曼陀羅

Chinese

		phonetic
trad. (曼陀羅)		曼	陀	羅
simp. (曼陀罗)		曼	陀	罗

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): màntuóluó

  (Zhuyin): ㄇㄢˋ ㄊㄨㄛˊ ㄌㄨㄛˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): maan⁶ to⁴ lo⁴

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: màntuóluó
    • Zhuyin: ㄇㄢˋ ㄊㄨㄛˊ ㄌㄨㄛˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: màntuóluó
    • Wade–Giles: man⁴-tʻo²-lo²
    • Yale: màn-twó-lwó
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: manntwoluo
    • Palladius: маньтоло (manʹtolo)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /män⁵¹ tʰu̯ɔ³⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: maan⁶ to⁴ lo⁴
    • Yale: maahn tòh lòh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: maan⁶ to⁴ lo⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: man⁶ to⁴ lo⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /maːn²² tʰɔː²¹ lɔː²¹/

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• Middle Chinese: man da la

Rime
Character	曼	陀	羅
Reading #	1/2	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	明 (4)	定 (7)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	桓 (62)	歌 (94)	歌 (94)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	I	I
Fanqie	母官切	徒河切	魯何切
Baxter	man	da	la
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/muɑn/	/dɑ/	/lɑ/
Pan Wuyun	/mʷɑn/	/dɑ/	/lɑ/
Shao Rongfen	/muɑn/	/dɑ/	/lɑ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/mwan/	/da/	/la/
Li Rong	/muɑn/	/dɑ/	/lɑ/
Wang Li	/muɑn/	/dɑ/	/lɑ/
Bernard Karlgren	/muɑn/	/dʱɑ/	/lɑ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	mán	tuó	luó
Expected Cantonese Reflex	mun4	to4	lo4

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Sanskrit मान्दार (māndāra, “māndāra flower, one of the four kinds of flowers said to bloom in heaven in Buddhism”). In various Sanskrit Lotus Sutra texts, the forms attested were मान्दारव (māndārava) or मन्दारव (mandārava).

Noun

曼陀羅

1. (～花, ～華) jimsonweed; Devil's snare (Datura stramonium)

Synonyms

• 山茄子 (shānqiézi)

Derived terms

• 大花曼陀羅／大花曼陀罗

 

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Sanskrit मण्डल (maṇḍala, “round; circular”).

Noun

曼陀羅

1. Synonym of 曼荼羅／曼荼罗 (màntúluó, “mandala”)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (曼陀羅):

• → Japanese: 曼(まん)陀(だ)羅(ら) (mandara)
• → Korean: 만다라(曼陀羅) (mandara)
• → Vietnamese: mạn đà la (曼陀羅)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
曼	陀	羅
まん Hyōgaiji	だ Jinmeiyō	ら Grade: S
on’yomi

Etymology

The kanji is ateji (当て字), from Chinese 曼陀羅／曼陀罗 (màntuóluó).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) まんだら [màńdárá] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [mã̠nda̠ɾa̠]

Noun

曼(まん)陀(だ)羅(ら) • (mandara) 

1. Alternative spelling of 曼荼羅 (“(Hinduism, Buddhism) mandala”)