ő
See also: Appendix:Variations of "o"
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Hungarian Edit
Alternative forms Edit
- (early obsolete) o̗, (mid-obsolete, between the 16th–18th centuries) oͤ, (late obsolete, till the early 19th century) ö́ [1]
Pronunciation Edit
Etymology 1 Edit
From Proto-Finno-Ugric *se (“he, she, it”). Cognates include Southern Mansi tü, tüw-, Northern Mansi тав (taw, “he, she”), Finnish hän.[2]
Pronoun Edit
ő
- (personal) he, she (third-person singular, nominative form; usually omitted as redundant due to the verb suffix, except for emphasis or contrast)
- Ő hagyta itt. ― S/he left it here [it was left here by him/her, rather than by someone else].
- Optional (redundant) element used for emphasis in third-person possessive constructions, whether singular or plural, if the possessor is otherwise not explicit; normally preceded by the article az (“the”):
- construed with -a/-e/-ja/-je/-i/-ai/-ei/-jai/-jei (“his/her”): his or her
- az ő asztala (usually az asztala, rarely asztala) ― his/her table/desk
- az ő széke (usually a széke, rarely széke) ― his/her chair
- construed with -uk/-ük/-juk/-jük/-ik/-aik/-eik/-jaik/-jeik (“their”): their
- az ő asztaluk (usually az asztaluk, rarely asztaluk) ― their table/desk
- az ő székük (usually a székük, rarely székük) ― his/her chair
- construed with -a/-e/-ja/-je/-i/-ai/-ei/-jai/-jei (“his/her”): his or her
Declension Edit
Derived terms Edit
In all these forms, ő is optional and only serves for emphasis.
- őalatta, őáltala, őelőtte etc. (ő + a postposition with the third-person singular personal suffix; see Appendix:Hungarian postpositions)
- őneki, ővele, őhozzá etc. (ő + one of the declined forms listed in the chart above; see Appendix:Hungarian pronouns)
Etymology 2 Edit
Letter Edit
ő (lower case, upper case Ő)
- The twenty-seventh letter of the Hungarian alphabet, called ő and written in the Latin script.
Declension Edit
Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, front rounded harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | ő | ő-k |
accusative | ő-t | ő-ket |
dative | ő-nek | ő-knek |
instrumental | ő-vel | ő-kkel |
causal-final | ő-ért | ő-kért |
translative | ő-vé | ő-kké |
terminative | ő-ig | ő-kig |
essive-formal | ő-ként | ő-kként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | ő-ben | ő-kben |
superessive | ő-n | ő-kön |
adessive | ő-nél | ő-knél |
illative | ő-be | ő-kbe |
sublative | ő-re | ő-kre |
allative | ő-höz | ő-khöz |
elative | ő-ből | ő-kből |
delative | ő-ről | ő-kről |
ablative | ő-től | ő-ktől |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
ő-é | ő-ké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
ő-éi | ő-kéi |
Possessive forms of ő | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | ő-m | ő-im |
2nd person sing. | ő-d | ő-id |
3rd person sing. | ő-je | ő-i |
1st person plural | ő-nk | ő-ink |
2nd person plural | ő-tök | ő-itek |
3rd person plural | ő-jük | ő-ik |
See also Edit
- (Latin-script letters) betű; A a, Á á, B b, C c, Cs cs, D d, Dz dz, Dzs dzs, E e, É é, F f, G g, Gy gy, H h, I i, Í í, J j, K k, L l, Ly ly, M m, N n, Ny ny, O o, Ó ó, Ö ö, Ő ő, P p, R r, S s, Sz sz, T t, Ty ty, U u, Ú ú, Ü ü, Ű ű, V v, Z z, Zs zs. Only in the extended alphabet: Q q W w X x Y y. Commonly used: ch. Also defined: à ë. In surnames (selection): ä aa cz ds eé eö ew oe oó th ts ÿ.
References Edit
- ^ Kniezsa, István. A magyar helyesírás története (‘The History of Hungarian Orthography’). 2nd, revised edition. Budapest: Tankönyvkiadó, 1959.
- ^ Entry #919 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Research Institute for Linguistics, Hungary.
Further reading Edit
- (he/she): ő in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- (the sound and letter): ő in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN