先天下之憂而憂,後天下之樂而樂
See also: 先天下之忧而忧,后天下之乐而乐
Chinese
editShow concern before the world does; enjoy yourself after the world does | 's; him/her/it; this | worried | and; as well as; but (not) and; as well as; but (not); yet (not); (shows causal relation); (shows change of state); (shows contrast) |
worried | back; behind; rear back; behind; rear; afterwards; after; later |
's; him/her/it; this | music; happy; laugh music; happy; laugh; cheerful |
and; as well as; but (not) and; as well as; but (not); yet (not); (shows causal relation); (shows change of state); (shows contrast) |
music; happy; laugh music; happy; laugh; cheerful | |||||
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trad. (先天下之憂而憂,後天下之樂而樂) | 先 | 天下 | 之 | 憂 | 而 | 憂 | , | 後 | 天下 | 之 | 樂 | 而 | 樂 | |
simp. (先天下之忧而忧,后天下之乐而乐) | 先 | 天下 | 之 | 忧 | 而 | 忧 | , | 后 | 天下 | 之 | 乐 | 而 | 乐 |
Etymology
editFrom Yueyang Lou Ji by 范仲淹 (Fan Zhongyan):
- 然則何時而樂耶?其必曰:「先天下之憂而憂,後天下之樂而樂」歟! [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: 范仲淹 (Fan Zhongyan), 《岳陽樓記》
- Ránzé héshí ér yuè yē? Qí bì yuē: “Xiān tiānxià zhī yōu ér yōu, hòu tiānxià zhī yuè ér yuè” yú! [Pinyin]
- So when will they be joyful? They will surely say, "Be concerned before the world is, and be joyful only after the world is joyful."
然则何时而乐耶?其必曰:「先天下之忧而忧,后天下之乐而乐」欤! [Classical Chinese, simp.]
Pronunciation
edit- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄢ ㄊㄧㄢ ㄒㄧㄚˋ ㄓ ㄧㄡ ㄦˊ ㄧㄡ , ㄏㄡˋ ㄊㄧㄢ ㄒㄧㄚˋ ㄓ ㄌㄜˋ ㄦˊ ㄌㄜˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: sian tiansià jhih you ér you, hòu tiansià jhih lè ér lè
- Wade–Giles: hsien1 tʻien1-hsia4 chih1 yu1 êrh2 yu1, hou4 tʻien1-hsia4 chih1 lê4 êrh2 lê4
- Yale: syān tyān-syà jr̄ yōu ér yōu-, hòu tyān-syà jr̄ lè ér lè
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shian tianshiah jy iou erl iou, how tianshiah jy leh erl leh
- Palladius: сянь тянься чжи ю эр ю, хоу тянься чжи лэ эр лэ (sjanʹ tjanʹsja čži ju er ju, xou tjanʹsja čži lɛ er lɛ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ɕi̯ä⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ joʊ̯⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ³⁵ joʊ̯⁵⁵ xoʊ̯⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ɕi̯ä⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ lɤ⁵¹ ˀɤɻ³⁵ lɤ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: sin1 tin1 haa6 zi1 jau1 ji4 jau1, hau6 tin1 haa6 zi1 lok6 ji4 lok6
- Yale: sīn tīn hah jī yāu yìh yāu, hauh tīn hah jī lohk yìh lohk
- Cantonese Pinyin: sin1 tin1 haa6 dzi1 jau1 ji4 jau1, hau6 tin1 haa6 dzi1 lok9 ji4 lok9
- Guangdong Romanization: xin1 tin1 ha6 ji1 yeo1 yi4 yeo1, heo6 tin1 ha6 ji1 log6 yi4 log6
- Sinological IPA (key): /siːn⁵⁵ tʰiːn⁵⁵ haː²² t͡siː⁵⁵ jɐu̯⁵⁵ jiː²¹ jɐu̯⁵⁵ hɐu̯²² tʰiːn⁵⁵ haː²² t͡siː⁵⁵ lɔːk̚² jiː²¹ lɔːk̚²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
Idiom
edit先天下之憂而憂,後天下之樂而樂
Categories:
- Literary Chinese terms with quotations
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Chinese idioms
- Mandarin idioms
- Cantonese idioms
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese terms spelled with 先
- Chinese terms spelled with 天
- Chinese terms spelled with 下
- Chinese terms spelled with 之
- Chinese terms spelled with 憂
- Chinese terms spelled with 而
- Chinese terms spelled with 後
- Chinese terms spelled with 樂