許婚

Chinese

		to allow; to permit; to praise to allow; to permit; to praise; surname	to marry; marriage; wedding to marry; marriage; wedding; to take a wife
trad. (許婚)		許	婚
simp. (许婚)		许	婚

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): xǔhūn

(Zhuyin): ㄒㄩˇ ㄏㄨㄣ
Cantonese (Jyutping): heoi² fan¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xǔhūn
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄩˇ ㄏㄨㄣ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: syǔhun
  - Wade–Giles: hsü³-hun¹
  - Yale: syǔ-hwūn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sheuhuen
  - Palladius: сюйхунь (sjujxunʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕy²¹⁴⁻²¹ xu̯ən⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: heoi² fan¹
  - Yale: héui fān
  - Cantonese Pinyin: hoey² fan¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: hêu² fen¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɵy̯³⁵ fɐn⁵⁵/

Verb

許婚

(of a female) to accept the marriage proposal by a male

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
許	婚
いいなずけ
Grade: 5	Grade: S
jūbakoyomi

Alternative spellings
許嫁言名付

*/ipinaduke/ → /ifinad͡zuke/ → /iːnazuke/

The 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of classical verb 言い名付く (iinazuku), modern 言い名付ける (iinazukeru, “to betroth someone, to engage someone to be married, to take someone as a fiancé / fiancée”, literally “to name someone out loud”).^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]

The kanji compound is jukujikun (熟字訓), from Chinese 許婚／许婚 (xǔhūn).

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) いいなずけ [ìínázúké] (Heiban – [0])^[2]^[4]
IPA^(key): [iːna̠zɨᵝke̞]

Noun

許婚(いいなずけ) • (iinazuke) ^{←いひなづけ (ifinaduke)^?}

(historical) an arranged engagement, wherein both sets of parents promise that their children shall wed; generally arranged while the children are still young
(rare) a fiancée (female) or fiancé (male)
Synonyms: 婚約者 (kon'yakusha), (much more common) フィアンセ (fianse)

Verb

許婚(いいなずけ)する • (iinazuke suru) ^{←いひなづけ (ifinaduke)^?}suru (stem 許婚(いいなずけ)し (iinazuke shi), past 許婚(いいなずけ)した (iinazuke shita))

(historical) to arrange an engagement, whereby both sets of parents promise that their children shall wed; generally arranged while the children are still young

Conjugation

Conjugation of "許婚する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	許婚し	いいなずけし	īnazuke shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	許婚し	いいなずけし	īnazuke shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	許婚する	いいなずけする	īnazuke suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	許婚する	いいなずけする	īnazuke suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	許婚すれ	いいなずけすれ	īnazuke sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	許婚せよ¹ 許婚しろ²	いいなずけせよ¹ いいなずけしろ²	īnazuke seyo¹ īnazuke shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	許婚される	いいなずけされる	īnazuke sareru
Causative	許婚させる許婚さす	いいなずけさせるいいなずけさす	īnazuke saseru īnazuke sasu
Potential	許婚できる	いいなずけできる	īnazuke dekiru
Volitional	許婚しよう	いいなずけしよう	īnazuke shiyō
Negative	許婚しない	いいなずけしない	īnazuke shinai
Negative continuative	許婚せず	いいなずけせず	īnazuke sezu
Formal	許婚します	いいなずけします	īnazuke shimasu
Perfective	許婚した	いいなずけした	īnazuke shita
Conjunctive	許婚して	いいなずけして	īnazuke shite
Hypothetical conditional	許婚すれば	いいなずけすれば	īnazuke sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
許	婚
きょ Grade: 5	こん Grade: S
kan'on	on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 許婚 (MC xjoX xwon, “permitted; betrothed + bride; to get married (said of a woman)”).

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) きょこん [kyòkóń] (Heiban – [0])^[2]^[4]
IPA^(key): [kʲo̞kõ̞ɴ]

Noun

許(きょ)婚(こん) • (kyokon)

(rare) an engagement (to get married)
Synonym: (much more common) 婚約 (kon'yaku)
(rare) a fiancée (female) or fiancé (male)
Synonyms: 婚約者 (kon'yakusha), (much more common) フィアンセ (fianse)

Derived terms

許(きょ)婚(こん)者(しゃ) (kyokonsha) (rare)

Verb

許(きょ)婚(こん)する • (kyokon suru) suru (stem 許(きょ)婚(こん)し (kyokon shi), past 許(きょ)婚(こん)した (kyokon shita))

(rare) to get engaged (to get married)
Synonym: (much more common) 婚約 (kon'yaku)

Conjugation

Conjugation of "許婚する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	許婚し	きょこんし	kyokon shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	許婚し	きょこんし	kyokon shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	許婚する	きょこんする	kyokon suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	許婚する	きょこんする	kyokon suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	許婚すれ	きょこんすれ	kyokon sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	許婚せよ¹ 許婚しろ²	きょこんせよ¹ きょこんしろ²	kyokon seyo¹ kyokon shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	許婚される	きょこんされる	kyokon sareru
Causative	許婚させる許婚さす	きょこんさせるきょこんさす	kyokon saseru kyokon sasu
Potential	許婚できる	きょこんできる	kyokon dekiru
Volitional	許婚しよう	きょこんしよう	kyokon shiyō
Negative	許婚しない	きょこんしない	kyokon shinai
Negative continuative	許婚せず	きょこんせず	kyokon sezu
Formal	許婚します	きょこんします	kyokon shimasu
Perfective	許婚した	きょこんした	kyokon shita
Conjunctive	許婚して	きょこんして	kyokon shite
Hypothetical conditional	許婚すれば	きょこんすれば	kyokon sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

References

^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
↑ ^4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
許	婚

Noun

許婚 • (heohon) (hangeul 허혼)

Hanja form^? of 허혼 (“consent to marriage”).

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
許	婚

Noun

許婚

chữ Hán form of hứa hôn (“to engage, to betroth”).

[KDJ-1] Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

[DJR-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[DJS-3] Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN

[SMK5-4] 4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

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