Wiktionary

刀

See also: ㄉ and 力
刀 U+5200, 刀
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5200
← 凿
[U+51FF] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 刁 →
[U+5201]
⼑ U+2F11, ⼑
KANGXI RADICAL KNIFE
← ⼐
[U+2F10] 		Kangxi Radicals ⼒ →
[U+2F12]

TranslingualEdit

Stroke order
 
Stroke order
 

Alternative formsEdit

  • 刂 (when used as a right radical component)

Han characterEdit

See images of
Radical 18 刀

刀 (radical 18, 刀+0, 2 strokes, cangjie input 尸竹 (SH), four-corner 17220, composition ⿹𠃌丿)

  1. Kangxi radical #18, ⼑.

Derived charactersEdit

DescendantsEdit

ReferencesEdit

  • KangXi: page 135, character 24
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1845
  • Dae Jaweon: page 304, character 4
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 319, character 12
  • Unihan data for U+5200

ChineseEdit

simp. and trad.
 刀
alternative forms 𠚣
 
Wikipedia has an article on:
 
不銹鋼及陶瓷刀

Glyph originEdit

Historical forms of the character 刀
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Chu Slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
           
Characters in the same phonetic series (刀) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
刀 *taːw
忉 *taːw
鱽
舠 *taːw
朷 *taːw, *moːɡ
叨 *tuːw, *l̥ʰaːw
倒 *taːwʔ, *taːws
到 *taːws
菿 *taːws, *rtaːwɢ
鞀 *deːw
鳭 *rteːw, *teːw
灱 *hreːw
菬 *sdew, *tjewʔ
超 *tʰew
怊 *tʰew, *tʰjew
欩 *tʰew
召 *dews, *djews
昭 *tjew
招 *tjew
鉊 *tjew
沼 *tjewʔ
照 *tjews
詔 *tjews
炤 *tjews
弨 *tʰjew, *tʰjewʔ
眧 *tʰjewʔ
韶 *djew
佋 *djew, *djewʔ
軺 *djew, *lew
玿 *djew
柖 *djew
紹 *djewʔ
袑 *djewʔ
綤 *djewʔ
邵 *djews
劭 *djews
卲 *djews
刁 *teːw
芀 *teːw, *deːw
貂 *teːw
蛁 *teːw
迢 *deːw
苕 *deːw
髫 *deːw
岧 *deːw

Pictogram (象形).

Etymology 1Edit

Unclear. Here are several proposals:

PronunciationEdit

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 刀
Mandarin Beijing /tɑu⁵⁵/
Harbin /tau⁴⁴/
Tianjin /tɑu²¹/
Jinan /tɔ²¹³/
Qingdao /tɔ²¹³/
Zhengzhou /tau²⁴/
Xi'an /tau²¹/
Xining /tɔ⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /tɔ⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /tɔ³¹/
Ürümqi /tɔ⁴⁴/
Wuhan /tau⁵⁵/
Chengdu /tau⁵⁵/
Guiyang /tao⁵⁵/
Kunming /tɔ⁴⁴/
Nanjing /tɔo³¹/
Hefei /tɔ²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /tau¹¹/
Pingyao /tɔ¹³/
Hohhot /tɔ³¹/
Wu Shanghai /tɔ⁵³/
Suzhou /tæ⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /tɔ³³/
Wenzhou /tɜ³³/
Hui Shexian /tɔ³¹/
Tunxi /tə¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /tau³³/
Xiangtan /taɯ³³/
Gan Nanchang /tɑu⁴²/
Hakka Meixian /tau⁴⁴/
Taoyuan /to²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /tou⁵³/
Nanning /tu⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /tou⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /to⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /to⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /tau⁵⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /to³³/
Haikou (Min Nan) /ʔdo²³/
Rime
Character 刀
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 端 (5)
Final (韻) 豪 (89)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 都勞切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/tɑu/
Pan
Wuyun 		/tɑu/
Shao
Rongfen 		/tɑu/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/taw/
Li
Rong 		/tɑu/
Wang
Li 		/tɑu/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/tɑu/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		dāo
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		dou1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 刀
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		dāo
Middle
Chinese 		‹ taw ›
Old
Chinese 		/*C.tˁaw/
English knife

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 刀
Reading # 1/1
No. 2108
Phonetic
component 		刀
Rime
group 		宵
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese 		/*taːw/

DefinitionsEdit

刀

  1. knife; blade (Classifier: 把 m c; 張／张 c)
  2. single-edged sword; cutlass
  3. Classifier for sets of one hundred sheets of paper.
  4. Classifier for incisions with a knife, blade, single-edged sword, etc.
  5. (neologism, Internet) to bargain; to negotiate on price
  6. A surname​.

