其
See also: 丌
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TranslingualEdit
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Han characterEdit
其 (Kangxi radical 12, 八+6, 8 strokes, cangjie input 廿一一金 (TMMC), four-corner 44801, composition ⿴共𠄠)
Derived charactersEdit
- 倛 掑 唭 帺 猉 淇 娸 㙋 𡸷 㥍 騏 (骐) 琪 棋 𤊄 𦝁 祺 稘 䃆 褀 蜞 粸 綨 𦓿 䑴 踑 諆 𧯯 𨡨 錤 (𫓹) 鯕 (鲯) 鶀 麒 䶞
- 剘 𨛺 斯 期 欺 㪸 䫏 𤻓 䳢 𤿺 萁 箕 㐞 基 棊 朞 惎 㫷 碁 蜝 綦 諅 㠱 魌 旗 𣗍 簸
See alsoEdit
ReferencesEdit
- KangXi: page 127, character 18
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1472
- Dae Jaweon: page 286, character 10
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 245, character 1
- Unihan data for U+5176
ChineseEdit
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其 | |
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Glyph originEdit
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References:
Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
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In the oracle bone script, it was originally 𠀠, a pictogram (象形) of a basket.
In the bronze inscriptions, 丌 was added under the basket to represent a stand. It may also have acted as a phonetic component.
Later borrowed for an Old Chinese pronoun. The derivative 箕 (OC *kɯ) refers to the original word.
EtymologyEdit
- third-person possessive pronoun
- Schuessler (2007) notes its origin is not certain because in the linguistic area pronouns tend to be of the shape KV (K=velar stop; V=vowel). Perhaps Sino-Tibetan; compare Mizo khi (“that”), Tibetan -ཀྱི, -གྱི (-kyi, -gyi, “genitive suffix”), but a Tibeto-Burman /a/ should be expected in this set. Alternatively, Proto-Austroasiatic *ki/ke ~ *ku/ko (“third person pronoun”) whose earliest form is perhaps *kɨ (Pinnow, 1965) appears to be phonologically closest to the OC word. 其 (OC *ɡɯ) may be related to 渠 (OC *ɡa, “he”).
- modal particle "should; probably"
- Probably cognate with 期 (OC *ɡɯ, “stipulated time; time”), 期 (OC *kɯ, “year”) (Serruys, 1982).
Pronunciation 1Edit
DefinitionsEdit
其
- his; her; its; their
- 子曰：「父在，觀其志；父沒，觀其行；三年無改於父之道，可謂孝矣。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: The Analects of Confucius, circa 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
- Zǐ yuē: “Fù zài, guān qí zhì; fù mò, guān qí xíng; sān nián wú gǎi yú fù zhī dào, kěwèi xiào yǐ.” [Pinyin]
- The Master said, "While a man's father is alive, look at the bent of his will; when his father is dead, look at his conduct. If for three years he does not alter from the way of his father, he may be called filial."
子曰：“父在，观其志；父没，观其行；三年无改于父之道，可谓孝矣。” [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- he; she; it; they; one
- 投其所好 ― tóuqísuǒhào ― to adapt to somebody's taste (lit. to cater to that which one likes)
- that; those
- (literary) among which; therein
- 寺僧使小僮持斧，於亂石間，擇其一二叩之，硿硿然。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: 1084, 蘇軾 (Su Shi), 石鐘山記
- Sìsēng shǐ xiǎotóng chí fǔ, yú luànshí jiān, zé qí yī'èr kòu zhī, kōngkōng rán. [Pinyin]
- The temple monk let his young servant hold an axe, and among the rocks pick one or two spots and strike at them. A sonorous sound was produced.
寺僧使小僮持斧，于乱石间，择其一二叩之，硿硿然。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- (literary) probably; perhaps
- 知進退存亡而不失其正者，其唯聖人乎！ [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: I Ching, 11th – 8th century BCE
- Zhī jìntuì cúnwáng ér bù shī qí zhèng zhě, qí wéi shèngrén hū! [Pinyin]
- The person who knows to advance and to retire, to maintain and to let perish, without ever acting incorrectly, can probably only be the sage!
知进退存亡而不失其正者，其唯圣人乎！ [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]- 子曰：「不怨天，不尤人。下學而上達。知我者，其天乎！」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: The Analects of Confucius, circa 475 – 221 BCE, Wiktionary translation
- Zǐyuē: “Bù yuàn tiān, bù yóu rén. Xià xué ér shàng dá. Zhī wǒ zhě, qí tiān hū!” [Pinyin]
- The Master replied, "I do not murmur against Heaven. I do not grumble against men. My studies lie low, and my penetration rises high. There is probably only Heaven who knows me!"
子曰：“不怨天，不尤人。下学而上达。知我者，其天乎！” [Classical Chinese, simp.]- 微管仲，吾其被髮左衽矣。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: The Analects of Confucius, circa 475 – 221 BCE, Wiktionary translation
- Wēi Guǎn Zhòng, wú qí pīfàzuǒrèn yǐ. [Pinyin]
- But without Guan Zhong, we should now be wearing our hair unbound, and the lappets of our coats buttoning on the left side.
微管仲，吾其被发左衽矣。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- (obsolete) particle indicating intention; let, shall, will
- 吾其奔也。 [Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]
- From: Commentary of Zuo, circa 4th century BCE
- Wú qí bēn yě. [Pinyin]
- I had better flee.
