Hindi

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Etymology

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    Borrowed from Sanskrit जा॒ति (jātí).

    Pronunciation

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    • (Delhi) IPA(key): /d͡ʒɑː.t̪iː/, [d͡ʒäː.t̪iː]

    Noun

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    जाति (jātif (Urdu spelling جاتی)

    1. birth
    2. caste; subcaste, community; community placed in at birth
    3. high caste
    4. race
    5. (taxonomy) species
    6. tribe, nationality, lineage

    Declension

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    Declension of जाति (fem i-stem)
    singular plural
    direct जाति
    jāti
    जातियाँ
    jātiyā̃
    oblique जाति
    jāti
    जातियों
    jātiyõ
    vocative जाति
    jāti
    जातियो
    jātiyo

    Derived terms

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    Nepali

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    Etymology

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      Borrowed from Sanskrit जा॒ति (jātí).

      Pronunciation

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      • IPA(key): [d͡zät̪i]
      • Phonetic Devanagari: जाति

      Noun

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      जाति (jāti)

      1. ethnic group
      2. race

      Pali

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      Alternative forms

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      Noun

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      जाति f

      1. Devanagari script form of jāti

      Sanskrit

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      Alternative scripts

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      Etymology

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        From Proto-Indo-European *ǵénh₁-ti-s ~ *ǵn̥h₁-téy-s (birth, production; kind). Cognate with Latin gēns, Ancient Greek γένεσις (génesis), Proto-Germanic *kinþiz (whence English kind). By surface analysis, from the root जन् (jan) +‎ -ति (-ti).[1]

        Pronunciation

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        Noun

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        जा॒ति (jātí) stemf

        1. birth, production
        2. rebirth
        3. the form of existence (as man, animal, etc.) fixed by birth
        4. position assigned by birth, rank, caste, family, race, lineage
        5. kind, genus (as opposed to species), species (as opposed to individual), class
        6. the generic properties (as opposed to the specific ones)
        7. the character of a species, genuine or true state of anything
        8. reduction of fractions to a common denominator
        9. a self-confuting reply (founded merely on similarity or dissimilarity)
        10. a particular figure of speech
        11. a class of metres
        12. a manner of singing
        13. fireplace
        14. mace, nutmeg

        Declension

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        Feminine i-stem declension of जाति
        singular dual plural
        nominative जातिः (jātíḥ) जाती (jātī́) जातयः (jātáyaḥ)
        accusative जातिम् (jātím) जाती (jātī́) जातीः (jātī́ḥ)
        instrumental जात्या (jātyā́)
        जाती¹ (jātī́¹)
        जातिभ्याम् (jātíbhyām) जातिभिः (jātíbhiḥ)
        dative जातये (jātáye)
        जात्यै² (jātyaí²)
        जाती¹ (jātī́¹)
        जातिभ्याम् (jātíbhyām) जातिभ्यः (jātíbhyaḥ)
        ablative जातेः (jātéḥ)
        जात्याः² (jātyā́ḥ²)
        जात्यै³ (jātyaí³)
        जातिभ्याम् (jātíbhyām) जातिभ्यः (jātíbhyaḥ)
        genitive जातेः (jātéḥ)
        जात्याः² (jātyā́ḥ²)
        जात्यै³ (jātyaí³)
        जात्योः (jātyóḥ) जातीनाम् (jātīnā́m)
        locative जातौ (jātaú)
        जात्याम्² (jātyā́m²)
        जाता¹ (jātā́¹)
        जात्योः (jātyóḥ) जातिषु (jātíṣu)
        vocative जाते (jā́te) जाती (jā́tī) जातयः (jā́tayaḥ)
        • ¹Vedic
        • ²Later Sanskrit
        • ³Brāhmaṇas

        Borrowed terms

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        • Pali: jāti
        • Prakrit: 𑀚𑀸𑀇 (jāi)
        Borrowed terms

        References

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        1. ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) “jātá-, (°)jāti-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎[1] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 583

        Further reading

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