-né
See also: né- and Appendix:Variations of "ne"
Czech edit
Pronunciation edit
Suffix edit
-né n (noun-forming suffix)
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- -né in Slovník afixů užívaných v češtině, 2017
Hungarian edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From the earlier né variant of nő (“woman”) or of its possessive form neje (“wife of”).[1]
Suffix edit
-né
Usage notes edit
- Final a changes to á:
- Kovács Béla + -né → Kovács Béláné (“Mrs. Béla Kovács”)
- Varga + -né → Vargáné (“Mrs. Varga”)
- Final e changes to é:
- Kovács Endre + -né → Kovács Endréné (“Mrs. Endre Kovács”)
- Fekete + -né → Feketéné (“Mrs. Fekete”)
- If the name ends in double -n, it requires a hyphen:
- Mann + -né → Mann-né (“Mrs. Mann”)[2]
- Having a neutral vowel, it usually does not affect the vowel harmony of the word when suffixed, normally retaining back-vowel conjugation after back-vowel words, e.g. Jánosnéval, Szabónéval (see also the declension in the entries of the derived common nouns, linked below). Changing to front-vowel suffixes only because of -né is not common.
Derived terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
Suffix edit
-né
- (personal suffix) Used to form the third-person singular present tense of verbs (conditional mood, definite conjugation).
- kér (“to ask, to request”) → Nem kérné, ha nem volna szüksége rá. ― He would not request it if he did not need it.
Usage notes edit
Conditional definite – personal endings
Person | Back vowel |
Front vowel | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
unrounded | rounded | |||
én | 1st person singular | -nám | -ném | |
after two consonants or a long vowel + t |
-anám | -eném | ||
te | 2nd person singular | -nád | -néd | |
after two consonants or a long vowel + t |
-anád | -enéd | ||
ő maga ön |
3rd person singular | -ná | -né | |
after two consonants or a long vowel + t |
-aná | -ené | ||
mi | 1st person plural | -nánk (archaic -nók) |
-nénk (archaic -nők) | |
after two consonants or a long vowel + t |
-anánk (archaic -anók) |
-enénk (archaic -enők) | ||
ti | 2nd person plural | -nátok | -nétek | |
after two consonants or a long vowel + t |
-anátok | -enétek | ||
ők maguk önök |
3rd person plural | -nák | -nék | |
after two consonants or a long vowel + t |
-anák | -enék | ||
See also: present-tense indefinite-object suffixes and second-person-object suffixes for informal addressing. |
- (personal suffix) Harmonic variants:
- -ná is added to most back-vowel verbs
- vár (“to wait, to expect”) → Az ember azt várná egy gyerektől, hogy tanuljon. ― One would expect from a child to study.
- -né is added to most front-vowel verbs
- kér (“to ask, to request”) → Nem kérné, ha nem volna szüksége rá. ― He would not request it if he did not need it.
- -aná is added to back-vowel verbs ending in two consonants or in a long vowel + t (exceptions áll, száll, varr, forr, lát)
- -ené is added to front-vowel verbs ending in two consonants or in a long vowel + t
- -ná is added to most back-vowel verbs
See also edit
References edit
- ^ -né in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
- ^ Section 93 in A magyar helyesírás szabályai, 12. kiadás (’The Rules of Hungarian Orthography, 12th edition’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2015. →ISBN