wed

See also: Wed, we'd, and Wed.

English

Etymology

From Middle English wedden, weddien, from Old English weddian (“to pledge; wed”), from Proto-West Germanic *waddjōn, from Proto-Germanic *wadjōną (“to pledge”), from *wadją (“pledge”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *wedʰ- (“to pledge”).

Cognate with Scots wed, wod, wad (“to wed”), Saterland Frisian wädje (“to bet, wager”), West Frisian wedzje (“to bet, wager”), Low German and Dutch wedden (“to bet”), German wetten (“to bet”), Danish vædde (“to bet”), Swedish vädja (“to appeal”), Icelandic veðja (“to bet”); more distantly, to Sanskrit वधू (vadhū́, “bride”). Related also to gage, engage, and wage.

Pronunciation

• enPR: wĕdʹ, IPA^(key): /ˈwɛd/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɛd

Verb

wed (third-person singular simple present weds, present participle wedding, simple past and past participle wed or wedded)

1. (transitive) To perform the marriage ceremony for; to join in matrimony.

   The priest wed the couple.

   • 1667, John Milton, “Book VIII”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:

     And Adam, wedded to another Eve,
     Shall live with her.

2. (transitive) To take as one's spouse.

   She wed her first love.

   • 2017 September 27, David Browne, “Hugh Hefner, 'Playboy' Founder, Dead at 91”, in Rolling Stone:

     In 1989, he wed Playmate Kimberley Conrad, a marriage that ended in 2010. In 2013, he married his younger girlfriend, Crystal Harris, with whom he was still wed at the time of his death.

3. (intransitive) To take a spouse.
4. (reciprocal) To take each other as a spouse.

   They will wed in the summer.

   • 1886 October – 1887 January, H[enry] Rider Haggard, She: A History of Adventure, London: Longmans, Green, and Co., published 1887, →OCLC:

     On the rock above was an inscription in three words. Ayesha translated it. It was `Wedded in Death.' What was the life-story of these two, who, of a truth, were beautiful in their lives, and in their death were not divided?

5. (figuratively, transitive) To join or commit to, more or less permanently, as if in marriage.

   I'm not wedded to this proposal; suggest an alternative.

   • c. 1591–1595 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Romeo and Ivliet”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene iii]:

     Affliction is enamoured of thy parts, and thou art wedded to calamity.

   • 1664, John Tillotson, “Sermon I. The Wisdom of Being Religious. Job XXVIII. 28.”, in The Works of the Most Reverend Dr. John Tillotson, Late Lord Archbishop of Canterbury: […], 8th edition, London: […] T. Goodwin, B[enjamin] Tooke, and J. Pemberton, […]; J. Round […], and J[acob] Tonson] […], published 1720, →OCLC:

     Men are wedded to their lusts.

   • 1850, [Alfred, Lord Tennyson], “Canto XXIII”, in In Memoriam, London: Edward Moxon, […], →OCLC, page 39:

     […] When each by turns was guide to each,
     ⁠And Fancy light from Fancy caught,
     ⁠And Thought leapt out to wed with Thought,
     Ere Thought could wed itself with Speech: […]

   • 1962 April, “Death from Natural Causes?”, in Modern Railways, page 218:

     It will be a tragedy if further enterprises of this kind—for example, the one proposed between South Wales, Bristol and the South Coast via Salisbury—are now deferred until they, too, are realised too late to make an impact on a public that is too firmly wedded to the roads to be wooed back to the trains.

   • 2008, Bradley Simpson, Economists with Guns, page 72:

     […] the PPS paper proposed a political doctrine that wedded modernization theory to U.S. support for national security states […]

6. (figurative, intransitive) To take to oneself and support; to espouse.
   • 1702–1704, Edward [Hyde, 1st] Earl of Clarendon, “(please specify |book=I to XVI)”, in The History of the Rebellion and Civil Wars in England, Begun in the Year 1641. […], Oxford, Oxfordshire: Printed at the [Sheldonian] Theater, published 1707, →OCLC:

     They positively and concernedly wedded his cause.

7. (Northern England, Scotland) To wager, stake, bet, place a bet, make a wager.

   I'd wed my head on that.

Synonyms

• marry

Derived terms

• soon-to-wed

Translations

to perform the marriage ceremony for; to join in matrimony

• Arabic: تَزَوَّجَ (tazawwaja)
• Armenian: ամուսնացնել (hy) (amusnacʻnel)
• Bulgarian: бракосъчетавам (bg) (brakosǎčetavam)
• Burmese: မင်္ဂလာဆောင် (my) (mangga.lahcaung), လက်ထပ် (my) (lakhtap)
• Catalan: esposar (ca)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 結婚 / 结婚 (zh) (jiéhūn)

