бог

See also: Appendix:Variations of "bog"

Belarusian

Etymology

Inherited from Old Belarusian богъ (boh), from Proto-Slavic *bogъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [box]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

бог • (boh) m pers (genitive бо́га, nominative plural багі́, genitive plural баго́ў, feminine багі́ня, relational adjective бо́жы or бо́скі, diminutive бажо́к)

1. god

   бо́жа мой! ― bóža moj! ― oh my god!

Declension

Declension of бог (pr velar masc-form accent-c)

	singular	plural
nominative	бог boh	багі́ bahí
genitive	бо́га bóha	баго́ў bahóŭ
dative	бо́гу bóhu	бага́м bahám
accusative	бо́га bóha	баго́ў bahóŭ
instrumental	бо́гам bóham	бага́мі bahámi
locative	бо́зе bózje	бага́х baháx
vocative	бо́жа bóža	—
count form	—	бо́гі1 bóhi1

¹Used with the numbers 2, 3, 4 and higher numbers after 20 ending in 2, 3, and 4.

References

• “бог” in Belarusian–Russian dictionaries and Belarusian dictionaries at slounik.org

Bulgarian

Etymology

Inherited from Old Church Slavonic богъ (bogŭ), from Proto-Slavic *bogъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [bɔk]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

бог • (bog) m (feminine боги́ня, relational adjective бо́жи or бо́жески)

1. god → the God (in monotheism) / male deity (in polytheism)

   Synonym: (in Muslim theology) алла́х (alláh)

   ма́ли бог ― máli bog ― little god (in the context of Christianity: Jesus Christ)

   целомъ́дрий бог ― celomǎ́drij bog ― all-wise god

   всеопроща́ващ бог ― vseoproštávašt bog ― all-forgiving god

   за бо́га ― za bóga ― for God's sake

   с на́ми Бог ― s námi Bog ― God with us

   Сла́ва Бо́гу! ― Sláva Bógu! ― Thank God! (literally, “Glory to God!”)

   Помилу́й Бо́же / Сми́ли се нам Бо́же! ― Pomilúj Bóže / Smíli se nam Bóže! ― Oh God, be merciful / have mercy on us!

   дай Бо́же / да да́ва Бог ― daj Bóže / da dáva Bog ― Oh God, let it happen

   дал Бог ... ― dal Bog ... ― given ... by God

Declension

Declension of бог

	singular	plural
indefinite	бог bog	богове́, бо́зи1 bogové, bózi1
definite (subject form)	бо́гът bógǎt	богове́те, бо́зите1 bogovéte, bózite1
definite (object form)	бо́га bóga
count form	—	бо́га bóga
vocative form	бо́же bóže	богове́, бо́зи1 bogové, bózi1
dative form	бо́гу bógu	—

¹Archaic.

Derived terms

• бог- (bog-)
  • Бо́гдан m (Bógdan), Богда́на f (Bogdána) (personal names)
• бого- (bogo-)
  • Богоми́л m (Bogomíl), Богоми́ла f (Bogomíla) (personal names)
  • богови́дец (bogovídec, “theopath”)
  • богосло́в (bogoslóv), богосло́вец (bogoslóvec, “theologian”)
    • богосло́вие (bogoslóvie, “theology”)
  • богобо́рие (bogobórie, “theomachy”)
  • богоявле́ние (bogojavlénie, “theophany”)
  • богобоязли́в (bogobojazlív, “fearing God”)
  • боголюби́в (bogoljubív, “loving God”)
  • богоноси́в (bogonosív, “carrying God within”)
  • богопома́зан (bogopomázan, “anointed by God”)
  • богоподо́бен (bogopodóben, “godlike”)
  • богоуго́ден (bogougóden, “god-pleasing”)
  • богочести́в (bogočestív, “honoring God”)
• божи- (boži-)
  • Божида́р m (Božidár), Божида́ра f (Božidára) (personal names)
  • Божими́р m (Božimír), Божими́ра f (Božimíra) (personal names)
• богу́вам (bogúvam, “to act as God”)
• божи́ч (božíč), божи́к (božík, “God's child, little god”) (dialectal)
• полубо́г (polubóg, “demigod”)
• сбо́гом (sbógom, “farewell”) (literally: with God /instr. case/)
• бо́жие (bóžie, “theism”) (obsolete)
  • еднобо́жие (ednobóžie, “monotheism”)
  • многобо́жие (mnogobóžie, “polytheism”)
  • безбо́жие (bezbóžie, “impiety”)
    • безбо́жник m (bezbóžnik), безбо́жница f (bezbóžnica, “atheist”)
• боже́ство (božéstvo, “deity”)
  • боже́ствен (božéstven, “divine”)

Related terms

• бога́т (bogát, “rich”)
• богои́н (bogoín), багаи́н (bagaín, “Old Bulgarian aristocratic title”) (historical)

References

• “бог”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• “бог”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010

Carpathian Rusyn

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *bogъ.

Noun

бог • (boh)

1. god

Further reading

• Kercha, Ihor (2012) Словник русько-русинськый: у 2 т. [Russian-Rusyn Dictionary: in 2 vols] (overall work in Russian and Carpathian Rusyn), Uzhhorod: PoliPrint

Macedonian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *bogъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [bɔk]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: бог
• Homophones: Бог (Bog), бок (bok)
• Rhymes: -ɔk

Noun

бог • (bog) m (feminine божица, relational adjective божји or божествен)

1. god

Declension

Declension of бог

	singular	plural
indefinite	бог	богови
definite unspecified	богот	боговите
definite proximal	богов	боговиве
definite distal	богон	боговине
vocative	боже	богови
count form	—	бога

References

• “бог” in Дигитален речник на македонскиот јазик (Digitalen rečnik na makedonskiot jazik) [Digital dictionary of the Macedonian language] − drmj.eu

Russian

Alternative forms

• богъ (box) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *bogъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [box] (phonetic respelling: бох)

• Audio:

  (file)

• IPA^(key): [bok] (rare, proscribed)
• In the nominative singular, the word is usually pronounced /box/ due to Church Slavonic influence. The regular pronunciation /bok/ is used only rarely (mostly for pagan deities) and is not recommended. In all other case forms, the regular /ɡ/ is now more common, though /ɣ/ was formerly used.

