एक
HindiEdit
10 | ||
[a], [b] ← 0 | १ 1 |
2 → |
---|---|---|
Cardinal: एक (ek) Ordinal: पहला (pahlā), पहिला (pahilā) Fractional: पूरा (pūrā) |
EtymologyEdit
Inherited from Old Hindi एक (eka), from Sauraseni Apabhramsa एक्क (ekka), from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓 (ekka), from Sanskrit एक (éka), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *Háykas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háykas.
PronunciationEdit
NumeralEdit
एक • (ek) (Urdu spelling ایک)
- one; 1
AdjectiveEdit
एक • (ek) (indeclinable, Urdu spelling ایک)
Derived termsEdit
- एकजुट (ekjuṭ)
KonkaniEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Maharastri Prakrit, from Sanskrit एक (éka), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *Háykas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háykas.
NumeralEdit
एक • (ek) (Latin script ek, Kannada script ಎಕ)
MaithiliEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Sanskrit एक (éka), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *Háykas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háykas.
NumeralEdit
एक • (ek)
MarathiEdit
10 | ||
← 0 | १ 1 |
2 → |
---|---|---|
Cardinal: एक (ek) Ordinal: पहिले (pahile) Adverbial: एकदा (ekdā) Collective: एकटा (ekṭā) |
EtymologyEdit
From Maharastri Prakrit, from Sanskrit एक (éka), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *Háykas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háykas.
NumeralEdit
एक • (ek)
NepaliEdit
10[a], [b] | ||
[a], [b] ← 0 | १ 1 |
2 → |
---|---|---|
Cardinal: एक (ek) Ordinal: पहिलो (pahilo), प्रथम (pratham) Adverbial: एकचोटी (ekacoṭī), एकपटक (ekapaṭak) |
EtymologyEdit
From Khasa Prakrit [Term?] (compare Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓 (ekka)), from Sanskrit एक (éka), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *Háykas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háykas.
PronunciationEdit
NumeralEdit
एक • (ek)
Old HindiEdit
Alternative formsEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Sauraseni Apabhramsa एक्क, from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓 (ekka), 𑀇𑀓 (ika), from Sanskrit एक (eka).
NumeralEdit
एक (eka)
- one
- c. 1500, Kabir 77.1
- एक जोति तैं सब उतपंना, कौंण वारंण कौंण सूदा
- eka joti taiṃ saba utapaṃnā, kauṃṇa vāraṃṇa kauṃṇa sūdā
- All have arisen from one light, who is a brāhmin and who is a śūdra?
DescendantsEdit
- Hindi: एक (ek)
PaliEdit
Alternative formsEdit
NumeralEdit
एक
- Devanagari script form of eka
- c. 500 AD, Kaccāyana, Pālivyākaraṇaṃ [Pali Grammar][1] (in Pali), page 252; republished as Satish Chandra Acharyya Vidyabhusana, editor, Kaccayana's Pali Grammar (edited in Devanagari character and translated into English), Calcutta, Bengal: Mahabodhi Society, 1901:
- सब्बेसं तिण्णं पठममज्झिमुत्तमपुरिसानं एकाभिधाने परो पुरिसो गहेतब्बो। सो च पठति, ते च पठन्ति, त्वञ्च पठसि तुम्हे च पठथ, अहञ्च पठामि = मयं पठाम; सो पचति, ते च पचन्ति, त्वञ्च पचन्ति, तुम्हे च पठथ, अहञ्च पचआमि = मयं पचाम एवं सेसासु विभत्तीसु परो पुरिसो योजेतब्बो॥
- Sabbesaṃ tiṇṇaṃ paṭhamamajjhimuttamapurisānaṃ ekābhidhāne paro puriso gahetabbo. So ca paṭhati, te ca paṭhanti, tvañca paṭhasi, tumhe ca paṭhatha, ahañca paṭhāmi = mayaṃ paṭhāma; so pacati, te ca pacanti, tvañca pacasi, tumhe ca pacatha, ahañca pacāmi = mayaṃ pacāma. Evaṃ sesāsu vibhattīsu paro puriso yojetabbo.
- With all three, third, second, and first persons, in one expression, the last person is to be taken. He reads, they read, thou readest, you read, and I read = we read; he cooks, they cook, thou cookest, you cook , and I cook = we cook. The last person is to be applied thus for other endings.
DeclensionEdit
Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative (first) | एका | एकायो or एका |
Accusative (second) | एकं | एकायो or एका |
Instrumental (third) | एकाय | एकाहि or एकाभि |
Dative (fourth) | एकिस्सा or एकिस्साय | एकासं |
Ablative (fifth) | एकाय | एकाहि or एकाभि |
Genitive (sixth) | एकिस्सा or एकिस्साय | एकासं |
Locative (seventh) | एकाय or एकायं or एकिस्सं | एकासु |
Vocative (calling) | एके | एकायो or एका |
Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative (first) | एकं | एकानि |
Accusative (second) | एकं | एकानि |
Instrumental (third) | एकेन | एकेहि or एकेभि |
Dative (fourth) | एकस्स | एकेसं or एकेसानं |
Ablative (fifth) | एकस्मा or एकम्हा | एकेहि or एकेभि |
Genitive (sixth) | एकस्स | एकेसं or एकेसानं |
Locative (seventh) | एकस्मिं or एकम्हि | एकेसु |
Vocative (calling) | एक | एकानि |
SanskritEdit
10 | ||
← 0 | १ 1 |
2 → |
---|---|---|
Cardinal: एक (eka) Ordinal: प्रथम (prathama) Multiplier: एकधा (ekadhā) Distributive: एकशस् (ekaśas) |
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Indo-Aryan *Háykas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háykas, from Proto-Indo-European *(H)óykos (“one, single”).
PronunciationEdit
NumeralEdit
एक • (éka)
AdjectiveEdit
- (with and without एव (eva)) alone, solitary, single, happening only once, that one only
- the same, one and the same, identical
- one of two or many
- single of its kind, unique, singular, chief, pre-eminent, excellent
- sincere, truthful
- little, small
- (sometimes used as an indefinite article), a, an
NounEdit
- name of a teacher
- name of a son of रय (Raya)
NounEdit
DescendantsEdit
- Ardhamagadhi Prakrit: [Term?]
- Dardic: *éka
- Dhivehi: އެކެއް (ekek̊)
- Maharastri Prakrit: [Term?]
- Pali: eka
- → Burmese: ဧကဝုစ်ကိန်း (eka.wuckin:, “singular”)
- → Khmer: ឯក (ʼaek)
- → Lao: ເອກ (ʼēk)
- → Thai: เอก (èek)
- Santali: ᱮᱠᱚ (ekô)
- Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓 (ekka)
- Sinhalese: එක (eka)
- → Javanese: ꦌꦏ (eka)
- → Kannada: ಏಕ (ēka)
- → Malay: ايک (eka)
- → Telugu: ఏకము (ēkamu)
- → Thai: เอก (èek)
ReferencesEdit
- Monier Williams (1899) , “एक”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, OCLC 458052227, page 0227.