制服

Chinese

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): zhìfú

  (Zhuyin): ㄓˋ ㄈㄨˊ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): zi⁴ fu²

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): zai³ fuk⁶

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): zai¹ fuuk⁵

• Gan (Wiktionary): zi⁴ fuh
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): chṳ-fu̍k

  (Meixian, Guangdong): zi⁴ fug⁶

• Jin (Wiktionary): zi³ feh⁵
• Eastern Min (BUC): cié-hŭk
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): chè-ho̍k / chì-ho̍k

  (Teochew, Peng'im): zi³ hog⁸

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵tsy-voq
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): zhr⁴ fu

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zhìfú
    • Zhuyin: ㄓˋ ㄈㄨˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jhìhfú
    • Wade–Giles: chih⁴-fu²
    • Yale: jr̀-fú
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyhfwu
    • Palladius: чжифу (čžifu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹ fu³⁵/
    • Homophones:

      [Show/Hide]
      edit edit 制服 至福

  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: zi⁴ fu²
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: zfu
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sz̩²¹³ fu²¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: zai³ fuk⁶
    • Yale: jai fuhk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzai³ fuk⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: zei³ fug⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɐi̯³³ fʊk̚²/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: zai¹ fuuk⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sai³³ fɵk̚³²/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: zi⁴ fuh
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sz̩³⁵ fuʔ²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chṳ-fu̍k
    • Hakka Romanization System: zii fug
    • Hagfa Pinyim: zi⁴ fug⁶
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sɨ⁵⁵ fuk̚⁵/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: zi⁴ fug⁶
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sz̩⁵³ fʊk̚⁵/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: zi³ feh⁵
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡sz̩⁴⁵ fəʔ⁵⁴/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: cié-hŭk
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sie²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ^(h-)uʔ⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chè-ho̍k
    • Tâi-lô: tsè-ho̍k
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zea'hok
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡se¹¹⁻⁵³ hɔk̚⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡se²¹⁻⁴¹ hɔk̚⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡se⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ hɔk̚²⁴/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡se²¹⁻⁵³ hɔk̚⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chì-ho̍k
    • Tâi-lô: tsì-ho̍k
    • Phofsit Daibuun: cie'hok
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡si²¹⁻⁵³ hɔk̚¹²¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: zi³ hog⁸
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsì ho̍k
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡si²¹³⁻⁵⁵ hok̚⁴/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁵tsy-voq
    • MiniDict: tsy^去 voh
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²tsr-voq
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sz̩³³ voʔ⁴⁴/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: zhr⁴ fu
    • Sinological IPA ^(key) (old-style): /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁴⁵ ɸu³/
    • Sinological IPA ^(key) (new-style): /t͡sz̩⁴⁵ ɸu³/

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• Middle Chinese: tsyejH bjuwk

Rime
Character	制	服
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	章 (23)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	祭 (35)	屋 (4)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	征例切	房六切
Baxter	tsyejH	bjuwk
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕiᴇiH/	/bɨuk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕiɛiH/	/biuk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕjæiH/	/biuk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ciajH/	/buwk̚/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕiɛiH/	/biuk̚/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕĭɛiH/	/bĭuk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡ɕi̯ɛiH/	/bʱi̯uk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhì	fú
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zai3	fuk6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*tet-s  [b]ək|[b]əʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*kjeds  bɯɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	制	服	服	服	服
Reading #	1/1	1/4	2/4	3/4	4/4
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhì	fú	fú	fú	fù
Middle Chinese	‹ tsyejH ›	‹ bjuwk ›	‹ bjuwk ›	‹ bjuwk ›	‹ bjuwX ›
Old Chinese	/*tet-s/	/*[b]ək/	/*[b]ək/	/*[b]ək/	/*[b]əʔ/
English	cut out, prepare	quiver (n.)	garment; wear (v.)	subdue, submit	box of a carriage
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	制	服
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	17377	3366
Phonetic component	制	服
Rime group	祭	職
Rime subdivision	2	0
Corresponding MC rime	制	伏
Old Chinese	/*kjeds/	/*bɯɡ/

Etymology 1

		to control	to serve; to obey
simp. and trad. (制服)		制	服
alternative forms		制伏

Verb

制服

1. to subdue; to overpower

Synonyms

• 收服 (shōufú)
• 治服 (zhìfú)
• 降伏 (xiángfú)
• 降服
• 馴服／驯服 (xùnfú)

 

Etymology 2

		system	clothing
simp. and trad. (制服)		制	服

Noun

制服

1. (clothing) uniform

Antonyms

• 便衣 (biànyī)

See also

• 軍服／军服 (jūnfú)
• 軍裝／军装 (jūnzhuāng)
• 校服 (xiàofú)

Etymology 3

		to regulate	clothing
simp. and trad. (制服)		制	服

Verb

制服

1. (literary) to regulate what one is allowed to wear (depending on social status)

Etymology 4

		mourning rite on behalf of parents' deaths in ancient China	clothing
simp. and trad. (制服)		制	服

Noun

制服

1. (literary) mourning garment

Japanese

Kanji in this term
制	服
せい Grade: 5	ふく Grade: 3
on'yomi

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) せーふく [sèéfúkú] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [se̞ːɸɯ̟̊kɯ̟]

Noun

制(せい)服(ふく) • (seifuku) 

1. (clothing) uniform

Synonyms

• ユニフォーム (yunifōmu)

Korean

Hanja in this term
制	服

Noun

制服 • (jebok) (hangeul 제복)

1. hanja form^? of 제복 (“uniform”)