ferio
Esperanto edit
Etymology edit
From Italian feria. Doublet of foiro.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
ferio (accusative singular ferion, plural ferioj, accusative plural feriojn)
- day off, holiday (day of vacation)
- banka ferio
- bank holiday
- (in the plural) vacation, holidays
- someraj ferioj
- summer vacation
Derived terms edit
See also edit
Latin edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Italic *ferjō, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerH- (“to pierce, strike”) through *bʰér-ye-ti perhaps with root-final laryngeal dropped in a prevocalic position;[1] the o-grade reflex is attested in forō. Cognate with Albanian bie (“to fall”), Old English ġebered (“crushed, kneaded”), English berry (“to beat, thrash”), Old Armenian բերան (beran), Ancient Greek φᾰ́ρος (pháros, “plough”), φαράω (pharáō).[2] More at berry.
Alternatively, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰer- (“to scrape, to cut”). Compare Middle Irish berna, Old High German berjan, Middle High German berjen, