ساعة

See also: ساعت‎ and سائەت‎

Arabic

Etymology

According to Nöldeke, Arabic سَاعَة‎ (sāʕa) and Ge'ez ሰዓት (säʿat), ሳዐት (saʿät) are borrowed from Aramaic שָׁעְתָא‎ / ܫܳܥܬܳܐ‎ (šāʿəṯā). Leslau does not dispute this. Compare Hebrew שָׁעָה‎ (šāʿā́) and Mehri سات‎.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /saː.ʕa/

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

سَاعَة • (sāʕa) f (plural سَاعَات‎ (sāʕāt) or سَاع‎ (sāʕ))

1. hour (unit of time)
2. short time, a while
   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 7:34:

     ‏فَإِذَا جَاءَ أَجَلُهُمْ لَا يَسْتَأْخِرُونَ سَاعَةً وَلَا يَسْتَقْدِمُونَ‎

     faʔiḏā jāʔa ʔajaluhum lā yastaʔḵirūna sāʕatan walā yastaqdimūna

     There is a [preordained] time for every nation: when their time comes, they shall not defer it by a single hour nor shall they advance it.

3. timepiece, clock, watch
4. (with the definite article, Islam) judgement day
   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 79:42:

     ‏يَسْأَلُونَكَ عَنِ السَّاعَةِ أَيَّانَ مُرْسَاهَا‎

     yasʔalūnaka ʕani s-sāʕati ʔayyāna mursāhā

     They ask you concerning the Hour, “When will it set in?"

Declension

Declension of noun سَاعَة (sāʕa)

Singular	singular triptote in ـَة (-a)
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سَاعَة sāʕa	السَّاعَة‎ as-sāʕa	سَاعَة sāʕat
Nominative	سَاعَةٌ sāʕatun	السَّاعَةُ‎ as-sāʕatu	سَاعَةُ sāʕatu
Accusative	سَاعَةً sāʕatan	السَّاعَةَ‎ as-sāʕata	سَاعَةَ sāʕata
Genitive	سَاعَةٍ sāʕatin	السَّاعَةِ‎ as-sāʕati	سَاعَةِ sāʕati
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سَاعَتَيْن‎ sāʕatayn	السَّاعَتَيْن‎ as-sāʕatayn	سَاعَتَيْ‎ sāʕatay
Nominative	سَاعَتَانِ‎ sāʕatāni	السَّاعَتَانِ‎ as-sāʕatāni	سَاعَتَا‎ sāʕatā
Accusative	سَاعَتَيْنِ‎ sāʕatayni	السَّاعَتَيْنِ‎ as-sāʕatayni	سَاعَتَيْ‎ sāʕatay
Genitive	سَاعَتَيْنِ‎ sāʕatayni	السَّاعَتَيْنِ‎ as-sāʕatayni	سَاعَتَيْ‎ sāʕatay
Plural	sound feminine plural‎; basic broken plural triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سَاعَات‎‎; سَاع‎ sāʕāt‎; sāʕ	السَّاعَات‎‎; السَّاع‎ as-sāʕāt‎; as-sāʕ	سَاعَات‎‎; سَاع‎ sāʕāt‎; sāʕ
Nominative	سَاعَاتٌ‎‎; سَاعٌ‎ sāʕātun‎; sāʕun	السَّاعَاتُ‎‎; السَّاعُ‎ as-sāʕātu‎; as-sāʕu	سَاعَاتُ‎‎; سَاعُ‎ sāʕātu‎; sāʕu
Accusative	سَاعَاتٍ‎‎; سَاعًا‎ sāʕātin‎; sāʕan	السَّاعَاتِ‎‎; السَّاعَ‎ as-sāʕāti‎; as-sāʕa	سَاعَاتِ‎‎; سَاعَ‎ sāʕāti‎; sāʕa
Genitive	سَاعَاتٍ‎‎; سَاعٍ‎ sāʕātin‎; sāʕin	السَّاعَاتِ‎‎; السَّاعِ‎ as-sāʕāti‎; as-sāʕi	سَاعَاتِ‎‎; سَاعِ‎ sāʕāti‎; sāʕi

Derived terms

• صَلَاة السَّاعَات الْكَبِيرَة‎ (ṣalā(t) as-sāʕāt al-kabīra)

