olt
Alemannic GermanEdit
Alternative formsEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Old High German alt, from Proto-Germanic *aldaz. Cognate with German alt, Dutch oud, English old.
AdjectiveEdit
olt
ReferencesEdit
- “olt” in Patuzzi, Umberto, ed., (2013) Ünsarne Börtar [Our Words], Luserna, Italy: Comitato unitario delle linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien
BavarianEdit
Alternative formsEdit
- òlt (Sappada)
EtymologyEdit
From Middle High German alt, from Old High German alt, from Proto-Germanic *aldaz. Cognate with German alt, Dutch oud, English old, Gothic 𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌴𐌹𐍃 (alþeis).
AdjectiveEdit
olt
ReferencesEdit
- “olt” in Patuzzi, Umberto, ed., (2013) Ünsarne Börtar [Our Words], Luserna, Italy: Comitato unitario delle linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien
HungarianEdit
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From a variant of the same Proto-Finno-Ugric stem as alszik (“to sleep”) + -t (causative suffix).[1]
VerbEdit
olt
- (transitive, of fire) to extinguish, to put out
- (transitive, of light) to switch off
- (transitive, of thirst) to quench
- (transitive, of milk) to curdle
- Synonym: beolt
- (transitive) to slake (lime, compound of calcium)
- Synonym: beolt
- (transitive, slang) to roast, to criticize, to flame (for fun, maybe only on the speaker's side, maybe both)
ConjugationEdit
conjugation of olt
1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | oltok | oltasz | olt | oltunk | oltotok | oltanak |
Def. | oltom | oltod | oltja | oltjuk | oltjátok | oltják | ||
2nd-p. o. | oltalak | ― | ||||||
Past | Indef. | oltottam | oltottál | oltott | oltottunk | oltottatok | oltottak | |
Def. | oltottam | oltottad | oltotta | oltottuk | oltottátok | oltották | ||
2nd-p. o. | oltottalak | ― | ||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | oltanék | oltanál | oltana | oltanánk | oltanátok | oltanának |
Def. | oltanám | oltanád | oltaná | oltanánk | oltanátok | oltanák | ||
2nd-p. o. | oltanálak | ― | ||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | oltsak | olts or oltsál |
oltson | oltsunk | oltsatok | oltsanak |
Def. | oltsam | oltsd or oltsad |
oltsa | oltsuk | oltsátok | oltsák | ||
2nd-p. o. | oltsalak | ― | ||||||
Infinitive | oltani | oltanom | oltanod | oltania | oltanunk | oltanotok | oltaniuk | |
Other nonfinite verb forms |
Verbal noun | Present participle | Past participle | Future part. | Adverbial part. | Potential | ||
oltás | oltó | oltott | oltandó | oltva | olthat |
Derived termsEdit
(With verbal prefixes):
Etymology 2Edit
Of debated origin: [1]
- From Proto-Ugric *alɜ- (“to add/fasten to something, fit”).[2]
- Native development from the archaic avik (“to intrude”).
VerbEdit
olt
- (transitive, medicine) to inoculate, to vaccinate (by injection)
- Synonym: beolt
- (transitive) to graft
ConjugationEdit
conjugation of olt
1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | oltok | oltasz | olt | oltunk | oltotok | oltanak |
Def. | oltom | oltod | oltja | oltjuk | oltjátok | oltják | ||
2nd-p. o. | oltalak | ― | ||||||
Past | Indef. | oltottam | oltottál | oltott | oltottunk | oltottatok | oltottak | |
Def. | oltottam | oltottad | oltotta | oltottuk | oltottátok | oltották | ||
2nd-p. o. | oltottalak | ― | ||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | oltanék | oltanál | oltana | oltanánk | oltanátok | oltanának |
Def. | oltanám | oltanád | oltaná | oltanánk | oltanátok | oltanák | ||
2nd-p. o. | oltanálak | ― | ||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | oltsak | olts or oltsál |
oltson | oltsunk | oltsatok | oltsanak |
Def. | oltsam | oltsd or oltsad |
oltsa | oltsuk | oltsátok | oltsák | ||
2nd-p. o. | oltsalak | ― | ||||||
Infinitive | oltani | oltanom | oltanod | oltania | oltanunk | oltanotok | oltaniuk | |
Other nonfinite verb forms |
Verbal noun | Present participle | Past participle | Future part. | Adverbial part. | Potential | ||
oltás | oltó | oltott | oltandó | oltva | olthat |
Derived termsEdit
(With verbal prefixes):
ReferencesEdit
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Zaicz, Gábor. Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (’Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN
- ^ Entry #1721 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Research Institute for Linguistics, Hungary.
Further readingEdit
- (to extinguish): olt in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh: A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (’The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962.
- (to vaccinate): olt in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh: A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (’The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962.
IngrianEdit
PronunciationEdit
VerbEdit
olt
ReferencesEdit
- Vitalij Chernyavskij (2005) Ižoran keel (Ittseopastaja)[1]
Middle Low GermanEdit
EtymologyEdit
Cognate with English old, Dutch oud, German alt, West Frisian âld.
PronunciationEdit
- Stem vowel: ô²
- (originally) IPA(key): /ɔːlt/ or IPA(key): /ɔlt/
- While the combination /ld/ originally lengthened the vowel in Old Saxon, in several Middle Low German dialects it was treated like a geminate, or had actually become /lː/, and in turn shortened long vowels occurring before it. Further, the vowel was shortened before /lt/ from final obstruent devoicing. Dialects then often begun to apply the more common vowel length across all forms.
AdjectiveEdit
ôlt or olt (comparative ôlder or ö̂lder or êlder, superlative ôldest or ö̂ldest or êldest)
Alternative formsEdit
DeclensionEdit
Declension of olt
nominative | accusative | dative | genitive | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Strong declension | ||||
Masculine | ôlt | ôlden | ôldem(e) (ôldennote) | ôldes |
Neuter | ôlt | |||
Feminine | ôlde | ôlder(e) | ||
Plural | ôlde | ôlden | ôlder(e) | |
Weak declension | ||||
Masculine | ôlde | ôlden | ôlden | |
Neuter | ôlde | |||
Feminine | ôlden | |||
Plural | ôlden | |||
The longer forms become rarer in the course of the period. |