SynonymsEdit

  • (to bargain):

CompoundsEdit

Derived terms from 刀

DescendantsEdit

Sino-Xenic (刀):
  • → Japanese: 刀(とう) (tō)
  • → Korean: 도 (刀, do)
  • → Vietnamese: đao (刀)

Others:

Etymology 2Edit

From English dollar.

PronunciationEdit

DefinitionsEdit

刀

  1. (neologism, colloquial) dollar

CompoundsEdit

Etymology 3Edit

For pronunciation and definitions of 刀 – see 刁 (“treacherous; crafty; deceitful; to tempt; etc.”).
(This character, 刀, is a variant form of 刁.)

JapaneseEdit

 
Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja

KanjiEdit

刀

(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

ReadingsEdit

CompoundsEdit

Compounds with irregular readings of 刀

Etymology 1Edit

Kanji in this term
刀
かたな
Grade: 2
kun’yomi
Alternative spelling
釖 (uncommon)

Compound of 片 (kata, “one side”) +‎ な (na, “edge”).[1][2][3] This na element is spelled in monolingual Japanese sources as 刃 (“edge, blade”), but there is no historical attestation for any na reading for this character.

First cited to the Nihon Shoki of 720 C.E..[1]

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

刀(かたな) • (katana) 

  1. [from 720] (weaponry) a single-edged sword, such as a katana
    • 1999 September 23, “鎧(よろい)武(む)者(しゃ)ゾンビ [Armored Musha Zombie]”, in Vol.5, Konami:
      怨(おん)念(ねん)により蘇(よみがえ)った武(む)者(しゃ)。闇(やみ)雲(くも)にふりまわすカタナに注(ちゅう)意(い)。
      Onnen ni yori yomigaetta musha. Yamikumo ni furimawasu katana ni chūi.
      A musha reanimated by deep hatred. Watch out when he brandishes his katana.
    Coordinate terms: 剣 (tsurugi, “double-edged sword”), 脇差 (wakizashi, “traditional Japanese shortsword”), 短刀 (tantō, “traditional Japanese knife or dagger”), 大小 (daishō, ““big and small”: the katana and wakizashi as a set”)
  2. [from 934] a small single-edged blade
    Synonym: 切れ物 (kiremono)
Derived termsEdit
Derived terms
IdiomsEdit
Idioms

Etymology 2Edit

Kanji in this term
刀
とう
Grade: 2
kan’on

/tau/ → /tɔː/ → /toː/

Ultimately from Middle Chinese 刀 (MC tɑu). Compare modern Mandarin 刀 (dāo).

First cited as an independent noun to a text from 1895.[1] Cited in compounds since at least the 800s C.E..[1]

PronunciationEdit

AffixEdit

刀(とう) • (tō) ←たう (tau)?

  1. [from 800s] sword, knife, blade

NounEdit

刀(とう) • (tō) ←たう (tau)?

  1. [from 1908] a sword, a katana
    Synonyms: 刀 (katana), 刀剣 (tōken)
  2. [from 1895] a scalpel, such as that used by a surgeon
    Synonym: メス (mesu)
  3. [from 1913] a kind of bronze or copper money in ancient China, shaped a bit like a sword
    Synonyms: 刀銭 (tōsen), 刀泉 (tōsen)
Derived termsEdit
Derived terms

Terms beginning with 刀:

Terms ending with 刀:

ReferencesEdit

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. ^ 1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 1997, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

KoreanEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Middle Chinese 刀 (MC tɑu).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 도ᇢ (Yale: twòw)
Middle Korean
Text Eumhun
Gloss (hun) Reading
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[2] 갈〮 (Yale: kál) 도 (Yale: twò)

PronunciationEdit

HanjaEdit

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

刀 (eumhun 칼 도 (kal do))

  1. Hanja form? of 도 (“sword; knife”). [affix]

CompoundsEdit

Compounds

ReferencesEdit

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [3]

Old KoreanEdit

ParticleEdit

刀 (*-two)

  1. as well; too; either, or (negative) neither, nor

DescendantsEdit

  • Middle Korean: 도〮 (-twó)
    • Korean: 도 (-do)

VietnameseEdit

Han characterEdit

刀: Hán Nôm readings: đao, dao, đeo

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

ReferencesEdit

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