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刀

刀 U+5200, 刀
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5200
← 凿
[U+51FF]		 CJK Unified Ideographs 刁 →
[U+5201]
See also: ㄉ

Contents

TranslingualEdit

Stroke order
 

Alternative formsEdit

  • 刂 (when used as a right Radical)

Han characterEdit

 
See images of
Radical 18 刀

刀 (radical 18 刀+0, 2 strokes, cangjie input 尸竹 (SH), four-corner 17220)

  1. Kangxi radical #18, ⼑ (“knife”).

DescendantsEdit

Derived charactersEdit

ReferencesEdit

  • KangXi: page 135, character 24
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1845
  • Dae Jaweon: page 304, character 4
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 319, character 12
  • Unihan data for U+5200

ChineseEdit

simp. and trad.
 刀

Glyph originEdit

Historical forms of the character 刀
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Bamboo and silk script Large seal script Small seal script
         
Characters in the same phonetic series (刀) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
刀 *taːw
忉 *taːw
鱽 *taːw
舠 *taːw
朷 *taːw, *moːɡ
叨 *tuːw, *l̥ʰaːw
倒 *taːwʔ, *taːws
到 *taːws
菿 *taːws, *rtaːwɢ
鞀 *deːw
鳭 *rteːw, *teːw
灱 *hreːw
菬 *sdew, *tjewʔ
超 *tʰew
怊 *tʰew, *tʰjew
欩 *tʰew
召 *dews, *djews
昭 *tjew
招 *tjew
鉊 *tjew
沼 *tjewʔ
照 *tjews
詔 *tjews
炤 *tjews
弨 *tʰjew, *tʰjewʔ
眧 *tʰjewʔ
韶 *djew
佋 *djew, *djewʔ
軺 *djew, *lew
玿 *djew
柖 *djew
紹 *djewʔ
袑 *djewʔ
綤 *djewʔ
邵 *djews
劭 *djews
卲 *djews
刁 *teːw
芀 *teːw, *deːw
貂 *teːw
蛁 *teːw
迢 *deːw
苕 *deːw
髫 *deːw
岧 *deːw

Pictogram (象形)

PronunciationEdit

  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 刀
Mandarin Beijing /tɑu⁵⁵/
Harbin /tau⁴⁴/
Tianjin /tɑu²¹/
Jinan /tɔ²¹³/
Qingdao /tɔ²¹³/
Zhengzhou /tau²⁴/
Xi'an /tau²¹/
Xining /tɔ⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /tɔ⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /tɔ³¹/
Ürümqi /tɔ⁴⁴/
Wuhan /tau⁵⁵/
Chengdu /tau⁵⁵/
Guiyang /tao⁵⁵/
Kunming /tɔ⁴⁴/
Nanjing /tɔo³¹/
Hefei /tɔ²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /tau¹¹/
Pingyao /tɔ¹³/
Hohhot /tɔ³¹/
Wu Shanghai /tɔ⁵³/
Suzhou /tæ⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /tɔ³³/
Wenzhou /tɜ³³/
Hui Shexian /tɔ³¹/
Tunxi /tə¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /tau³³/
Xiangtan /taɯ³³/
Gan Nanchang /tɑu⁴²/
Hakka Meixian /tau⁴⁴/
Taoyuan /to²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /tou⁵³/
Nanning /tu⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /tou⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /to⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /to⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /tau⁵⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /to³³/
Haikou (Min Nan) /ʔdo²³/
Rime
Character 刀
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 端 (5)
Final (韻) 豪 (89)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 都勞切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /tɑu/
Pan
Wuyun		 /tɑu/
Shao
Rongfen		 /tɑu/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /taw/
Li
Rong		 /tɑu/
Wang
Li		 /tɑu/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /tɑu/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 dāo
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 刀
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 dāo
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ taw ›
Old
Chinese		 /*C.tˤaw/
English knife

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 刀
Reading # 1/1
No. 2108
Phonetic
component		 刀
Rime
group		 宵
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese		 /*taːw/

DefinitionsEdit

刀

  1. knife; blade (Classifier: 把 m c)
  2. single-edged sword; cutlass
  3. (slang) dollar (loanword)
  4. Classifier for sets of one hundred sheets of paper.

CompoundsEdit

Derived terms from 刀

DescendantsEdit

Sino-Xenic (刀):
  • Japanese: 刀 (とう) (tō)
  • Korean: 도 (刀, do)
  • Vietnamese: đao (刀)

Non-Sino-Xenic:

JapaneseEdit

 
Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja

KanjiEdit

刀

(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

ReadingsEdit

CompoundsEdit

Compounds with irregular readings of 刀

Etymology 1Edit

Kanji in this term
刀
かたな
Grade: 2
kun'yomi

Compound of 片 (kata, “one side”) +‎ 刃 (na, “edge”).[1][2]

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

刀 (hiragana かたな, rōmaji katana)

  1. (weaponry) a single-edged sword, such as a katana
  2. a small single-edged blade
SynonymsEdit
  • (small blade): 切れ物 (きれもの, ​kiremono)
Coordinate termsEdit
  • 脇差 (わきざし, ​wakizashi) traditional Japanese shortsword (30cm to 60cm)
  • 短刀 (たんとう, ​tantō) traditional Japanese knife or dagger (30cm and shorter)
  • 大小 (だいしょう, ​daishō): “big and small”: the katana and wakizashi as a set
Related termsEdit
  • (sword, two-edged): 剣 (つるぎ, ​tsurugi)
Derived termsEdit
Derived terms
IdiomsEdit
Idioms
  • 刀折れ矢尽きる (かたなおれやつきる, ​katana ore ya tsukiru): “swords bent, out of arrows” → completely routed, a complete loss in battle
  • 刀に懸けて (かたなにかけて, ​katana ni kakete): “[depending, swearing] on one's sword” → a metaphor for firm resolve to see something through
  • 刀の錆び (かたなのさび, ​katana no sabi): “sword rust” → a metaphor for killing someone or being killed, from the way that blood can cause the steel of a sword to rust; a derogatory term for someone who isn't even worth soiling a sword

Etymology 2Edit

Kanji in this term
刀
とう
Grade: 2
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 刀 (taw). Compare modern Mandarin 刀 (dāo).

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

刀 (hiragana とう, rōmaji tō, historical hiragana たう)

  1. a sword, a katana
  2. a scalpel, such as that used by a surgeon
  3. a kind of bronze or copper money in ancient China, shaped a bit like a sword
SynonymsEdit
  • (sword in general): 刀剣 (とうけん, ​tōken)
  • (scalpel): メス (​mesu)
  • (Chinese money): 刀銭, 刀泉 (とうせん, ​tōsen)
Derived termsEdit
Derived terms

Terms beginning with 刀:

Terms ending with 刀:

ReferencesEdit

  1. ^ 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
  2. ^ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13905-9

KoreanEdit

HanjaEdit

刀 • (do)

  • Eumhun:
    • Sound (hangeul): 도 (revised: do, McCune-Reischauer: to)
    • Name (hangeul): 칼
  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

VietnameseEdit

Han characterEdit

刀 (đao, dao, đeo)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

ReferencesEdit

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