何時

See also: 何时

Chinese edit

		carry; what; how carry; what; how; why; which	o'clock; time; when o'clock; time; when; hour; season; period
trad. (何時)		何	時
simp. (何时)		何	时

Pronunciation edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): héshí

(Zhuyin): ㄏㄜˊ ㄕˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): ho⁴ si⁴
Hakka (Meixian, Guangdong): ho² si²
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): hô-sî

(Teochew, Peng'im): ho⁵ si⁵

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: héshí
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄜˊ ㄕˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: héshíh
  - Wade–Giles: ho²-shih²
  - Yale: hé-shŕ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hershyr
  - Palladius: хэши (xɛši)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xɤ³⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/
  - Homophones:
    [Show/Hide]
    ^edit
    ^edit
    何時／何时
    和食
    核實／核实
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: ho⁴ si⁴
  - Yale: hòh sìh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: ho⁴ si⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: ho⁴ xi⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɔː²¹ siː²¹/
Hakka
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: ho² si²
  - Sinological IPA: /ho¹¹ sz̩¹¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hô-sî
  - Tâi-lô: hô-sî
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hoisii
  - IPA (Xiamen): /ho²⁴⁻²² si²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ho²⁴⁻²² si²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /ho¹³⁻²² si¹³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /ho²⁴⁻¹¹ si²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɤ²³⁻³³ si²³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: ho⁵ si⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hô sî
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ho⁵⁵⁻¹¹ si⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: ha dzyi

Rime
Character	何	時
Reading #	1/2	1/1
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)	常 (25)
Final (韻)	歌 (94)	之 (19)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	III
Fanqie	胡歌切	市之切
Baxter	ha	dzyi
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦɑ/	/d͡ʑɨ/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦɑ/	/d͡ʑɨ/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣɑ/	/d͡ʑie/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦa/	/d͡ʑɨ/
Li Rong	/ɣɑ/	/ʑiə/
Wang Li	/ɣɑ/	/ʑĭə/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɣɑ/	/ʑi/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	hé	chí
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ho⁴	si⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɡ]ˤaj [d]ə/

(Zhengzhang): /*ɡaːl djɯ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	何	時
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	hé	shí
Middle Chinese	‹ ha ›	‹ dzyi ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɡ]ˁaj/	/[d]ə/ (~ [d]əʔ)
English	what	time
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	何	時
Reading #	1/2	1/1
No.	7458	12042
Phonetic component	可	寺
Rime group	歌	之
Rime subdivision	1	0
Corresponding MC rime	何	時
Old Chinese	/*ɡaːl/	/*djɯ/

Pronoun edit

何時

(literary) when; what time
無論何時何地，只要你有困難或有任何疑問，都歡迎隨時聯繫我。 [MSC, trad.]
无论何时何地，只要你有困难或有任何疑问，都欢迎随时联系我。 [MSC, simp.]
Wúlùn héshí hédì, zhǐyào nǐ yǒu kùnnan huò yǒu rènhé yíwèn, dōu huānyíng suíshí liánxì wǒ. [Pinyin]
No matter when or where you have any difficulties or questions, please feel free to contact me.
- 唉，我不知何時再能與他相見。 [MSC, trad.]
  唉，我不知何时再能与他相见。 [MSC, simp.]
  From: 1925, 朱自清 (Zhu Ziqing), 背影 (Retreating Figure)
  Ài, wǒ bùzhī héshí zài néng yǔ tā xiāngjiàn. [Pinyin]
  Alas, I do not know when I will see him again.

