एक

Hindi

Hindi numbers ^(edit)

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Cardinal: एक (ek)     Ordinal: पहला (pahlā)

Etymology

From Old Hindi एक (eka), form Sauraseni Apabhramsa एक्क, from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓 (ekka), from Sanskrit एक (éka), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *Háykas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háykas.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /eːk/

Numeral

एक • (ek) (Urdu spelling ایک‎)

1. one; 1

Adjective

एक • (ek) (Urdu spelling ایک‎)

1. sole, only

Derived terms

• एकजुट (ekjuṭ)

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Konkani

Etymology

From Maharastri Prakrit, from Sanskrit एक (éka), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *Háykas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háykas.

Numeral

एक • (ek) (Latin script ek, Kannada script ಎಕ)

1. one

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Maithili

Etymology

From Sanskrit एक (éka), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *Háykas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háykas.

Numeral

एक (ek)

1. one

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Marathi

Marathi numbers ^(edit)

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Cardinal: एक (ek)     Ordinal: पहिले (pahile)     Adverbial: एकदा (ekdā)     Collective: एकटा (ekṭā)

Etymology

From Maharastri Prakrit, from Sanskrit एक (éka), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *Háykas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háykas.

Numeral

एक • (ek)

1. one

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Nepali

Etymology

From Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓 (ekka), from Sanskrit एक (éka), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *Háykas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háykas.

Numeral

एक • (eka), pronounced एक् (ek)

1. one

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Old Hindi

Alternative forms

• इक (ika), हेक (heka)

Etymology

From Sauraseni Apabhramsa एक्क, from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓 (ekka), 𑀇𑀓 (ika), from Sanskrit एक (eka).

Numeral

एक (eka)

1. one
   • c. 1500, Kabir 77.1

     एक जोति तैं सब उतपंना, कौंण वारंण कौंण सूदा

     eka joti taiṃ saba utapaṃnā, kauṃṇa vāraṃṇa kauṃṇa sūdā

     All have arisen from one light, who is a brāhmin and who is a śūdra?

Descendants

• Hindi: एक (ek)

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Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative forms

• eka (Latin script)
• 𑀏𑀓 (Brahmi script)
• এক (Bengali script)
• එක (Sinhalese script)
• ဧက (Burmese script)
• เอก or เอกะ (Thai script)
• ᩑᨠ (Tai Tham script)
• ເອກ or ເອກະ (Lao script)
• ឯក (Khmer script)

Numeral

एक

1. Devanagari script form of eka

Declension

Declension table of "एक" (masculine)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	एको	एके
Accusative (second)	एकं	एके
Instrumental (third)	एकेन	एकेहि or एकेभि
Dative (fourth)	एकस्स	एकेसं or एकेसानं
Ablative (fifth)	एकस्मा or एकम्हा	एकेहि or एकेभि
Genitive (sixth)	एकस्स	एकेसं or एकेसानं
Locative (seventh)	एकस्मिं or एकम्हि	एकेसु
Vocative (calling)	एक	एके

Declension table of "एका" (feminine)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	एका	एकायो or एका
Accusative (second)	एकं	एकायो or एका
Instrumental (third)	एकाय	एकाहि or एकाभि
Dative (fourth)	एकिस्सा or एकिस्साय	एकासं
Ablative (fifth)	एकाय	एकाहि or एकाभि
Genitive (sixth)	एकिस्सा or एकिस्साय	एकासं
Locative (seventh)	एकाय or एकायं or एकिस्सं	एकासु
Vocative (calling)	एके	एकायो or एका

Declension table of "एक" (neuter)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	एकं	एकानि
Accusative (second)	एकं	एकानि
Instrumental (third)	एकेन	एकेहि or एकेभि
Dative (fourth)	एकस्स	एकेसं or एकेसानं
Ablative (fifth)	एकस्मा or एकम्हा	एकेहि or एकेभि
Genitive (sixth)	एकस्स	एकेसं or एकेसानं
Locative (seventh)	एकस्मिं or एकम्हि	एकेसु
Vocative (calling)	एक	एकानि

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Sanskrit

Sanskrit numbers ^(edit)

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Cardinal: एक (eka)     Ordinal: प्रथम (prathama)     Multiplier: एकधा (ekadhā)     Distributive: एकशस् (ekaśas)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *Háykas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háykas, from Proto-Indo-European *(H)óykos (“one, single”).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɐ́j.kɐ/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈeː.kɐ/

Numeral

एक • (éka) (Vedic áika)

1. one

Adjective

एक • (éka) (Vedic áika)

1. (with and without एव (eva)) alone, solitary, single, happening only once, that one only
2. the same, one and the same, identical
3. one of two or many
4. single of its kind, unique, singular, chief, pre-eminent, excellent
5. sincere, truthful
6. little, small
7. (sometimes used as an indefinite article), a, an

Noun

एक • (éka) m (Vedic áika)

1. name of a teacher
2. name of a son of रय (Raya)

Noun

एक • (éka) n (Vedic áika)

1. unity, a unit (at the end of a compound)

Descendants

• Bengali: এক (ek)
• Dhivehi: އެކެއް‎ (eke)
• Javanese: ꦌꦏ (eka)
• Lao: ເອກ (’ēk)
• Malay: ايک‎ (eka)
• Rohingya: ek
• Santali: ᱮᱠᱚ (ekô)
• Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓 (ekka)
  • Gurjar Apabhramsa: [Term?]
    • Old Gujarati: [Term?]
      • Middle Gujarati: [Term?]
        • Gujarati: એક (eka)
  • Pahari:
    • Garhwali: यक (yak)
    • Nepali: एक (eka)
    • Western Pahari:
      • Dogri:
        • Devanagari: इक (ik)
        • Dogra: 𑠂𑠊 (𑠂𑠊)
  • Punjabi:
    • Gurmukhi: ਇੱਕ (ek)
    • Shahmukhi: اِک‎ (ik)
  • Romani: jekh, yek
    • Angloromani: yek
    • Kalo Finnish Romani: iek
    • Sinte Romani: jek
    • Welsh Romani: jekh
  • Sauraseni Apabhramsa: एक्क (ekka)
    • Old Hindi: एक (eka), इक (ika), हेक (heka)
      • Hindi: एक (ek)
    • Urdu: ایک‎ (ek)
• Sinhalese: එක (eka)
• Telugu: ఏకము (ēkamu)
• Thai: เอก (èek)

References

• Monier Williams (1899), “एक”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, OCLC 458052227, page 0227.