-nik
EnglishEdit
EtymologyEdit
From the Slavic suffix represented by Russian -ник (-nik). This suffix experienced a surge in English coinages for nicknames and diminutives after the 1957 Soviet launch of the first Sputnik satellite. English usage is heavily influenced by Yiddish usage of ־ניק (-nik) and similar borrowed words (nogoodnik, nudnik, kibbutznik).
SuffixEdit
-nik
- Creates a nickname for a person who exemplifies, endorses, or is associated with the thing or quality specified (by the base form), often a particular ideology or preference.
Derived termsEdit
Further readingEdit
- Kabakchi, V. V.; Doyle, Charles Clay (Autumn 1990), “Of Sputniks, Beatniks, and Nogoodniks”, in American Speech[1], volume 65, issue 3, JSTOR 455919, pages 275-278
AnagramsEdit
BasqueEdit
Alternative formsEdit
ConjunctionEdit
-nik
- Negative polarity item used to form relative clauses, that
- Ez dut esan etorriko direnik. ― I didn't say that they'll come.
Usage notesEdit
The form taken by this clitic depends on the ending of the verbal form to which it is attached, see the usage notes at -n.
EstonianEdit
EtymologyEdit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.) Compare Ingrian -nikka, Latvian -nieks and Russian -ник (-nik).
SuffixEdit
-nik (genitive -niku, partitive -nikku)
- Forms occupational agent nouns. (non-productive)
DeclensionEdit
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | -nik | -nikud |
| accusative | -niku | -nikud |
| genitive | -niku | -nike -nikkude |
| partitive | -nikku | -nikke -nikkusid |
| illative | -nikku -nikusse |
-nikesse -nikkudesse |
| inessive | -nikus | -nikes -nikkudes |
| elative | -nikust | -nikest -nikkudest |
| allative | -nikule | -nikele -nikkudele |
| adessive | -nikul | -nikel -nikkudel |
| ablative | -nikult | -nikelt -nikkudelt |
| translative | -nikuks | -nikeks -nikkudeks |
| terminative | -nikuni | -nikeni -nikkudeni |
| essive | -nikuna | -nikena -nikkudena |
| abessive | -nikuta | -niketa -nikkudeta |
| comitative | -nikuga | -nikega -nikkudega |
Derived termsEdit
Lower SorbianEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Slavic *-nikъ.
PronunciationEdit
SuffixEdit
-nik m
- Forms masculine nouns referring to a performer of some action, sometimes a device; -er
DeclensionEdit
Animate nouns:
Inanimate nouns:
Derived termsEdit
Related termsEdit
- -nica f
OjibweEdit
NounEdit
-nik (plural -nikan, obligatorily possessed)
Derived termsEdit
- gichinik (“right hand”)
- ginik (“your arm”)
- ingodonik (“one arm; one armlength”)
- jiiskinikebizon (“bracelet; garter”)
- midaasonik (“ten arms; ten armlengths”)
- minikeyaab (“armband; bracelet”)
- ninik (“my arm”)
- onik (“his arm”)
Related termsEdit
ReferencesEdit
- The Ojibwe People's Dictionary https://ojibwe.lib.umn.edu/main-entry/ninik-nid
PolishEdit
EtymologyEdit
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-nikъ.
PronunciationEdit
SuffixEdit
-nik m
- Forms masculine nouns referring to a performer of some action, sometimes a device; -er
DeclensionEdit
Personal nouns:
Impersonal nouns:
Derived termsEdit
Related termsEdit
Further readingEdit
Serbo-CroatianEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Slavic *-nikъ, *-ьnikъ, itself originally by nominalization of adjectives in *-ьnъ with the suffix *-ikъ (whence -ik). The suffix originates from the Proto-Balto-Slavic period; compare with dialectal Lithuanian lauk-inykas (“peasant, farmer”) (from laũkas (“field”)) and Old Prussian lauk-inikis (“vassal”).
SuffixEdit
-nik (Cyrillic spelling -ник)
- Suffix appended to nominal stems to create a masculine noun, usually denoting a professional, performer, adherent, place, object, tool or a feature.
Derived termsEdit
Related termsEdit
ReferencesEdit
- Skok, Petar (1971) Etimologijski rječnik hrvatskoga ili srpskoga jezika (in Serbo-Croatian), volume I, Zagreb: JAZU, page 515