而出
- 脫命／脱命
- 脫售／脱售
- 脫困／脱困 (tuōkùn)
- 脫垢離塵／脱垢离尘
- 脫孝／脱孝
- 脫屣／脱屣
- 脫帽／脱帽
- 脫帽露頂／脱帽露顶
- 脫序／脱序
- 脫悶／脱闷
- 脫懶／脱懒
- 脫手／脱手 (tuōshǒu)
- 脫文／脱文
- 脫易／脱易
- 脫星／脱星
- 脫期／脱期 (tuōqī)
- 脫檔／脱档
- 脫殼／脱壳
- 脫殼金蟬／脱壳金蝉
- 脫毛／脱毛 (tuōmáo)
- 脫氧／脱氧 (tuōyǎng)
- 脫水／脱水 (tuōshuǐ)
- 脫水劑／脱水剂 (tuōshuǐjì)
- 脫水機／脱水机
- 脫水食品／脱水食品
- 脫汗／脱汗
- 脫滑／脱滑
- 脫漏／脱漏 (tuōlòu)
- 脫然／脱然
- 脫班／脱班 (tuōbān)
- 脫產／脱产 (tuōchǎn)
- 脫略／脱略
- 脫白換綠／脱白换绿
- 脫皮／脱皮 (tuōpí)
- 脫皮裹劑／脱皮裹剂
- 脫禁／脱禁
- 脫稍兒／脱稍儿
- 脫稿／脱稿 (tuōgǎo)
- 脫穀機／脱谷机
- 脫穎／脱颖
- 脫穎囊錐／脱颖囊锥
- 脫穎而出／脱颖而出 (tuōyǐng'érchū)
- 脫空／脱空
- 脫節／脱节 (tuōjié)
- 脫簡／脱简
- 脫籍／脱籍
- 脫粒／脱粒 (tuōlì)
- 脫粟／脱粟
- 脫網就淵／脱网就渊
- 脫罪／脱罪 (tuōzuì)
- 脫羽／脱羽 (tuōyú)
- 脫肛／脱肛 (tuōgāng)
- 脫肩／脱肩
- 脫胎／脱胎 (tuōtāi)
- 脫胎換骨／脱胎换骨 (tuōtāihuàngǔ)
- 脫脂／脱脂 (tuōzhī)
- 脫脂奶粉／脱脂奶粉
- 脫脂棉／脱脂棉
- 脫腸／脱肠
- 脫膊／脱膊
- 脫膠／脱胶
- 脫臭／脱臭
- 脫臼／脱臼 (tuōjiù)
- 脫色／脱色 (tuōsè)
- 脫落／脱落 (tuōluò)
- 脫蛹／脱蛹
- 脫蠟／脱蜡
- 脫誤／脱误
- 脫貧／脱贫 (tuōpín)
- 脫身／脱身 (tuōshēn)
- 脫身計／脱身计
- 脫軌／脱轨 (tuōguǐ)
- 脫輻／脱辐
- 脫逃／脱逃 (tuōtáo)
- 脫鉤／脱钩 (tuōgōu)
- 脫銷／脱销 (tuōxiāo)
- 脫除／脱除
- 脫陰／脱阴
- 脫陽／脱阳
- 脫險／脱险 (tuōxiǎn)
- 脫難／脱难
- 脫離／脱离 (tuōlí)
- 脫離常軌／脱离常轨
- 脫離苦海／脱离苦海
- 脫離速度／脱离速度
- 脫靴／脱靴
- 脫靶／脱靶 (tuōbǎ)
- 脫韁之馬／脱缰之马
- 脫韁馬／脱缰马
- 脫體／脱体
- 脫髮／脱发 (tuōfà)
- 脫鹽／脱盐 (tuōyán)
- 脫黨／脱党
- 臨陣脫逃／临阵脱逃 (línzhèntuōtáo)
- 虛脫／虚脱 (xūtuō)
- 解脫／解脱 (jiětuō)
- 訛脫／讹脱 (étuō)
- 豁脫／豁脱
- 走脫／走脱 (zǒutuō)
- 超群脫俗／超群脱俗
- 超脫／超脱 (chāotuō)
- 跳脫／跳脱
- 踢脫／踢脱
- 蹬脫／蹬脱
- 輕脫／轻脱
- 逃脫／逃脱 (táotuō)
- 通脫／通脱
- 透脫／透脱
- 逋脫／逋脱
- 通脫不拘／通脱不拘
- 通脫木／通脱木
- 金蟬脫殼／金蝉脱壳
- 開脫／开脱 (kāituō)
- 離脫／离脱
- 頓不脫／顿不脱
- 頓脫／顿脱
- 鬆脫／松脱
Descendants edit
Others:
- → Ahom: 𑜌𑜨𑜄𑜫 (thot)
- → Lao: ຖອດ (thǭt)
- → Lü: ᦏᦸᧆᧈ (ṫhoad¹)
- → Northern Thai: ᨳᩬᨯ
- → Tai Dón: ꪖꪮꪒ
- → Tai Nüa: ᥗᥨᥖᥱ (thǒt)
- → Thai: ถอด (tɔ̀ɔt)
- → Shan: ထွတ်ႇ (thàut)
Pronunciation 2 edit
Definitions edit
脫
References edit
- “脫”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese edit
| 脱 | |
| 脫 |
Kanji edit
脫
(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 脱)
Readings edit
- Go-on: だち (dachi); たい (tai)
- Kan-on: だつ (datsu); たい (tai)
- Kun: ぬぐ (nugu, 脫ぐ); ぬける (nukeru, 脫ける); ぬげる (nugeru, 脫げる)
Usage notes edit
This form is extremely rare in Japanese. The current form of 脱 has seen some use before 1946.
Further reading edit
- Image at Waseda University of the foreword from 代微積拾級訳解 (Dai Biseki Jikkyū Yakkai), an 1872 Japanese translation of the 1851 book Elements of Analytical Geometry and of the Differential and Integral Calculus by Elias Loomis; this rare character form is seen in roughly the center of the leftmost column of text on that page.
Korean edit
Hanja edit
脫 • (tal, tae) (hangeul 탈, 태, McCune–Reischauer t'al, t'ae, Yale thal, thay)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Vietnamese edit
Han character edit
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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