• Danish: vie (da)
• Finnish: vihkiä (avioliittoon)
• French: marier (fr)
• German: trauen (de), verheiraten (de), vermählen (de)
• Greek: παντρεύω (el) (pantrévo)
• Hungarian: összead (hu), összeesket (hu), esket (hu)
• Italian: sposare (it)
• Japanese: 結婚する (ja) (けっこんする, kekkon suru)
• Latin: maritō, nūbō
• Macedonian: венчава (venčava)
• Norwegian: vie (no), ektevie (formal, somewhat dated)
• Occitan: maridar (oc), casar (oc)
• Old English: ǣwnian
• Persian: پیوند (fa) (peyvand), ازدواج (fa) (ezdevâj), زناشویی (fa) (zanâšuyi)
• Portuguese: casar (pt)
• Russian: жени́ться (ru) (ženítʹsja), пожени́ться (ru) (poženítʹsja)
• Spanish: casar (es)
• Vietnamese: cưới (vi)

transitive: to take as one's spouse

• Bulgarian: омъжвам се (bg) (omǎžvam se), женя се (ženja se)
• Catalan: esposar (ca)
• Danish: ægte (da), gifte sig med
• Finnish: naida (fi), avioitua jonkun kanssa, mennä naimisiin jonkun kanssa, ottaa puolisokseen
• French: épouser (fr)
• German: heiraten (de), zur Frau nehmen (take a wife), zum Mann nehmen (take a husband)
• Greek: παντρεύομαι (el) (pantrévomai)
• Hungarian: (with a man) hozzámegy (hu), férjhez megy (hu), (with a woman) elvesz (hu), feleségül vesz (hu), (of a woman) feleségül megy
• Italian: sposare (it)
• Japanese: 結婚する (ja) (けっこんする, kekkon suru)
• Latin: maritō, nūbō
• Macedonian: жени (ženi) (take a wife), мажи (maži) (take a husband)
• Norwegian: ekte (no), gifte seg med
• Occitan: esposar
• Portuguese: casar com
• Romanian: căsători (ro), însura (ro), mărita (ro), cununa (ro)
• Russian: жени́ться на (ru) (ženítʹsja na) (+ prepositional case, take a wife), выходи́ть за́муж за pf (vyxodítʹ zámuž za) (+ accusative case, take a husband), вы́йти за́муж за (ru) pf (výjti zámuž za), (+ accusative case, take a husband), брать в жёны (bratʹ v žóny) (dated, take a wife), взять в жёны (vzjatʹ v žóny) (dated, take a husband)
• Spanish: casar (es)

intransitive: to take a spouse

• Armenian: ամուսնանալ (hy) (amusnanal)
• Danish: gifte sig
• Finnish: avioitua (fi), mennä naimisiin (fi)
• German: heiraten (de)
• Hungarian: házasodik (hu), megházasodik (hu), (with a woman) nősül (hu), megnősül (hu)
• Japanese: 結婚する (ja) (けっこんする, kekkon suru); (male's action) 娶る (めとる, metoru)
• Latin: nūbō, maritō,
• Macedonian: се венчава (se venčava), се мажи (se maži) (take a husband), се жени (se ženi) (take a wife)
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: gifte seg

• Portuguese: casar (pt)
• Russian: жени́ться (ru) (ženítʹsja) (take a wife), выходи́ть за́муж pf (vyxodítʹ zámuž), вы́йти за́муж (ru) pf (výjti zámuž) (take a husband)
• Spanish: casar (es) (pronominal)

reciprocal: to take each other as a spouse

• Hungarian: egybekel (hu), esküszik (hu), összeesküszik (hu), házasodik (hu), összeházasodik (hu), házasságot köt

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

• Dutch: ^{(please verify)} trouwen (nl)
• Esperanto: ^{(please verify)} edzigi, ^{(please verify)} geedzigi (male and female), ^{(please verify)} gejedzigi (two males), ^{(please verify)} edzinigi (two females)
• Indonesian: ^{(please verify)} menikahi (id), ^{(please verify)} menikah (id)

References

• The Dictionary of the Scots Language

Anagrams

• DEW, Dew, dew

Dutch

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɛt

Etymology 1

Verb

wed

1. inflection of wedden:
   1. first-person singular present indicative
   2. (in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative
   3. imperative

Etymology 2

From Middle Dutch wedde, from a byform of Proto-Germanic *wadą, whence wad. Closely related with Middle High German wete, wettin f (“drinking place, shallow pond”). The Dutch appears to require a neuter *wadją (though feminine use is also attested), the High German a feminine īn-stem *wadį̄.

Noun

wed n (plural wedden, diminutive wedje n)

1. ford, shallow river crossing
2. drinking place for animals

Synonyms

• (ford): voorde

Related terms

• wad
• waden

North Frisian

Alternative forms

• waase (Mooring)
• weet (Sylt)

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *witaną.

Pronunciation

• (Föhr-Amrum) IPA^(key): [vɛd]

Verb

wed

1. (Föhr-Amrum) to know

Usage notes

• The present conjugation of wed is highly irregular. Compare further kem, skel, wees, wel.

Conjugation

Conjugation of wed (Föhr-Amrum dialect)

infinitive I	wed
infinitive II	(tu) weden
past participle	wost
imperative singular	—
imperative plural	—
	present	past
1st singular	witj	wost
2nd singular	witjst	wost
3rd singular	witj	wost
plural	wed, witj	wost
	perfect	pluperfect
1st singular	haa wost	hed wost
2nd singular	heest wost	hedst wost
3rd singular	hee wost	hed wost
plural	haa wost	hed wost
	future (skel)	future (wel)
1st singular	skal wed	wal wed
2nd singular	skääl wed	wääl wed
3rd singular	skal wed	wal wed
plural	skel wed	wel wed

Scots

Noun

wed (plural weds)

1. Alternative form of wad (“pledge, security”)