規矩

See also: 规矩

Chinese

		compass; rule	carpenter's square; rule
trad. (規矩)		規	矩
simp. (规矩)		规	矩

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): guījǔ

  (Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄟ ㄐㄩˇ

  (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): гуйҗү (guyžü, I-II)

• Cantonese (Jyutping): kwai¹ geoi²
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kûi-kí
• Jin (Wiktionary): gui¹ jy³
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): kui-kír / kui-kú / kui-kí

  (Teochew, Peng'im): gui¹ ge²

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: guījǔ → guīju (toneless final syllable variant)
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄟ ㄐㄩˇ → ㄍㄨㄟ ˙ㄐㄩ (toneless final syllable variant)
    • Tongyong Pinyin: gueijyů
    • Wade–Giles: kuei¹-chü⁵
    • Yale: gwēi-jyu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guei.jeu
    • Palladius: гуйцзюй (gujczjuj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ku̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ t͡ɕy²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/ → /ku̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ d͡ʑ̥y²/
  • (Dungan)
    • Cyrillic and Wiktionary: гуйҗү (guyžü, I-II)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kuei²⁴ t͡ɕy⁵¹/

    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: kwai¹ geoi²
    • Yale: kwāi géui
    • Cantonese Pinyin: kwai¹ goey²
    • Guangdong Romanization: kuei¹ gêu²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʷʰɐi̯⁵⁵ kɵy̯³⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kûi-kí
    • Hakka Romanization System: gui´ gi`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: gui¹ gi³
    • Sinological IPA: /ku̯i²⁴ ki³¹/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: gui¹ jy³
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /kuei¹¹ t͡ɕy⁴⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kui-kír
    • Tâi-lô: kui-kír
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kui³³ kɯ⁵⁵⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Taipei, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kui-kú
    • Tâi-lô: kui-kú
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kui'kuo
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kui⁴⁴⁻²² ku⁵³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kui⁴⁴⁻³³ ku⁵³/
  • (Hokkien: Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kui-kí
    • Tâi-lô: kui-kí
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kui'kie
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kui⁴⁴⁻²² ki⁵³/
    • IPA (Jinjiang, Philippines): /kui³³ ki⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kui⁴⁴⁻³³ ki⁴¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: gui¹ ge²
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kui kṳ́
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kui³³⁻²³ kɯ⁵²/

---

• Middle Chinese: kjwie kjuX

Rime
Character	規	矩
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	支 (12)	虞 (24)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Closed
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	居隋切	俱雨切
Baxter	kjwie	kjuX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kiuᴇ/	/kɨoX/
Pan Wuyun	/kʷiɛ/	/kioX/
Shao Rongfen	/kjuɛ/	/kioX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kwiə̆/	/kuə̆X/
Li Rong	/kiue/	/kioX/
Wang Li	/kǐwe/	/kĭuX/
Bernard Karlgren	/kwie̯/	/ki̯uX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	guī	jǔ
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gwai1	geoi2

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*kʷe  [k]ʷ(r)aʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*kʷel  kʷaʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	規	矩
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	guī	jǔ
Middle Chinese	‹ kjwie ›	‹ kjuX ›
Old Chinese	/*kʷe/	/*[k]ʷ(r)aʔ/
English	compass, circle	carpenter"s square
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	規	矩
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	4604	7059
Phonetic component	規	巨
Rime group	歌	魚
Rime subdivision	3	0
Corresponding MC rime	𩓸	矩
Old Chinese	/*kʷel/	/*kʷaʔ/
Notes	小徐見聲，與圜同源；古亦同窺，夫或癸省文

Noun

規矩

1. (literal, Classical) compass and set square
2. (figurative) rule; custom; established practice
3. (figurative) social etiquette; manners; formality

   你家裡人有沒有教過你什麼是規矩啊。 [MSC, trad.]
   你家里人有没有教过你什么是规矩啊。 [MSC, simp.]

   Nǐ jiālǐrén yǒu méi yǒu jiāo guò nǐ shénme shì guījǔ a. [Pinyin]

   Didn't your family teach you any manners?

Synonyms

• (rule):

• 例 (lì) (literary, or in compounds)
• 則度／则度 (zédù) (literary)
• 守則／守则 (shǒuzé)
• 方案 (fāng'àn)
• 條例／条例 (tiáolì)
• 條規／条规 (tiáoguī)
• 法度 (fǎdù)
• 程度 (chéngdù) (archaic)
• 紀綱／纪纲 (jìgāng) (literary)
• 綱目／纲目 (gāngmù) (Classical Chinese)
• 繩墨／绳墨 (shéngmò) (figurative)
• 規／规 (literary, or in compounds)
• 規則／规则 (guīzé)
• 規定／规定 (guīdìng)
• 規條／规条 (guītiáo)
• 規準／规准 (guīzhǔn) (literary)

 

• (social etiquette):

• 下數／下数 (Hakka)
• 儀禮／仪礼 (yílǐ)
• 形跡／形迹 (xíngjì)
• 禮制／礼制 (lǐzhì)
• 禮數／礼数 (lǐshù)
• 禮法／礼法 (lǐfǎ)
• 禮節／礼节 (lǐjié)
• 禮貌／礼貌 (lǐmào)
• 禮路／礼路 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
• 體統／体统 (tǐtǒng)
• 體面／体面 (tǐmiàn)

 

See also

• 程序 (chéngxù)
• 章法 (zhāngfǎ)

Adjective

規矩

1. conforming to standards
2. well-behaved

Synonyms

• (well-behaved): 禮貌／礼貌 (lǐmào), 體面／体面 (tǐmiàn)

Adverb

規矩

1. according to practice, precedent or convention

Verb

規矩

1. (literary) to imitate; to simulate; to mock
2. to discipline; to train; to cultivate

Synonyms

• (to imitate):

• 仿效 (fǎngxiào)
• 仿照 (fǎngzhào)
• 擬／拟 (nǐ) (literary, or in compounds)
• 效仿 (xiàofǎng)
• 模仿 (mófǎng)
• 模擬／模拟 (mónǐ)
• 臨摹／临摹 (línmó) (a model of calligraphy, painting, etc.)

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (規矩):

• → Japanese: 規矩(きく) (kiku)
• → Korean: 규구(規矩) (gyugu)
• → Vietnamese: quy củ (規矩)