-nut
Finnish
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Finnic *-nut.
Suffix
edit-nut (front vowel harmony variant -nyt, linguistic notation -nUt)
- Used to form past active participle forms of verbs.
- Sadat sukset tehneenä tiedän, mistä puhun.
- Having made one hundred pairs of skis I know what I'm talking about.
- Sen tehneenä henkilönä hänen pitäisi tietää.
- As the person who made it, s/he should know.
- Used to form past indicative connegative forms of verbs.
- En ole tehnyt mitään.
- I have done nothing.
Usage notes
edit- (past active participle): Some inflected forms have specific uses:
- genitive singular: used with verbs of reporting or observing to refer to someone having done an action according to that report or observation.
- Hänen sanotaan tehneen sen.
- S/he was said to have done it.
- genitive singular: used with verbs of reporting or observing to refer to someone having done an action according to that report or observation.
- When attached to consonant stems, the preceding consonant may either
- if it is -l-, -r- or -s-, assimilate the -n-, as happens with verbs in the conjugation classes rohkaista (66), tulla (67), juosta (70) as well as the irregular verbs olla and seistä,
- or, if it is -t-, it will instead be assimilated, resulting in an ending -nnut, as happens with verbs in the conjugation classes valita (69), vanheta (72), salata (73), katketa (74) and selvitä (75).
- An alternative analysis is that this ending has the variants -ut and -nnut, and which ending is used depends on the verb's conjugation. -nut is used with the verbs that end in a long (doubled) -a / -ä, diphthong or in -da / -dä', i.e. the verbs of the following conjugation classes:
Declension
editInflection of -nut (Kotus type 47/kuollut, no gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
nominative | -nut | -neet | |
genitive | -neen | -neiden -neitten | |
partitive | -nutta | -neita | |
illative | -neeseen | -neisiin -neihin | |
singular | plural | ||
nominative | -nut | -neet | |
accusative | nom. | -nut | -neet |
gen. | -neen | ||
genitive | -neen | -neiden -neitten | |
partitive | -nutta | -neita | |
inessive | -neessa | -neissa | |
elative | -neesta | -neista | |
illative | -neeseen | -neisiin -neihin | |
adessive | -neella | -neilla | |
ablative | -neelta | -neilta | |
allative | -neelle | -neille | |
essive | -neena | -neina | |
translative | -neeksi | -neiksi | |
abessive | -neetta | -neitta | |
instructive | — | -nein | |
comitative | — | -neine |
Possessive forms of -nut (Kotus type 47/kuollut, no gradation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rare. Only used with substantive adjectives. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Ingrian
editPronunciation
editSuffix
edit-nut (front vowel variant -nyt)
- Alternative form of -nt
Usage notes
edit- After the consonants -l, -r, -s the initial -n- of the suffix is assimilated:
Declension
editDeclension of -nut (type 14/olt, no gradation, gemination) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | -nut | -nneet |
genitive | -nneen | -nnein |
partitive | -nutta | -nneita |
illative | -nneesse | -nneisse |
inessive | -nnees | -nneis |
elative | -nneest | -nneist |
allative | -nneelle | -nneille |
adessive | -nneel | -nneil |
ablative | -nneelt | -nneilt |
translative | -nneeks | -nneiks |
essive | -nneenna, -nneen | -nneinna, -nnein |
exessive1) | -nneent | -nneint |
1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive. |
Categories:
- Finnish terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Finnish terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Finnish lemmas
- Finnish suffixes
- Finnish inflectional suffixes
- Finnish adjective-forming suffixes
- Finnish terms with usage examples
- Finnish kuollut-type nominals
- Ingrian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ingrian lemmas
- Ingrian suffixes