Synonyms edit

Dialectal synonyms of 什麼時候 (“when”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		曷, 何時, 幾時
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		何時, 幾時, 什麼時候
Mandarin	Beijing	多咱兒, 多會兒, 多咱, 多早, 多早晚兒, 多咱晚兒, 多晚兒, 幾兒, 幾兒個
	Taiwan	什麼時候
	Tianjin	多咱, 多晚兒
	Tangshan	啥時候, 多前兒
	Cangzhou	多咱兒
	Baoding	多會兒, 多怎
	Shijiazhuang	多會兒
	Chifeng	啥時候, 多會兒, 多前兒
	Hulunbuir (Hailar)	啥時候兒
	Harbin	什麼時候, 啥時候, 多會兒, 多咱, 多晚, 多晚兒
	Shenyang	什麼時候, 啥時候, 多會兒, 多咱
	Yantai (Muping)	多亥兒, 多時晚兒
	Qingdao	多咱, 多會兒
	Jinan	多咱, 什麼時候, 麼時候
	Luoyang	多咱晚兒, 啥時候兒
	Wanrong	多乎
	Wanrong (Ronghe)	幾當番
	Zhengzhou	啥時候兒, 多早兒
	Xi'an	什麼時候, 啥時候, 幾時
	Yinchuan	幾時, 多會, 多會兒, 啥時候
	Lanzhou	什麼時節
	Xining	多乎兒, 啥時候, 阿個時候, 阿會兒, 阿空兒, 多咱
	Ürümqi	啥時節, 啥時候, 多會兒
	Wuhan	麼咱, 幾時, 幾咱, 幾麼咱, 哪咱, 哪麼咱, 什麼時候
	Chengdu	哪陣, 哪陣子, 啥子時候, 啥子時候兒, 啥時候兒, 哪個時候, 好久
	Guiyang	好久, 哪崗, 哪下, 哪陣, 哪樣時候
	Kunming	什麼時候, 多陣, 哪陣
	Guilin	什麼時候
	Liuzhou	幾時, 哪時, 什麼時候
	Xuzhou	早晚, 多咱, 多會兒, 啥時候, 什麼時候
	Yangzhou	什麼時候, 多晚子, 多晚
	Nanjing	什麼時候, 幾時, 多咱, 多咱子
	Hefei	哄晌子
	Nantong	什麼時候, 多早晚
	Malaysia	幾時, 什麼時候
	Singapore	幾時, 什麼時候
	Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)	啥時候兒, 幾時, 多會兒
	Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan)	啥時候, 幾時
Cantonese	Guangzhou	幾時
	Hong Kong	幾時
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)	幾時
	Macau	幾時, 乜嘢時候
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	幾時, 邊時
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	幾時
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	幾時
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	乜時候
	Foshan	幾時
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	乜嘢時候
	Foshan (Shunde)	幾時
	Foshan (Sanshui)	幾時
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	幾時
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	幾時
	Zhuhai (Qianshan)	幾時
	Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka)	幾時
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	幾時
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	幾時
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	幾時
	Taishan	幾時
	Kaiping (Chikan)	幾時
	Enping (Niujiang)	幾時
	Heshan (Yayao)	幾時
	Dongguan	幾時, 乜嘢時候
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	幾時
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	幾時
	Singapore (Guangfu)	幾時
Gan	Nanchang	幾場中, 幾時間
	Lichuan	什仔時分
	Pingxiang	咋個時會, 咋個時仔, 幾時, 幾時仔
Hakka	Meixian	幾時, 麼個時候
	Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)	一惹時候
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	幾時
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	幾時
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	耐幾時
	Conghua (Lütian)	麼個時候
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	幾時, 哪久, 哪下, 哪央時, 麼個央時, 麼個時節
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	幾時, 哪久, 哪下, 哪下仔, 哪時, 哪時節, 麼個時節
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	幾時, 哪久, 哪下, 哪當時, 哪量時, 麼個時節
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	幾時, 哪久, 哪下, 哪時, 哪央時, 麼個時節
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	幾時, 哪久, 哪下, 哪央時, 哪量時, 麼個央時, 麼個時節
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	幾時, 哪時, 麼個時, 麼個時務
	Senai (Huiyang)	幾時
	Kuching (Hepo)	幾時
Huizhou	Jixi	麼老時候, 何時, 哪一歇
	Shexian	麼唉時候, 哪扎
	Tunxi	底物時候, 底物時間
	Xiuning	底物時候
	Yixian	什麼時候
	Wuyuan	底物時候
Jin	Taiyuan	什時候, 多會兒
	Xinzhou	什會兒, 多會兒, 哪會兒, 什麼時候, 什時候
	Linhe	什時候, 多咱會兒
	Jining	多會兒
	Hohhot	什時候
	Zhangjiakou	什麼時候, 多會兒
	Handan	啥時候
Northern Min	Jian'ou	孰時候, 孰麼時候
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	什乇辰候, 乜乇時間
Eastern Min	Matsu	什乇時候
Southern Min	Xiamen	底時
	Quanzhou	底時
	Jinjiang	底時
	Zhangzhou	底時
	Tainan	當時, 底時, 底當時
	Penang (Hokkien)	底時, 幾時
	Singapore (Hokkien)	底時, 𫢗時
	Manila (Hokkien)	底時, 幾時
	Longyan	幾時, 幾當仔, 幾當時仔
	Shantou	乜時候, 𫢗時
	Shantou (Chenghai)	𫢗時, 底𫢗時
	Jieyang	底𫢗時, 𫢗時
	Haifeng	底時, 𫢗時
	Bangkok (Teochew)	底𫢗時
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	底𫢗時
	Singapore (Teochew)	𫢗時, 底時
	Leizhou	乜候
	Haikou	底時候, 乜時候, 底時, 底個時候, 乜物時候, 乜個時候, 個乜時候
Zhongshan Min	Shaxi (Longdu)	幾時
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	幾時, 哪時
Wu	Shanghai	啥辰光
	Shanghai (Chongming)	何辰光, 幾場浪
	Suzhou	啥辰光
	Danyang	哪歇候, 哪娘收, 哪早晚, 點高時候
	Hangzhou	啥格辰光
	Ningbo	啥辰光, 咋辰光, 幾時
	Wenzhou	何時節, 幾恁界
	Jinhua	幾時, 淡時節, 哪樣時節, 哪樣節, 哪時節, 待時節, 哪孑, 哪孑時節
Xiang	Changsha	麼子時候
Xiang	Loudi	麼子時際, 麼子時界, 麼子時界唧

