interferir

Catalan

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin interferre, with normal change of conjugation to -ir.

Verb

interferir (first-person singular present interfereixo, first-person singular preterite interferí, past participle interferit)

1. (physics, of a wave, intransitive) to interfere (to overlap another wave)
2. (intransitive, reflexive) to interfere (to get involved or involve oneself, causing disturbance)

Conjugation

    Conjugation of interferir (third conjugation, with -eix-)

infinitive			interferir
gerund			interferint
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		interferit		interferida
		plural		interferits		interferides
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	interfereixo	interfereixes	interfereix	interferim	interferiu	interfereixen
	imperfect	interferia	interferies	interferia	interferíem	interferíeu	interferien
	future	interferiré	interferiràs	interferirà	interferirem	interferireu	interferiran
	preterite	interferí	interferires	interferí	interferírem	interferíreu	interferiren
	conditional	interferiria	interferiries	interferiria	interferiríem	interferiríeu	interferirien
subjunctive		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	interfereixi	interfereixis	interfereixi	interferim	interferiu	interfereixin
	imperfect	interferís	interferissis	interferís	interferíssim	interferíssiu	interferissin
imperative		—	tu	vostè	nosaltres	vosaltres vós	vostès
	affirmative	—	interfereix	interfereixi	interferim	interferiu	interfereixin
	negative (no)	—	no interfereixis	no interfereixi	no interferim	no interferiu	no interfereixin

Related terms

• interferència

Further reading

• “interferir” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “interferir”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
• “interferir” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “interferir” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Galician

Etymology

From Latin inter- + ferire.

Verb

interferir (first-person singular present interfiro, third-person singular present interfire, first-person singular preterite interferín, past participle interferido)
interferir (first-person singular present interfiro, third-person singular present interfere, first-person singular preterite interferim or interferi, past participle interferido, reintegrationist norm)

1. to interfere (to get involved or involve oneself, causing disturbance)

   Synonym: entremeterse

   Non quero interferir na túa vida.

   I don't want to interfere with your personal life.

2. (physics, of a wave) to interfere (to overlap another wave)

Conjugation

    Conjugation of interferir (e becomes i when stressed)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti)	Third-person (el / ela / Vde.)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / Vdes.)
Infinitive
Impersonal	interferir
Personal	interferir	interferires	interferir	interferirmos	interferirdes	interferiren
Gerund
	interferindo
Past participle
Masculine	interferido			interferidos
Feminine	interferida			interferidas
Indicative
Present	interfiro	interfires	interfire	interferimos	interferides	interfiren
Imperfect	interfería	interferías	interfería	interferiamos	interferiades	interferían
Preterite	interferín	interferiches	interferiu	interferimos	interferistes	interferiron
Pluperfect	interferira	interferiras	interferira	interferiramos	interferirades	interferiran
Future	interferirei	interferirás	interferirá	interferiremos	interferiredes	interferirán
Conditional	interferiría	interferirías	interferiría	interfeririamos	interfeririades	interferirían
Subjunctive
Present	interfira	interfiras	interfira	interfiramos	interfirades	interfiran
Imperfect	interferise	interferises	interferise	interferísemos	interferísedes	interferisen
Future	interferir	interferires	interferir	interferirmos	interferirdes	interferiren
Imperative
Affirmative		interfire	interfira	interfiramos	interferide	interfiran
Negative (non)		non interfiras	non interfira	non interfiramos	non interfirades	non interfiran