- (literary) adverb indicating a rhetorical question
- 若火之燎于原，不可向邇，其猶可撲滅？ [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: The Book of Documents, circa 4th – 3rd century BCE
- Ruò huǒ zhī liáo yú yuán, bùkěxiàng'ěr, qí yóu kě pūmiè? [Pinyin]
- When a fire is blazing in the flames so that it cannot be approached, can it still be beaten out?
若火之燎于原，不可向迩，其犹可扑灭？ [Classical Chinese, simp.]- 晉不可啟，寇不可玩；一之謂甚，其可再乎！ [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: Commentary of Zuo, circa 4th century BCE
- Jìn bùkě qǐ, kòu bùkě wán; yī zhī wèi shèn, qí kě zài hū! [Pinyin]
- The greed of Jin is not to be triggered; robbers are not to be ignored. Once is already too much; how can there be a second occurrence?
晋不可启，寇不可玩；一之谓甚，其可再乎！ [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- (literary) adverb indicating imperative
- 秦王使人謂安陵君曰：「寡人欲以五百里之地易安陵，安陵君其許寡人！」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: Zhanguo Ce, circa 5th – 3rd centuries BCE
- Qín wáng shǐ rén wèi Ānlíng Jūn yuē: “Guǎrén yù yǐ wǔbǎi lǐ zhī dì yì Ānlíng, Ānlíng Jūn qí xǔ guǎrén!” [Pinyin]
- The king of Qin dispatched envoys to tell Anling Jun, "I would like to exchange five hundred li of land for Anling. Please accept my offer!"
秦王使人谓安陵君曰：“寡人欲以五百里之地易安陵，安陵君其许寡人！” [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- (obsolete) if
- (obsolete) conjunction indicating a question with choices; or
- 今老邪？其欲干酒肉之味邪？其寡人亦有社稷之福邪？ [Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]
- From: Zhuangzi, circa 3rd – 2nd centuries BCE
- Jīn lǎo yé? Qí yù gān jiǔròu zhī wèi yé? Qí guǎrén yì yǒu shèjì zhī fú yé? [Pinyin]
- Are you now old? Or are you seeking the taste of wine and meat? Or may I enjoy the happiness derived from the spirits of the altars of the Land and Grain?
- 晏子避席曰：「請飲而後辭乎？其辭而後飲乎？」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: Annals of Master Yan, circa 3rd century BCE
- Yànzǐ bìxí yuē: “Qǐng yǐn érhòu cí hū? Qí cí érhòu yǐn hū?” [Pinyin]
- Yanzi stood up from his seat and asked, "Should I drink the cup of wine before explaining? Or should I explain before drinking the cup of wine?"
晏子避席曰：“请饮而后辞乎？其辞而后饮乎？” [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- (Min Dong or obsolete) possessive particle.
- A surname.
SynonymsEdit
CompoundsEdit
Derived terms from 其
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Pronunciation 2Edit
DefinitionsEdit
其
- (obsolete) Used at the end of a sentence to show doubt.
- 夜如何其？ [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]
- From: The Classic of Poetry, circa 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
- Yè rúhé jī? [Pinyin]
- How goes the night?
- (obsolete) Used in personal names.
ReferencesEdit
- (Hakka) Lau, Chun-fat. Hakka Pinyin Dictionary (Chinese). Hong Kong: The Chinese University Press, 1997 (Chinese IME supplement) →ISBN.
- (Min Nan) “Entry #3600”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.
- “其”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
- Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A00292
JapaneseEdit
KanjiEdit
其
(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)
ReadingsEdit
- Go-on: ぎ (gi); ご (go)
- Kan-on: き (ki)
- Kun: その (sono, 其の); それ (sore, 其れ); それ (sore, 其); し (shi, 其)
- Nanori: その (sono)
CompoundsEdit
PronounEdit
KoreanEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Middle Chinese 其 (MC ɡɨ).
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PronunciationEdit
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ki]
- Phonetic hangul: [기]
HanjaEdit
- (literary) Hanja form? of 기 (“therein”).
- (literary) Hanja form? of 기 (“his; her; its; their”).
- (literary) Hanja form? of 기 (“that; those”).
- 1914, Na Hye-sok, 나혜석(羅蕙錫), 이상적 부인(理想的夫人) (isangjeok bu'in) [An ideal wife]:
CompoundsEdit
Compounds
- 기간 (其間, gigan)
- 기타 (其他, gita)
- 각기 (各其, gakgi)
- 기여 (其餘, giyeo)
- 급기 (及其, geupgi)
- 기외 (其外, gioe)
- 기역 (其亦, giyeok)
- 기수 (其數, gisu)
- 기중 (其中, gijung)
- 기처 (其處, gicheo)
- 기차 (其次, gicha)
- 급기야 (及其也, geupgiya)
- 급기시 (及其時, geupgisi)
- 기역시 (其亦是, giyeoksi)
- 즉기시 (卽其時, jeukgisi)
- 사기사 (事其事, sagisa)
- 득기소 (得其所, deukgiso)
- 적기시 (適其時, jeokgisi)
- 거기중 (居其中, geogijung)
- 어기중 (於其中, eogijung)
- 출기불의 (出其不意, chulgiburui)
ReferencesEdit
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]
VietnameseEdit
Han characterEdit
其: Hán Nôm readings: kì, kỳ, cà, khởi
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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