Japanese edit

Etymology 1 edit

Kanji in this term
何	時
いつ
Grade: 2	Grade: 2
jukujikun

For pronunciation and definitions of 何時 – see the following entry.

【いつ】	[pronoun] when

(This term, 何時, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Etymology 2 edit

Kanji in this term
何	時
なん Grade: 2	じ Grade: 2
yutōyomi

Compound of 何 (nan, “what”) +‎ 時 (ji, “hour”).^[1] The nan portion is derived from Old Japanese 何 (nani, “what”), while the ji portion is derived from Middle Chinese 時 (MC dzyi).

Pronunciation edit

(Tokyo) なんじ [náꜜǹjì] (Atamadaka – [1])^[2]^[3]
IPA^(key): [nã̠ɲ̟d͡ʑi]

Pronoun edit

何(なん)時(じ) • (nanji)

what time, when
今(いま)何(なん)時(じ)ですか
ima nanji desu ka
What time is it right now?

Usage notes edit

Often spelled in kanji. Nanji is more commonly used to mean when in terms of time of day, while itsu is more commonly used to mean when in terms of dates or days.

Etymology 3 edit

Kanji in this term
何	時
なん Grade: 2	とき > どき Grade: 2
kun’yomi

Alternative spelling
何刻 (rare)

Compound of 何 (nan, “what”) +‎ 時 (toki, “time”).^[1]^[2] The toki changes to doki as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

Pronunciation edit

(Tokyo) なんどき [nàńdókí] (Heiban – [0])^[2]^[3]^[4]
IPA^(key): [nã̠ndo̞kʲi]

Pronoun edit

何(なん)時(どき) • (nandoki)

(dated) what time, when

Usage notes edit

Use is more limited than nanji or itsu. Most commonly found in set phrase いつなんどき (itsu nandoki), comparable to English phrase “when and at what time”, but only used when expressing ignorance, never used in questions.^[1]
May sound old-fashioned.^[2]^[4]

References edit

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 “何時”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎^[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
↑ ^4.0 ^4.1 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NKD-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 “何時”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎^[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000

[DJR-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-3] 3.0 ^3.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN

[SMK5-4] 4.0 ^4.1 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]