    Reintegrated conjugation of interferir (i-e alternation in present singular) (See Appendix:Reintegrationism)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti / tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	interferir
Personal	interferir	interferires	interferir	interferirmos	interferirdes	interferirem
Gerund
	interferindo
Past participle
Masculine	interferido			interferidos
Feminine	interferida			interferidas
Indicative
Present	interfiro	interferes	interfere	interferimos	interferides, interferis	interferem
Imperfect	interferia	interferias	interferia	interferíamos	interferíades, interferíeis, interferíais1	interferiam
Preterite	interferim, interferi	interferiste, interferiche1	interferiu	interferimos	interferistes	interferírom, interferiram
Pluperfect	interferira	interferiras	interferira	interferíramos	interferírades, interferíreis, interferírais1	interferiram
Future	interferirei	interferirás	interferirá	interferiremos	interferiredes, interferireis	interferirám, interferirão
Conditional	interferiria	interferirias	interferiria	interferiríamos	interferiríades, interferiríeis, interferiríais1	interfeririam
Subjunctive
Present	interfira	interfiras	interfira	interfiramos	interfirades, interfirais	interfiram
Imperfect	interferisse	interferisses	interferisse	interferíssemos	interferíssedes, interferísseis	interferissem
Future	interferir	interferires	interferir	interferirmos	interferirdes	interferirem
Imperative
Affirmative		interfere	interfira	interfiramos	interferide, interferi	interfiram
Negative (nom)		nom interfiras	nom interfira	nom interfiramos	nom interfirades, nom interfirais	nom interfiram

¹Less recommended.

Related terms

• interferencia
• interferente
• interferometría
• interferómetro

 

Further reading

• “interferir” in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega, Royal Galician Academy.
• “interferir” in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (2014).

Portuguese

Etymology

From Latin inter- + ferīre (“to strike”).

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ĩ.teʁ.feˈɾi(ʁ)/ [ĩ.teh.feˈɾi(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ĩ.teʁ.feˈɾi(ʁ)/ [ĩ.teh.feˈɾi(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /ĩ.teɾ.feˈɾi(ɾ)/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /ĩ.teʁ.feˈɾi(ʁ)/ [ĩ.teχ.feˈɾi(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /ĩ.teɻ.feˈɾi(ɻ)/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ĩ.tɨɾ.fɨˈɾiɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ĩ.tɨɾ.fɨˈɾiɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ĩ.tɨɾ.fɨˈɾi.ɾi/

• Hyphenation: in‧ter‧fe‧rir

Verb

interferir (first-person singular present interfiro, third-person singular present interfere, first-person singular preterite interferi, past participle interferido)

1. to interfere (to get involved or involve oneself, causing disturbance)

   Não quero interferir na tua vida pessoal.

   I don't want to interfere with your personal life.

2. (physics, of a wave) to interfere (to overlap another wave)

Conjugation

    Conjugation of interferir (i-e alternation in present singular) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	interferir
Personal	interferir	interferires	interferir	interferirmos	interferirdes	interferirem
Gerund
	interferindo
Past participle
Masculine	interferido			interferidos
Feminine	interferida			interferidas
Indicative
Present	interfiro	interferes	interfere	interferimos	interferis	interferem
Imperfect	interferia	interferias	interferia	interferíamos	interferíeis	interferiam
Preterite	interferi	interferiste	interferiu	interferimos	interferistes	interferiram
Pluperfect	interferira	interferiras	interferira	interferíramos	interferíreis	interferiram
Future	interferirei	interferirás	interferirá	interferiremos	interferireis	interferirão
Conditional	interferiria	interferirias	interferiria	interferiríamos	interferiríeis	interfeririam
Subjunctive
Present	interfira	interfiras	interfira	interfiramos	interfirais	interfiram
Imperfect	interferisse	interferisses	interferisse	interferíssemos	interferísseis	interferissem
Future	interferir	interferires	interferir	interferirmos	interferirdes	interferirem
Imperative
Affirmative		interfere	interfira	interfiramos	interferi	interfiram
Negative (não)		não interfiras	não interfira	não interfiramos	não interfirais	não interfiram

Related terms

• interferência
• interferencial
• interferente
• interferometria
• interferométrico
• interferómetro

 

References

• “interferir” in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa.
• “interferir” in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa. Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2024.

