Wiktionary

idiom

See also: idiomatic, Idiom, and idióm
For Wiktionary's handling of idioms, see Wiktionary:Idioms

EnglishEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Middle French idiome, and its source, Late Latin idioma, from Ancient Greek ἰδίωμα (idíōma, “a peculiarity, property, a peculiar phraseology, idiom”), from ἰδιοῦσθαι (idioûsthai, “to make one's own, appropriate to oneself”), from ἴδιος (ídios, “one's own, pertaining to oneself, private, personal, peculiar, separate”).

PronunciationEdit

  • (UK) IPA(key): /ˈɪdi.əm/
  • Audio (GB)(file)
  • Audio (US)(file)
  • Rhymes: -ɪdi.əm

NounEdit

idiom (plural idioms or idiomata) (sometimes used uncountably)

 
Wikipedia Wikipedia
  2. A manner of speaking, a mode of expression peculiar to a language, person, or group of people.
    In English, idiom requires the indefinite article in a phrase such as "she's an engineer", whereas in Spanish, idiom forbids it.
    Some of the usage prescriptions improved clarity and were kept; others that yielded discordant violations of idiom were eventually revised.
    Synonyms: idiomaticness, idiomaticity
    2. (programming) A programming construct or phraseology that is characteristic of the language.
      • 2005, Magnus Lie Hetland, Beginning Python: From Novice to Professional, →ISBN, page 100:
        I have to use the same assignment and call to raw_input in two places. How can I avoid that? I can use the while True/break idiom: […]
  4. A language or language variety; specifically, a restricted dialect used in a given historical period, context etc.
    In the idiom of the day, they were sutlers, although today they'd probably be called vendors.
    • 2010, Christopher Hitchens, "The Other L-Word", Vanity Fair, 13 Jan 2010:
      Many parents and teachers have become irritated to the point of distraction at the way the weed-style growth of "like" has spread through the idiom of the young.
  6. An established phrasal expression whose meaning may not be deducible from the literal meanings of its component words.
    She often spoke in idioms, pining for salad days and complaining about pots calling the kettle black.
    • 2008, Patricia Hampl, “You’re History”, in Patricia Hampl and Elaine Tyler May (editors), Tell Me True: Memoir, History, and Writing a Life, Minnesota Historical Society, →ISBN, page 134:
      You’re history, we say […] . Surely it is an American idiom. Impossible to imagine a postwar European saying, “You’re history. . . . That’s history,” meaning fuhgeddaboudit, pal.
  8. An artistic style (for example, in art, architecture, or music); an instance of such a style.
    the idiom of the expressionists

SynonymsEdit

Derived termsEdit

Derived terms

Related termsEdit

TranslationsEdit

See alsoEdit

Further readingEdit

AnagramsEdit

CzechEdit

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): [ˈɪdɪjom]
  • Hyphenation: idiom

NounEdit

idiom m inan

  1. idiom (established expression whose meaning is not deducible from the literal meanings of its component words)
    • 1972, Nový orient:
      Před běžným „Nashledanou", které Peršané vyjadřují slovy „nechť je Bůh vaším opatrovníkem", dáme přednost idiomu „vaše laskavost nebo pozornost je (byla) nesmírná" nebo „nechť se vysoká laskavost nezmenší" ...
    • 1985, Studie a práce linguistické:
      Stejně málo významné byly pro IF pokusy přiblížit význam idiomů ve vágních pojmech přenesenosti, obraznosti, průhlednosti apod.
    • 1996, Časopis pro moderní filologii:
      Trochu konzervativní český uživatel Schemannova slovníku bude možná zpočátku postrádat u některých idiomů jejich vysvětlení, jak byl zvyklý kupříkladu z dosud (do r. 1993) nejobsažnějšího slovníku tohoto typu ...
    • 2005, Zdeněk Stříbrný, Proud času:
      Vyjádřil to pěkným anglickým idiomem „They have added insult to your injury“.
    • 2014, František Čermák, Jazyk a slovník. Vybrané lingvistické studie:
      U idiomů pak můžeme postulovat existenci především početných sekundárních symbolů (otevřená hlava), popř. ikonů (kamenný obličej), méně často však už sekundárních indexů (co do, kór když).

DeclensionEdit

Declension
singular plural
nominative idiom idiomy
genitive idiomu idiomů
dative idiomu idiomům
accusative idiom idiomy
vocative idiome idiomy
locative idiomu idiomech
instrumental idiomem idiomy

Further readingEdit

  • idiom in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
  • idiom in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989
  • idiom in Akademický slovník cizích slov, 1995, at prirucka.ujc.cas.cz
  • idiom in Nový encyklopedický slovník češtiny, czechency.org
  • Česká frazeologie, Naše řeč (1984)

IndonesianEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Dutch idioom.

NounEdit

idiom (first-person possessive idiomku, second-person possessive idiommu, third-person possessive idiomnya)

  1. idiom (idiomatic expression)
  2. idiom (artistic style)
  3. (rare, dated) idiom (language or language variety)

Further readingEdit

PolishEdit

 
Polish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia pl

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

idiom m inan

  1. idiom (idiomatic expression)
  2. idiom (artistic style)
  3. (rare, dated) idiom (language or language variety)

DeclensionEdit

Declension of idiom
singular plural
nominative idiom idiomy
genitive idiomu idiomów
dative idiomowi idiomom
accusative idiom idiomy
instrumental idiomem idiomami
locative idiomie idiomach
vocative idiomie idiomy

Further readingEdit

  • idiom in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • idiom in Polish dictionaries at PWN

RomanianEdit

EtymologyEdit

From French idiome.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

idiom n (plural idiomuri)

  1. idiom

DeclensionEdit

Declension of idiom
singular plural
indefinite articulation definite articulation indefinite articulation definite articulation
nominative/accusative (un) idiom idiomul (niște) idiomuri idiomurile
genitive/dative (unui) idiom idiomului (unor) idiomuri idiomurilor
vocative idiomule idiomurilor

Further readingEdit

Serbo-CroatianEdit

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): /idǐoːm/
  • Hyphenation: i‧di‧om

NounEdit

idìōm m (Cyrillic spelling идѝо̄м)

  1. idiom (idiomatic expression)
  2. idiom (artistic style)
  3. (linguistics) idiom (language or language variety)

DeclensionEdit

Declension of idiom
singular plural
nominative idìōm idiomi
genitive idióma idioma
dative idiomu idiomima
accusative idiom idiome
vocative idiome idiomi
locative idiomu idiomima
instrumental idiomom idiomima
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