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그극귺귻근귽귾 귿글긁긂긃긄긅 긆긇금급긊긋긌 긍긎긏긐긑긒긓 | |
규 ← | → 긔 |
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Korean
editEtymology
editFirst attested in the Hunminjeong'eum haerye (訓民正音解例 / 훈민정음해례), 1446, as Middle Korean 글〮 (Yale: kúl), presumably from Old Korean 文尸 (*KUl), a form attested in sixth-century personal names. Further back, the first element of one (pseudo-)Goguryeo place name in central Korea is written both as 斤尸 (*kul) and as Chinese 文 (“writing”).
Possibly derived from the Sino-Korean word 契 (계, gye), meaning "contract" or "written agreement." The phonological development may have followed the path: 契 (gye) > 결 (gyeol) > 걸 (geol) > 글 (geul), reflecting a semantic shift from "contract" or "writing" to "script" or "letter" in native Korean. This theory is supported by the usage of 書契 (서계, seogye), meaning "written characters" or "writing," in historical contexts. Compare Middle Korean forms and sound changes in native assimilation
Pronunciation
edit- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [kɯɭ]
Audio: (file)
- Phonetic hangul: [글]
Romanizations | |
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Revised Romanization? | geul |
Revised Romanization (translit.)? | geul |
McCune–Reischauer? | kŭl |
Yale Romanization? | kul |
- South Gyeongsang (Busan) pitch accent: 글의 / 글에 / 글까지
Syllables in red take high pitch. This word always takes high pitch and also heightens the next suffixed syllable.
Noun
edit글 • (geul)
- a piece of writing; a written work such as a book or article
- a letter in writing
- Synonym: 글자(글字)
- a writing system
- Synonym: 문자(文字) (munja)
- (possibly dated) letters, cultivation, knowledge
Derived terms
edit- 글귀 (geulgwi, “phrase of writing”)
- 글꼴 (geulkkol, “font”)
- 글말 (geulmal, “written language/tongue”)
- 글맛 (geulmat, “elegance in writing”)
- 글발 (geulbal, “talent in writing”)
- 글방 (geulbang, “academy (historical)”)
- 글쓰기 (geulsseugi, “writing”)
- 글쓴이 (geulsseuni, “author”)
- 글월 (geurwol, “writing (dated or literary)”)
- 글자 (geulja, “letter”)
- 글쟁이 (geuljaeng'i, “scribbler”)
- 글짓기 (geuljitgi, “writing”)
- 글하다 (geulhada, “to write (literary)”)
- 댓글 (daetgeul, “reply (Internet)”)
- 아랫글 (araetgeul, “what is written below”)
- 암글 (amgeul, “Korean alphabet (in historical contexts)”)
- 윗글 (witgeul, “what is written above”)
- 조선글 (Joseon'geul, “Korean alphabet (North Korea)”)
- 토막글 (tomakgeul)
- 한글 (Han'geul, “Korean alphabet (South Korea)”)
- 헛글 (heotgeul, “pointless writing”)
See also
editMiddle Korean
editPronunciation
editNoun
edit글〮 (kúl) (locative 그〮레〮 (kúl-éy))
Descendants
edit- Korean: 글 (geul)
- Character boxes with compositions
- Hangul Syllables block
- Hangul script characters
- Korean terms inherited from Middle Korean
- Korean terms derived from Middle Korean
- Native Korean words
- Korean terms inherited from Old Korean
- Korean terms derived from Old Korean
- Korean terms with audio pronunciation
- Korean terms with IPA pronunciation
- Korean terms with dialectal pitch accent marked
- Korean lemmas
- Korean nouns
- Korean terms with usage examples
- Korean terms with quotations
- Korean dated terms
- Middle Korean terms with IPA pronunciation
- Middle Korean lemmas
- Middle Korean nouns