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /inteɾfeˈɾiɾ/ [ĩn̪.t̪eɾ.feˈɾiɾ]
• Rhymes: -iɾ
• Syllabification: in‧ter‧fe‧rir

Verb

interferir (first-person singular present interfiero, first-person singular preterite interferí, past participle interferido)

1. to interfere

Conjugation

    Conjugation of interferir (e-ie-i alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			interferir
gerund			interfiriendo
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		interferido		interferida
		plural		interferidos		interferidas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	interfiero	interfierestú interferísvos	interfiere	interferimos	interferís	interfieren
	imperfect	interfería	interferías	interfería	interferíamos	interferíais	interferían
	preterite	interferí	interferiste	interfirió	interferimos	interferisteis	interfirieron
	future	interferiré	interferirás	interferirá	interferiremos	interferiréis	interferirán
	conditional	interferiría	interferirías	interferiría	interferiríamos	interferiríais	interferirían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	interfiera	interfierastú interfirásvos2	interfiera	interfiramos	interfiráis	interfieran
	imperfect (ra)	interfiriera	interfirieras	interfiriera	interfiriéramos	interfirierais	interfirieran
	imperfect (se)	interfiriese	interfirieses	interfiriese	interfiriésemos	interfirieseis	interfiriesen
	future1	interfiriere	interfirieres	interfiriere	interfiriéremos	interfiriereis	interfirieren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		interfieretú interferívos	interfiera	interfiramos	interferid	interfieran
	negative		no interfieras	no interfiera	no interfiramos	no interfiráis	no interfieran

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of interferir (e-ie-i alternation)

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive interferir
	dative	interferirme	interferirte	interferirle, interferirse	interferirnos	interferiros	interferirles, interferirse
	accusative	interferirme	interferirte	interferirlo, interferirla, interferirse	interferirnos	interferiros	interferirlos, interferirlas, interferirse
with gerund interfiriendo
	dative	interfiriéndome	interfiriéndote	interfiriéndole, interfiriéndose	interfiriéndonos	interfiriéndoos	interfiriéndoles, interfiriéndose
	accusative	interfiriéndome	interfiriéndote	interfiriéndolo, interfiriéndola, interfiriéndose	interfiriéndonos	interfiriéndoos	interfiriéndolos, interfiriéndolas, interfiriéndose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative interfiere
	dative	interfiéreme	interfiérete	interfiérele	interfiérenos	not used	interfiéreles
	accusative	interfiéreme	interfiérete	interfiérelo, interfiérela	interfiérenos	not used	interfiérelos, interfiérelas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative interferí
	dative	interferime	interferite	interferile	interferinos	not used	interferiles
	accusative	interferime	interferite	interferilo, interferila	interferinos	not used	interferilos, interferilas
with formal second-person singular imperative interfiera
	dative	interfiérame	not used	interfiérale, interfiérase	interfiéranos	not used	interfiérales
	accusative	interfiérame	not used	interfiéralo, interfiérala, interfiérase	interfiéranos	not used	interfiéralos, interfiéralas
with first-person plural imperative interfiramos
	dative	not used	interfirámoste	interfirámosle	interfirámonos	interfirámoos	interfirámosles
	accusative	not used	interfirámoste	interfirámoslo, interfirámosla	interfirámonos	interfirámoos	interfirámoslos, interfirámoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative interferid
	dative	interferidme	not used	interferidle	interferidnos	interferíos	interferidles
	accusative	interferidme	not used	interferidlo, interferidla	interferidnos	interferíos	interferidlos, interferidlas
with formal second-person plural imperative interfieran
	dative	interfiéranme	not used	interfiéranle	interfiérannos	not used	interfiéranles, interfiéranse
	accusative	interfiéranme	not used	interfiéranlo, interfiéranla	interfiérannos	not used	interfiéranlos, interfiéranlas, interfiéranse

Related terms

• interferencia

 

Further reading

• “interferir”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014