Noun

бог • (box) m anim (genitive бо́га, nominative plural бо́ги, genitive plural бого́в, feminine боги́ня, relational adjective бо́жий or бо́жеский or боже́ственный, diminutive божо́к or бо́женька)

1. God
   • 2018, Ploho [Ploho] (lyrics and music), “У бога есть ад [U boga jestʹ ad]”, in Куда птицы улетают умирать‎^[1]:

     Никому́ не спря́таться за те́нью огра́д,
     Ты э́то зна́ешь сам, ка́ждый зна́ет сам.
     Ведь да́же у бо́га есть свой ад,
     Э́то его́ любо́вь к нам, э́то его́ любовь к нам...

     Nikomú ne sprjátatʹsja za ténʹju ográd,
     Ty éto znáješʹ sam, káždyj znájet sam.
     Vedʹ dáže u bóga jestʹ svoj ad,
     Éto jevó ljubóvʹ k nam, éto jevó ljubovʹ k nam...

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

2. god, idol

   бог его́ зна́ет ― box jevó znájet ― God (only) knows; goodness knows

   бо́же мой ― bóže moj ― oh my God

   бог с ним ― box s nim ― forget it/him

   дай бог ― daj box ― God willing

   ей-бо́гу ― jej-bógu ― really!; by God!; honest to God

   ра́ди бо́га ― rádi bóga ― for God’s sake

   сохрани́ бо́же ― soxraní bóže ― heaven help; heaven preserve; God forbid

   сла́ва бо́гу ― sláva bógu ― thank God

Usage notes

• Usually not capitalized in Russian in the sense of idol, or when referring to a single god with a polytheistic pantheon. It is normally capitalized in monotheistic sense, such as in Christian or Islamic discourse (see Бог (Box)), except for some common set expressions.

Declension

Declension of бог^△ (anim masc-form velar-stem accent-e irreg) 

	singular	plural
nominative	бо́г△ bóx△	бо́ги bógi
genitive	бо́га bóga	бого́в bogóv
dative	бо́гу bógu	бога́м bogám
accusative	бо́га bóga	бого́в bogóv
instrumental	бо́гом bógom	бога́ми bogámi
prepositional	бо́ге bóge	бога́х bogáx
vocative	бо́же bóže

^△ Irregular.

Derived terms

• боги́ня (bogínja)
• богоро́дица (bogoródica)
• бо́жеский (bóžeskij)
• боже́ственный (božéstvennyj)
• бо́жий (bóžij)
• божи́ться (božítʹsja)
• божо́к (božók)
• по-бо́жески (po-bóžeski)

 

Related terms

• бо́же упаси́ (bóže upasí)
• о бо́же мой (o bóže moj)
• с бо́гом (s bógom)
• с на́ми Бог (s námi Bog)

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *bogъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bôːɡ/

Noun

бо̑г m (Latin spelling bȏg)

1. god
2. (colloquial) idol, god

Declension

Declension of бог

	singular	plural
nominative	бо̑г	бо̀гови
genitive	бо̏га	бо̀го̄ва̄
dative	бо̏гу	бо̀говима
accusative	бо̏га	бо̀гове
vocative	бо̏же	бо̀гови
locative	бо̏гу	бо̀говима
instrumental	бо̏гом	бо̀говима

Derived terms

• бого̀вскӣ
• божа̀нство
• бо̏жјӣ

Related terms

• Бо̑г
• бо̀гат

Ukrainian

Alternative forms

• біг (bih)

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *bogъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [bɔɦ]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

бог • (boh) m pers (genitive бо́га, nominative plural боги́, genitive plural богі́в, feminine боги́ня, relational adjective бо́жий or божи́стий or бо́жеський or боже́ственний, diminutive божо́к)

1. god

Declension

Declension of бог (pers velar masc-form accent-c)

	singular	plural
nominative	бог boh	боги́ bohý
genitive	бо́га bóha	богі́в bohív
dative	бо́гові, бо́гу bóhovi, bóhu	бога́м bohám
accusative	бо́га bóha	богі́в bohív
instrumental	бо́гом bóhom	бога́ми bohámy
locative	бо́гові, бо́гу, бо́зі bóhovi, bóhu, bózi	бога́х boháx
vocative	бо́же bóže	боги́ bohý

Derived terms

• багатобо́жжя (bahatobóžžja)
• багатобо́жний (bahatobóžnyj)
• багатобо́жник (bahatobóžnyk)
• безбо́жник (bezbóžnyk)
• боголю́бець (boholjúbecʹ)
• богоху́лити (bohoxúlyty)
• богоху́льство (bohoxúlʹstvo)
• божество́ (božestvó)
• єдинобо́жжя (jedynobóžžja)
• єдинобо́жний (jedynobóžnyj)
• єдинобо́жник (jedynobóžnyk)
• напівбо́г (napivbóh)

 

Further reading

• Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “бог”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
• Shyrokov, V. A., editor (2010–2023), “бог”, in Словник української мови: у 20 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 20 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 1–14 (а – префере́нція), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka; Ukrainian Lingua-Information Fund, →ISBN
• “бог”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)