cept

See also: CEPT and 'cept

Latgalian

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *péktei. Cognates include Latvian cept and Lithuanian kepti.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈt͡sʲæpʲtʲ]
• Hyphenation: cept

Verb

cept (reflexive ceptīs)

1. (transitive) to fry

Conjugation

Positive conjugation of cept (type I verb)

infinitive	cept
supine	captu
verbal noun	cepšona
	indicative
	past	present	future
1st singular	cepu	capu	cepšu
2nd singular	cepi	cep	cepsi
3rd singular	cepe	cap	ceps
1st plural	cepem	capam	cepsim
2nd plural	cepet	capat	cepsit
3rd plural	cepe	cap	ceps
	subjunctive		imperative
1st singular	captum	singular	cep
2nd singular	ceptim captumi	plural	cepit
3rd singular	captu
1st plural	captumem	debitive	juocap
2nd plural	captumet	converb	capdams
3rd plural	captu
	participles
	past	present	future
active	ceps cepis	capūšs caps	—
passive	capts	capoms capom	—
oblique	ceps cepis	caps capūt	cepškys cepšūt

Negative conjugation of cept (type I verb)

infinitive	nacept
supine	nacaptu
verbal noun	nacepšona
	indicative
	past	present	future
1st singular	nacepu	nacapu	nacepšu
2nd singular	nacepi	nacep	nacepsi
3rd singular	nacepe	nacap	naceps
1st plural	nacepem	nacapam	nacepsim
2nd plural	nacepet	nacapat	nacepsit
3rd plural	nacepe	nacap	naceps
	subjunctive		imperative
1st singular	nacaptum	singular	nacep
2nd singular	naceptim nacaptumi	plural	nacepit
3rd singular	nacaptu
1st plural	nacaptumem	debitive	najuocap
2nd plural	nacaptumet	converb	nacapdams
3rd plural	nacaptu
	participles
	past	present	future
active	naceps nacepis	nacapūšs nacaps	—
passive	nacapts	nacapoms nacapom	—
oblique	naceps nacepis	nacaps nacapūt	nacepškys nacepšūt

References

• M. Bukšs, J. Placinskis (1973) Latgaļu volūdas gramatika un pareizraksteibas vōrdneica, Latgaļu izdevnīceiba, page 354

Latvian

Etymology

Traditionally derived from Proto-Baltic *pek- (metathesized to *kep-), from Proto-Indo-European *pekʷ- (“to roast, to cook”), from earlier *h₃-ép-kʷ-, *h₃p-ékʷ-. Karulis would rather see *pekʷ- as a metathesis of PIE date of a root *kep-, *kʷep- (“to smoke, to cook”), formed analogically from *tep- (“to be hot, to heat up”) on the model of *kel-, *tel- (“to build”). Cognates include Lithuanian kèpti, Old Church Slavonic пещи (pešti), пекѫ (pekǫ, 1 sg. pres.), Russian печь (pečʹ), пеку́ (pekú), Belarusian пекці́ (pjekcí), Ukrainian печи́ (pečý), пекти́ (pektý), Bulgarian пека́ (peká, 1st sg. pres.), Czech péci, Polish piec, Sanskrit पचति (pácati, “to roast, to bake, to cook, to boil”), Ancient Greek πέσσω (péssō, “to bake, to cook, to boil”) (from *pekʷye-), Latin coquō (“to cook, to roast, to dry”), Tocharian A, Tocharian B pāk- (“to cook, to boil”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [tsɛpt]

• Audio:

  (file)

Verb

cept (transitive, 1st conjugation, present cepu, cep, cep, past cepu)

1. to fry (to cook in hot fat, often one side and then the other)

   cept gaļas šķēles uz pannas ― to fry meat slices on a (frying) pan

   cept kotletes, pankūkas ― to fry meatballs, pancakes

   cepts speķis ― fried bacon

   ceptas olas ― fried eggs

   kundze pannā izkausēja krietnu margarīna piku un cepa līdaku ― the lady melted a big slab of butter on the pan and fried the pike (fish)

2. to roast, to broil, to grill, to bake (to cook, usually without fat, with heat coming equally from all sides)

   cept gaļu ― to roast meat

   cept maizi ― to bake bread

   cept šašliku, desiņas uz iesma ― to broil meat, sausages on a spit

   cept sacepumu cepeškrāsnī ― to bake a pie in the oven

   Oliņu tēvs darīja alu, un Oliņu māte cepa raušus ― Father Oliņš brewed beer, and mother Oliņa baked the cakes

   Mare pašlaik cepa iesmā uzdurtu gaļas gabalu ― Mare is now broiling a piece of meat on a spit

Conjugation

Conjugation of cept

	indicative (īstenības izteiksme)					imperative (pavēles izteiksme)
		present (tagadne)	past (pagātne)		future (nākotne)
1st person sg	es	cepu	cepu		cepšu	—
2nd person sg	tu	cep	cepi		cepsi	cep
3rd person sg	viņš, viņa	cep	cepa		ceps	lai cep
1st person pl	mēs	cepam	cepām		cepsim	cepsim
2nd person pl	jūs	cepat	cepāt		cepsiet, cepsit	cepiet
3rd person pl	viņi, viņas	cep	cepa		ceps	lai cep
renarrative (atstāstījuma izteiksme)				participles (divdabji)
present	cepot			present active 1 (adj.)		cepošs
past	esot cepis			present active 2 (adv.)		cepdams
future	cepšot			present active 3 (adv.)		cepot
imperative	lai cepot			present active 4 (obj.)		cepam
conditional (vēlējuma izteiksme)				past active		cepis
present	ceptu			present passive		cepams
past	būtu cepis			past passive		cepts
debitive (vajadzības izteiksme)				nominal forms
indicative	(būt) jācep			infinitive (nenoteiksme)		cept
conjunctive 1	esot jācep			negative infinitive		necept
conjunctive 2	jācepot			verbal noun		cepšana

Derived terms

prefixed verbs:

• apcept
• atcept
• iecept
• izcept
• nocept
• pacept
• pārcept
• piecept
• sacept
• uzcept

other derived terms:

• cepeškrāsns
• cepešpanna
• cepetis
• cepiens
• cepināt
• ceplis
• cepties
• ceptuve
• cepums

See also

• vārīt