consulo

Latin

Etymology

con- +‎ *sulo, a derivation of Proto-Indo-European *selh₁- (“to take, grab”). Compare with cōnsul and cōnsilium. Cognate with English sell, sale.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈkon.su.loː/, [ˈkõːs̠ʊɫ̪oː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈkon.su.lo/, [ˈkɔnsulo]

Verb

cōnsulō (present infinitive cōnsulere, perfect active cōnsuluī, supine cōnsultum); third conjugation

1. (transitive) to consult, seek counsel from, take counsel from

   Synonyms: cōnsultō, dēlīberō

   • 27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita 26.1:

     Cn. Fuluius Centumalus P. Sulpicius Galba consules cum idibus Martiis magistratum inissent, senatu in Capitolium uocato, de re publica, de administratione belli, de prouinciis exercitibusque patres consuluerunt.

     When the consuls Gnaeus Fulvius Centumalus and Publius Sulpicius Galba took up the magistracy on the Ides of March, they summoned the senate to the Capitoline Hill and consulted the senators on issues regarding the state, the handling of the war, the provinces and the armies.

2. to deliberate
3. (transitive, intransitive, followed by the accusative or with de) to reflect upon, deliberate over, think (something) over

   Synonyms: reflectō, ponderō, dēlīberō, putō, pendō, cōnsīderō, reputō, replicō, dubitō, cōnsultō, circumspiciō, videō, versō

4. to give thought to, have regard for
5. (transitive, followed by the dative) to look after the interests of, take care of (someone)

   Synonyms: cūrō, accūrō, prōcūrō, cū̆stōdiō, servō, videō, respiciō, colō, cōnsultō, caveō, serviō

   Legati ad eum venissent oratum ut sibi ignosceret suaeque vitae consuleret ― Ambassadors came to him to beg that he would pardon them and take care of their lives (Caesar, de Bello Gallico, VII, 12)

   ut suis fortunis consulat ― in order that he might take care of their properties (Caesar, de Bello Gallico, VII, 8)

6. (transitive, followed by the dative) to be mindful of, pay attention to (someone's safety, life; dignity, reputation, etc.)

Conjugation

Conjugation of cōnsulō (third conjugation)
indicative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	cōnsulō	cōnsulis	cōnsulit	cōnsulimus	cōnsulitis	cōnsulunt
	imperfect	cōnsulēbam	cōnsulēbās	cōnsulēbat	cōnsulēbāmus	cōnsulēbātis	cōnsulēbant
	future	cōnsulam	cōnsulēs	cōnsulet	cōnsulēmus	cōnsulētis	cōnsulent
	perfect	cōnsuluī	cōnsuluistī	cōnsuluit	cōnsuluimus	cōnsuluistis	cōnsuluērunt, cōnsuluēre
	pluperfect	cōnsulueram	cōnsuluerās	cōnsuluerat	cōnsuluerāmus	cōnsuluerātis	cōnsuluerant
	future perfect	cōnsuluerō	cōnsulueris	cōnsuluerit	cōnsuluerimus	cōnsulueritis	cōnsuluerint
passive	present	cōnsulor	cōnsuleris, cōnsulere	cōnsulitur	cōnsulimur	cōnsuliminī	cōnsuluntur
	imperfect	cōnsulēbar	cōnsulēbāris, cōnsulēbāre	cōnsulēbātur	cōnsulēbāmur	cōnsulēbāminī	cōnsulēbantur
	future	cōnsular	cōnsulēris, cōnsulēre	cōnsulētur	cōnsulēmur	cōnsulēminī	cōnsulentur
	perfect	cōnsultus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	cōnsultus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	cōnsultus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	cōnsulam	cōnsulās	cōnsulat	cōnsulāmus	cōnsulātis	cōnsulant
	imperfect	cōnsulerem	cōnsulerēs	cōnsuleret	cōnsulerēmus	cōnsulerētis	cōnsulerent
	perfect	cōnsuluerim	cōnsuluerīs	cōnsuluerit	cōnsuluerīmus	cōnsuluerītis	cōnsuluerint
	pluperfect	cōnsuluissem	cōnsuluissēs	cōnsuluisset	cōnsuluissēmus	cōnsuluissētis	cōnsuluissent
passive	present	cōnsular	cōnsulāris, cōnsulāre	cōnsulātur	cōnsulāmur	cōnsulāminī	cōnsulantur
	imperfect	cōnsulerer	cōnsulerēris, cōnsulerēre	cōnsulerētur	cōnsulerēmur	cōnsulerēminī	cōnsulerentur
	perfect	cōnsultus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	cōnsultus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	cōnsule	—	—	cōnsulite	—
	future	—	cōnsulitō	cōnsulitō	—	cōnsulitōte	cōnsuluntō
passive	present	—	cōnsulere	—	—	cōnsuliminī	—
	future	—	cōnsulitor	cōnsulitor	—	—	cōnsuluntor
non-finite forms		active			passive
		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		cōnsulere	cōnsuluisse	cōnsultūrum esse	cōnsulī	cōnsultum esse	cōnsultum īrī
participles		cōnsulēns	—	cōnsultūrus	—	cōnsultus	cōnsulendus, cōnsulundus
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		cōnsulendī	cōnsulendō	cōnsulendum	cōnsulendō	cōnsultum	cōnsultū

Derived terms

• cōnsultō
• cōnsultor
• cōnsultus

 

Descendants

• English: counsel

References

• Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 899
• “consulo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “consulo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• consulo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to take care of one's health: valetudini consulere, operam dare
    
  • to take measures for one's safety; to look after one's own interests: saluti suae consulere, prospicere
    
  • to take measures for one's safety; to look after one's own interests: suis rebus or sibi consulere
    
  • to look after, guard a person's interests, welfare: rationibus alicuius prospicere or consulere (opp. officere, obstare, adversari)
    
  • to have regard for one's good name: famae servire, consulere
    
  • to consult an oracle: oraculum consulere
    
  • to consult the Sibylline books: libros Sibyllinos adire, consulere, inspicere
    
  • to further the public interests: rei publicae rationibus or simply rei publicae consulere
    
  • to be careful of one's dignity: dignitati suae servire, consulere
    
  • to consult the senators on a matter: patres (senatum) consulere de aliqua re (Sall. Iug. 28)
    
  • to deal severely with a person: graviter consulere in aliquem (Liv. 8. 13)
    
  • (ambiguous) the augurs announce an unfavourable sign: augures obnuntiant (consuli) (Phil. 2. 33. 83)
    
  • (ambiguous) let the consuls take measures for the protection of the state: videant or dent operam consules, ne quid res publica detrimenti capiat (Catil. 1. 2. 4)
    
  • (ambiguous) to go to Cilicia as pro-consul: pro consule in Ciliciam proficisci