See also: زَبان

Baluchi edit

Noun edit

زبان (zabán)

  1. tongue
  2. language

See also edit

Persian edit

 
Persian Wikipedia has an article on:
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Alternative forms edit

Etymology edit

From Middle Persian [script needed] (ŠNA) / [script needed] (ʾwzwʾn' /⁠uzwān⁠/) (Middle Persian 𐫙𐫉𐫇𐫀𐫗(ʿzwʾn /⁠izwān⁠/)), from Proto-Iranian *hižwáH (compare Northern Kurdish ziman, Pashto ژبه(žəba), Avestan 𐬵𐬍𐬰𐬎𐬎𐬁(hīzuuā)), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́iȷ́ʰwáH (compare Sanskrit जिह्वा (jihvā), Urdu جِیبھ(jībh) / Hindi जीभ (jībh)), from Proto-Indo-European *dn̥ǵʰwéh₂s (compare Old Prussian insuwis, Russian язы́к (jazýk), French langue, English tongue).

Pronunciation edit

 

Readings
Classical reading? zaḇān
Dari reading? zabān, zubān
Iranian reading? zabân
Tajik reading? zabon
  • (Hamadan) IPA(key): [zeˈbɒːn]
  • (file)

Noun edit

Dari زبان
Iranian Persian
Tajik забон

زبان (zabân, zobân) (plural زبان‌ها(zabân-hâ))

  1. tongue (body part)
  2. language
    در زبان اردو، این کلمه به معنی « بزرگ » است.‎‎
    dar zabân-e ordu, in kalame be ma'ni-ye "bozorg" ast.
    In the Urdu language, this word means "big".
    • c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 1206:
      اَی بَسَا هِنْدُو و تُرْکِ هَم زَبَان اَی بَسَا دُو تُرْک چون بیگَانَگَان
      ay basā hindū u turk-i ham zabān ay basā dū turk čōn bēgānagān
      Oh, many are the Indians and Turks that speak the same tongue; oh, many the pair of Turks that are as strangers [to each other].
    • c. 1650, Čandra Bhān, دیوان برهمن [The Brahman's divan]:
      بَرَهْمَن اَز لَبِ هِنْدِی نَژَادَان نُکْتَه می‌سَنْجَد زَبَانِ پَارْسِی و تُرْکِی و تَازِی نَمی‌دَانَد.‎‎
      barahman az lab-i hindī nažādān nukta mē-sanjad zabān-i pārsī u turkī u tāzī namē-dānad.
      [This] brahman weighs his subtle wits with lips of Hindi lineage; he knows not the Persian nor the Turkish nor the Arabic tongues.
      (Mughal Persian)
    • c. 1655, دبستان مذاهب [Dabistān-i Mazāhib]:
      وَ یَزْدَان بَهْرِ آبَاد نَامِه‌ای فِرِسْتَاد دَسَاتیرِ نَام کِه دَر او هَر دَانِش و هَمِه زَبَان بود.‎‎
      va yazdân bahr-e âbâd nâme-i ferestâd dasâtir-e nâm ke dar u har dâneš o hame zabân bud.
      And God sent for Ābād's sake a book, Dasātir by name, within which there is all knowledge and every language.

Derived terms edit

Descendants edit

References edit

  • MacKenzie, D. N. (1971), “uzwān”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 85

Urdu edit

Etymology edit

Borrowed from Classical Persian زبان(zabān, zubān), ultimately from Proto-Iranian *hižwáH, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́iȷ́ʰwáH.. Doublet of جِیبھ(jībh).

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

زَبان or زُبان (zabān or zubānf (Hindi spelling ज़बान or ज़ुबान)

  1. (anatomy) tongue
    Synonyms: جیبھ(jībh), لسان(lisān)
  2. language, vernacular
    Synonyms: لسان(lisān), بھاشا(bhāśā), بولی(bolī)
  3. speech, word
  4. the tip (of a pen; flame of a candle etc.)

Usage notes edit

Although zabān and zubān are both considered correct, some Urdu scholars are of the opinion that zabān merely refers to the body part, ie. tongue, whereas zubān refers to a language or speech, and sometimes vice versa, although there is no consensus for this. Shakespear, Platts, Fallon all attest both variants. Shams-ur-Rahman Farooqi, in his dictionary luġāt roz marra (pages 205-206), notes that the term زبان(/⁠zbān⁠/) is pronounced as zubān in Delhi and many of the Eastern [Indian Urdu] dialects, and in other parts zabān.

Declension edit

Declension of زبان
singular plural
direct زبان (zubān) زبانیں(zubānẽ)
oblique زبان (zubān) زبانوں(zubānõ)
vocative زبان (zubān) زبانو(zubāno)

Derived terms edit

Descendants edit

Further reading edit

  • زبان”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
  • زبان”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English] (in English), Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2023.
  • Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971), “زبان”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.
  • Platts, John T. (1884), “زبان”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
  • S. W. Fallon (1879), “زبان”, in A New Hindustani-English Dictionary, Banaras, London: Trubner and Co.
  • John Shakespear (1834), “زبان”, in A dictionary, Hindustani and English: with a copious index, fitting the work to serve, also, as a dictionary of English and Hindustani, 3rd edition, London: J.L. Cox and Son, →OCLC

Yemeni Arabic edit

Etymology edit

Cognate to Egyptian Arabic زَمُكَّة(zamukka), زَلَمُكَّة(zalamukka, fundament of a fowl), Moroccan Arabic زك(zukk, arse), Ge'ez ዘባን (zäban, back), Tigre and Tigrinya ዝባን (zəban, back).

Noun edit

زَبَان (zabān)

  1. bum, fundament, abdomen
  2. loins, hips

References edit

  • Landberg, Carlo, editor (1942) Glossaire daṯînois[1] (in French), Leiden: Brill, page 1821
  • Piamenta, Moshe (1991) Dictionary of Post-Classical Yemeni Arabic, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 196b