सह
Marathi
editEtymology
editBorrowed from Sanskrit सह (sahá).
Postposition
editसह • (sah)
Preposition
editसह • (sah)
- with, along with, together with
- 2017 November 2, “भूतानचे राजे सहपरिवार पंतप्रधान मोदींच्या भेटीला! [bhūtānce rāje sahaprivār pantapradhān modīñcyā bheṭīlā!]”, in ABP Majha[1], New Delhi, archived from the original on 22 November 2017:
- भूतानचे राजे सहपरिवार पंतप्रधान मोदींच्या भेटीला!
- bhūtānce rāje sahparivār pantapradhān modīñcyā bheṭīlā!
- Bhutan's King at Prime Minister Modi's meeting with [his] family!
References
edit- Berntsen, Maxine, “सह”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies, 1982-1983.
- Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “सह”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
Pali
editAlternative forms
editConjunction
editसह (saha)
- Devanagari script form of saha (“together with”)
- c. 500 AD, Kaccāyana, Pālivyākaraṇaṃ [Pali Grammar][2], page 12; republished as Satish Chandra Acharyya Vidyabhusana, editor, Kaccayana's Pali Grammar (edited in Devanagari character and translated into English), Calcutta, Bengal: Mahabodhi Society, 1901:
- चसहग्गहणेन धकारस्स हकारादेसो होति;
- Casahaggahaṇena dhakārassa hakārādeso hoti;
- By taking it together with 'ca', one gets a change of 'dh' to 'h';
Sanskrit
editAlternative forms
edit- সহ (Assamese script)
- ᬲᬳ (Balinese script)
- সহ (Bengali script)
- 𑰭𑰮 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀲𑀳 (Brahmi script)
- သဟ (Burmese script)
- સહ (Gujarati script)
- ਸਹ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌸𑌹 (Grantha script)
- ꦱꦲ (Javanese script)
- 𑂮𑂯 (Kaithi script)
- ಸಹ (Kannada script)
- សហ (Khmer script)
- ສຫ (Lao script)
- സഹ (Malayalam script)
- ᠰᠠᡥᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘭𑘮 (Modi script)
- ᠰᠠᠾᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧍𑧎 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐳𑐴 (Newa script)
- ସହ (Odia script)
- ꢱꢲ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆱𑆲 (Sharada script)
- 𑖭𑖮 (Siddham script)
- සහ (Sinhalese script)
- 𑪁𑪂 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚨𑚩 (Takri script)
- ஸஹ (Tamil script)
- సహ (Telugu script)
- สห (Thai script)
- ས་ཧ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒮𑒯 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨰𑨱 (Zanabazar Square script)
Pronunciation
editEtymology 1
edit(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Noun
editसह • (sahá) stem, m
- the month मार्गशीर्ष (mārgaśīrṣa)
- a particular fire
- a species of plant (not known which plant)
- name of a son of manu
- name of a son of प्राण (prā-ṇa) and ऊर्जस्वती (ūrjasvatī)
- name of a son of धृतराष्ट्र (dhṛtarāṣṭra)
- name of a son of Krishna and Madri
- (with Buddhists) name of a division of the world
- (Can we clean up(+) this sense?) name of various plants (unclear which plants)
- Unguis odoratus
Declension
editMasculine a-stem declension of सह | |||
---|---|---|---|
Nom. sg. | सहः (sahaḥ) | ||
Gen. sg. | सहस्य (sahasya) | ||
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | सहः (sahaḥ) | सहौ (sahau) | सहाः (sahāḥ) |
Vocative | सह (saha) | सहौ (sahau) | सहाः (sahāḥ) |
Accusative | सहम् (saham) | सहौ (sahau) | सहान् (sahān) |
Instrumental | सहेन (sahena) | सहाभ्याम् (sahābhyām) | सहैः (sahaiḥ) |
Dative | सहाय (sahāya) | सहाभ्याम् (sahābhyām) | सहेभ्यः (sahebhyaḥ) |
Ablative | सहात् (sahāt) | सहाभ्याम् (sahābhyām) | सहेभ्यः (sahebhyaḥ) |
Genitive | सहस्य (sahasya) | सहयोः (sahayoḥ) | सहानाम् (sahānām) |
Locative | सहे (sahe) | सहयोः (sahayoḥ) | सहेषु (saheṣu) |
Etymology 2
editFrom Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ- (“to hold, posess, overcome, overpower”). Cognate with Ancient Greek ἔχω (ékhō, “have, possess, hold”), σχῆμᾰ (skhêma, “form, shape, figure”), σχολή (skholḗ, “leisure, free time; philosophy”) whence Latin schola (“leisure time for learning, schooltime, school”); Latin sēverus (“severe, strict, harsh”). See also सहस् (sahas).