Descendants

• Maltese: siegħa
• Egyptian Arabic: ساعة‎ (sāʕa)
• Moroccan Arabic: ساعة‎ (sāʕa)
• → Abaza: сахӏат (saḥat)
• → Abkhaz: асааҭ (asaat)
• → Adyghe: сыхьат (səḥat)
• → Avar: сагӏат (saʻat)
• → Chechen: сахьт (saḥʳt)
• → Hausa: sa'a
  • → Yoruba: sáà, سَا‎
• → Indonesian: saat
• → Karaim: саат (saat)
• → Lishana Deni: סאעא‎ (sāʕa)
• → Lithuanian: sahatas
• → Malay: saat, ساعت‎
• → Middle Armenian: սահաթ (sahatʿ)
  • Armenian: սահաթ (sahatʿ)
• → Ossetian: сахат (saxat)
• → Classical Persian: ساعت‎ (sā'at)
  • → Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܣܵܥܲܬ‎ (sāʿat)
  • → Azerbaijani: saat
  • → Bashkir: сәғәт (säğät)
  • → Kazakh: сағат (sağat), сәт (sät)
  • → Chagatai: ساعت‎
    • Uyghur: سائەت‎ (sa'et)
    • Uzbek: soat
  • → Chuvash: сехет (seh̬et)
  • → Georgian: საათი (saati)
    • → Bats: საათ (saat)
  • → Kazakh: сағат (sağat)
  • → Northern Kurdish: seet
  • → Kyrgyz: саат (saat)
  • → Ottoman Turkish: ساعت‎
    • Turkish: saat
    • → Albanian: sahat
    • → Macedonian: са́ат (sáat)
    • → Serbo-Croatian: са̑т/sȃt
  • → Tatar: сәгать (sägat’)
  • → Turkmen: sagat, сагат
• → Somali: saacad
• → Swahili: saa
  • → Iraqw: saa'a
  • → Kikuyu: thaa
  • → Luo: sa
  • → Lingala: sâ
  • → Luganda: essaawa
  • → Pökoot: saa
  • → Rwanda-Rundi: isaha, saa
• → Wolof: saa

References

• Leslau, Wolf (1991) Comparative Dictionary of Geʿez (Classical Ethiopic), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 481
• Nöldeke, Theodor (1910) Neue Beiträge zur semitischen Sprachwissenschaft‎^[1] (in German), Straßburg: Karl J. Trübner, page 44

Egyptian Arabic

Noun

ساعة • (sāʿa) f

1. hour
2. watch

Moroccan Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic سَاعَة‎ (sāʕa).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /saː.ʕa/

• Audio

  (file)

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

ساعة • (sāʕa) f (dual ساعتين‎ (saʕtayn), plural سوايع‎ (swāyiʕ) or ساعات‎ (sāʕāt))

1. hour
2. clock
3. (in the plural) private lessons

See also

• تانية‎ (tāniya, tānya, “second”)
• دقيقة‎ (dqīqa, “minute”)

South Levantine Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic سَاعَة‎ (sāʕa).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /saː.ʕa/, [ˈsæː.ʕa], [ˈsaː.ʕa]

• Audio (Amman)

  (file)

Noun

ساعة • (sāʕa) f (plural ساعات‎ (sāʕāt))

1. hour

   ‏قديش الساعة؟‎‎

   ʔaddēš is-sāʕa?

   What time is it?

   (literally, “How much is the hour?”)

   Audio (Ramallah)

   (file)

   ‏الساعة تنتين.‎‎

   is-sāʕa tintēn

   It's two o'clock.

   (literally, “The hour [is] two.”)

2. clock, watch

Usage notes

• Since ساعة (sāʕa) is feminine, واحد‎ (wāḥad) and تنين‎ (tnen) — the only two numbers with gendered forms — display feminine gender agreement when they refer to the hour of day.

See also

• (units of time) وحدات الوقت‎ (waḥdāt il-waʔt); سنة‎ (sane, “year”), شهر‎ (šahr, “month”), أسبوع‎ (ʔusbūʕ, “week”), يوم‎ (yōm, “day”), ساعة (sāʕa, “hour”), دقيقة‎ (daʔīʔa, “minute”), ثانية‎ (ṯānye, “second”), لحظة‎ (laḥẓa, “moment”)