濤

See also: 涛

濤	U+6FE4, 濤 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6FE4

← 濣
[U+6FE3]

CJK Unified Ideographs

濥 →
[U+6FE5]

Translingual edit

Han character edit

濤 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+14, 17 strokes, cangjie input 水土弓戈 (EGNI), four-corner 3414₁, composition ⿰氵壽)

Derived characters edit

𤒵

References edit

Kangxi Dictionary: page 656, character 12
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 18508
Dae Jaweon: page 1066, character 16
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1765, character 16
Unihan data for U+6FE4

Chinese edit

trad.		濤
simp.		涛
alternative forms		𨞪／𫜷𣾭𣵬

Glyph origin edit

Historical forms of the character 濤
Shang	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Oracle bone script	Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (壽) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
禱	tuːʔ, tuːs
擣	*tuːʔ
檮	tuːʔ, duː, *du
壔	*tuːʔ
懤	tuːʔ, du, *dus
濤	duː, duː
燾	duː, duːs
翿	duː, duːs
幬	duːs, du
儔	duːs, du
譸	*tu
籌	*du
疇	*du
躊	*du
燽	*du
薵	*du
魗	tʰjuʔ, dju
醻	*dju
壽	djuʔ, djus
璹	djuʔ, djuɡ
鑄	*tjos

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *duː, *duː): semantic 氵 + phonetic 壽 (OC *djuʔ, *djus).

Pronunciation edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): tāo, táo

(Zhuyin): ㄊㄠ, ㄊㄠˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): tou⁴
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): thò
Min Dong (BUC): dò̤
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): tô / tô͘

(Teochew, Peng'im): tiu⁵ / tao⁵
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Shanghainese): ⁶dau

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: tāo
  - Zhuyin: ㄊㄠ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: tao
  - Wade–Giles: tʻao¹
  - Yale: tāu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tau
  - Palladius: тао (tao)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰɑʊ̯⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: táo
  - Zhuyin: ㄊㄠˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: táo
  - Wade–Giles: tʻao²
  - Yale: táu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: taur
  - Palladius: тао (tao)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰɑʊ̯³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: tou⁴
  - Yale: tòuh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tou⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: tou⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰou̯²¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thò
  - Hakka Romanization System: toˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: to²
  - Sinological IPA: /tʰo¹¹/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: dò̤
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /to⁵³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tô
  - Tâi-lô: tô
  - Phofsit Daibuun: dooi
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /to¹³/
  - IPA (Taipei, Xiamen): /to²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tɤ²³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tô͘
  - Tâi-lô: tôo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: doo
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tɔ²⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: tiu⁵ / tao⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: thiû / thâu
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰiu⁵⁵/, /tʰau⁵⁵/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wugniu: ⁶dau
  - Wiktionary Romanisation: ³dau
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /dɔ²³/

Middle Chinese: daw

Rime
Character	濤
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	定 (7)
Final (韻)	豪 (89)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	徒刀切
Baxter	daw
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/dɑu/
Pan Wuyun	/dɑu/
Shao Rongfen	/dɑu/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/daw/
Li Rong	/dɑu/
Wang Li	/dɑu/
Bernard Karlgren	/dʱɑu/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	táo
Expected Cantonese Reflex	tou⁴

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*duː/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	濤	濤
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	11684	11686
Phonetic component	壽	壽
Rime group	幽	幽
Rime subdivision	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	陶	陶
Old Chinese	/*duː/	/*duː/