Adjective
editसह • (sahá)
- powerful, mighty
- overcoming, vanquishing
- bearing, enduring, withstanding, defying, equal to, a match for (+ genitive or compound)
- causing, effecting, stimulating, exerting
- able to, capable of (infinitive or compound)
Declension
editMasculine a-stem declension of सह | |||
---|---|---|---|
Nom. sg. | सहः (sahaḥ) | ||
Gen. sg. | सहस्य (sahasya) | ||
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | सहः (sahaḥ) | सहौ (sahau) | सहाः (sahāḥ) |
Vocative | सह (saha) | सहौ (sahau) | सहाः (sahāḥ) |
Accusative | सहम् (saham) | सहौ (sahau) | सहान् (sahān) |
Instrumental | सहेन (sahena) | सहाभ्याम् (sahābhyām) | सहैः (sahaiḥ) |
Dative | सहाय (sahāya) | सहाभ्याम् (sahābhyām) | सहेभ्यः (sahebhyaḥ) |
Ablative | सहात् (sahāt) | सहाभ्याम् (sahābhyām) | सहेभ्यः (sahebhyaḥ) |
Genitive | सहस्य (sahasya) | सहयोः (sahayoḥ) | सहानाम् (sahānām) |
Locative | सहे (sahe) | सहयोः (sahayoḥ) | सहेषु (saheṣu) |
Feminine ā-stem declension of सह | |||
---|---|---|---|
Nom. sg. | सहा (sahā) | ||
Gen. sg. | सहायाः (sahāyāḥ) | ||
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | सहा (sahā) | सहे (sahe) | सहाः (sahāḥ) |
Vocative | सहे (sahe) | सहे (sahe) | सहाः (sahāḥ) |
Accusative | सहाम् (sahām) | सहे (sahe) | सहाः (sahāḥ) |
Instrumental | सहया (sahayā) | सहाभ्याम् (sahābhyām) | सहाभिः (sahābhiḥ) |
Dative | सहायै (sahāyai) | सहाभ्याम् (sahābhyām) | सहाभ्यः (sahābhyaḥ) |
Ablative | सहायाः (sahāyāḥ) | सहाभ्याम् (sahābhyām) | सहाभ्यः (sahābhyaḥ) |
Genitive | सहायाः (sahāyāḥ) | सहयोः (sahayoḥ) | सहानाम् (sahānām) |
Locative | सहायाम् (sahāyām) | सहयोः (sahayoḥ) | सहासु (sahāsu) |
Neuter a-stem declension of सह | |||
---|---|---|---|
Nom. sg. | सहम् (saham) | ||
Gen. sg. | सहस्य (sahasya) | ||
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | सहम् (saham) | सहे (sahe) | सहानि (sahāni) |
Vocative | सह (saha) | सहे (sahe) | सहानि (sahāni) |
Accusative | सहम् (saham) | सहे (sahe) | सहानि (sahāni) |
Instrumental | सहेन (sahena) | सहाभ्याम् (sahābhyām) | सहैः (sahaiḥ) |
Dative | सहाय (sahāya) | सहाभ्याम् (sahābhyām) | सहेभ्यः (sahebhyaḥ) |
Ablative | सहात् (sahāt) | सहाभ्याम् (sahābhyām) | सहेभ्यः (sahebhyaḥ) |
Genitive | सहस्य (sahasya) | सहयोः (sahayoḥ) | सहानाम् (sahānām) |
Locative | सहे (sahe) | सहयोः (sahayoḥ) | सहेषु (saheṣu) |
Etymology 3
edit(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Noun
editसह • (sahá) stem, n
Declension
editNeuter a-stem declension of सह | |||
---|---|---|---|
Nom. sg. | सहम् (saham) | ||
Gen. sg. | सहस्य (sahasya) | ||
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | सहम् (saham) | सहे (sahe) | सहानि (sahāni) |
Vocative | सह (saha) | सहे (sahe) | सहानि (sahāni) |
Accusative | सहम् (saham) | सहे (sahe) | सहानि (sahāni) |
Instrumental | सहेन (sahena) | सहाभ्याम् (sahābhyām) | सहैः (sahaiḥ) |
Dative | सहाय (sahāya) | सहाभ्याम् (sahābhyām) | सहेभ्यः (sahebhyaḥ) |
Ablative | सहात् (sahāt) | सहाभ्याम् (sahābhyām) | सहेभ्यः (sahebhyaḥ) |
Genitive | सहस्य (sahasya) | सहयोः (sahayoḥ) | सहानाम् (sahānām) |
