iron

English

A pot of melted raw iron.
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Etymology

The position of the element iron in the periodic table, and its structure.

From Middle English iren, a rhotacism of Old English īsern, īsærn, īren, īsen, from Proto-Germanic *īsarną (compare Dutch ijzer, West Frisian izer, German Eisen, Danish jern), from Gaulish īsarno-, from Proto-Celtic *īsarno- (compare Welsh haearn, Irish iarann), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésh₂r̥ (“blood”) (compare Hittite 𒌍𒄩𒅈 (ešḫar), Tocharian A ysār, Latvian asinis, Ancient Greek ἔαρ (ear), Old Armenian արիւն (ariwn), Sanskrit असृज् (asṛj)).[1][2] The sense development runs from 'blood' to 'blood red' to 'ruddy metal'.

An electric clothes iron.

Pronunciation

Chemical element
Fe Previous: manganese (Mn)
Next: cobalt (Co)

Metathesized or syncopated from original IPA: /ˈaɪɹən/.

Noun

iron (countable and uncountable; plural irons)

  1. (uncountable) A common, inexpensive metal, often black in color, that rusts, is attracted by magnets, and is used in making steel.
  2. (uncountable, physics, chemistry, metallurgy) A metallic chemical element having atomic number 26, and symbol Fe.
  3. (uncountable, countable, metallurgy) Any material, not a steel, predominantly made of elemental iron.
    wrought iron, ductile iron, cast iron, pig iron, gray iron
  4. (countable) A tool or appliance made of metal, which is heated and then used to transfer heat to something else; most often a thick piece of metal fitted with a handle and having a flat, roughly triangular bottom, which is heated and used to press wrinkles from clothing, and now usually containing an electrical heating apparatus.
  5. (usually plural, irons) shackles.
  6. (slang) A handgun.
  7. (uncountable) A dark shade of the colour/color silver.
  8. (Cockney rhyming slang, shortened from iron hoof, rhyming with poof; countable, offensive) A male homosexual.
  9. (golf) A golf club used for middle-distance shots.

Quotations

Synonyms

Hypernyms

Hyponyms

  • (shackles): leg irons
  • (golf club): driving iron, long iron, short iron, 1-iron, 2-iron, 3-iron, 4-iron, 5-iron, 6-iron, 7-iron, 8-iron, 9-iron,

Meronyms

Holonyms

  • (metallic chemical element): molecule (sometimes)

Coordinate terms

  • (tool for pressing clothing): mangle

Derived terms

terms derived from noun "iron"

Related terms

Translations

element
for pressing clothes
shackles — see shackles
shade of the colour silver
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Help:How to check translations.
Translations to be checked

See also

See also

References

  1. ^ Donald A. Ringe, From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (Oxford: Oxford, 2006), 296.
  2. ^ J.P. Mallory and Donald Q. Adams, Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture, s.v. "blood" (London: Fitzroy Dearborn, 1999).

Adjective

iron (comparative more iron, superlative most iron)

  1. (not comparable) Made of the metal iron.
  2. (figuratively) Strong (as of will), inflexible.
    She had an iron will.
    He held on with an iron grip.
    an iron constitution

Synonyms

Hypernyms

Hyponyms

See also

Derived terms

terms derived from adjective "iron"
  • ironly
  • iron lung
  • iron mike
  • iron oak
  • iron paper
  • iron sleep
  • iron slumber
  • iron walls
  • iron wedding
  • iron-willed
  • iron-witted
  • iron-worded

Translations

made of iron
strong, inflexible

Verb

iron (third-person singular simple present irons, present participle ironing, simple past and past participle ironed)

  1. (transitive) To pass an iron over (clothing or some other item made of cloth) in order to remove creases.
  2. (transitive, archaic) To shackle with irons; to fetter or handcuff.
    • Sir Walter Scott
      Ironed like a malefactor.
  3. (transitive) To furnish or arm with iron.
    to iron a wagon

Synonyms

  • (to pass an iron over): press

Coordinate terms

  • (to pass an iron over): mangle

Descendants

Derived terms

Related terms

Translations

to pass an iron over clothing
to shackle with irons
to furnish or arm with iron

Anagrams

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Japanese

Romanization

iron

  1. See いろん
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Last modified on 19 May 2013, at 18:59