Locative | सहे (sahe) | सहयोः (sahayoḥ) | सहेषु (saheṣu) |
Etymology 4
editFrom Proto-Indo-European *sm̥-gʰé ~ *sm̥-gʰó-, from *sm̥- (“whole, all, together (with)”) + *gʰé (“indeed, at any rate”, discourse/emphatic particle). The first element is equivalent to स- (sa-); the second element is equivalent to ह (ha) and also found in नहि (nahi) (< *ne-gʰí); see also हि (hi), घ (gha). Cognate with Latin singulus, Albanian gjithë.
Postposition
editसह • (sahá)
- together with, along with, with
- with √grah and ā-√dā — to take with one
- with √dā — to give to take away with one
- (with कृत्वा (kṛtvā) and accusative) taking with one; in the company of
- often as a preposition governing instrumental case, but generally placed after the governed word
- तेन सह (tena saha) — along with him
- (exceptionally with ablative)
- ऐश्वर्यात् सह (aiśvaryāt saha) — with sovereignty
- in common, in company, jointly, conjointly, in concert
- often used as a prefix in compounds, expressing "community of action"
- सहाध्ययन (sahā-dhyayana) — studying together, companionship in study
- forming adjectives expressing "the companion of an action"
- सहचर (saha-cara) — going with, accompanying, associating with
- (prefixed to adverbs of time) at the same time or simultaneously with
- सहपूर्वाह्णम् (saha-pūrvā-hṇam) — simultaneously with the beginning of forenoon
- (rarely at the end of a compound)
- वैनतेयसह (vainateya-saha) — with vainateya
Etymology 5
editFrom the preposition, probably etymologically "one who is with (another person)".
Noun
editसह • (sahá) stem, m
Declension
editMasculine a-stem declension of सह | |||
---|---|---|---|
Nom. sg. | सहः (sahaḥ) | ||
Gen. sg. | सहस्य (sahasya) | ||
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | सहः (sahaḥ) | सहौ (sahau) | सहाः (sahāḥ) |
Vocative | सह (saha) | सहौ (sahau) | सहाः (sahāḥ) |
Accusative | सहम् (saham) | सहौ (sahau) | सहान् (sahān) |
Instrumental | सहेन (sahena) | सहाभ्याम् (sahābhyām) | सहैः (sahaiḥ) |
Dative | सहाय (sahāya) | सहाभ्याम् (sahābhyām) | सहेभ्यः (sahebhyaḥ) |
Ablative | सहात् (sahāt) | सहाभ्याम् (sahābhyām) | सहेभ्यः (sahebhyaḥ) |
Genitive | सहस्य (sahasya) | सहयोः (sahayoḥ) | सहानाम् (sahānām) |
Locative | सहे (sahe) | सहयोः (sahayoḥ) | सहेषु (saheṣu) |
Descendants
editReferences
edit- Monier Williams (1899) “सह”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1193.
- Marathi terms borrowed from Sanskrit
- Marathi terms derived from Sanskrit
- Marathi lemmas
- Marathi postpositions
- Marathi prepositions
- Marathi terms with quotations
- Pali lemmas
- Pali conjunctions
- Pali terms with quotations
- Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation
- Sanskrit lemmas
- Sanskrit nouns
- Sanskrit nouns in Devanagari script
- Sanskrit masculine nouns
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms belonging to the root सह्
- Sanskrit adjectives
- Sanskrit neuter nouns
- Sanskrit postpositions
- Sanskrit terms with uncertain meaning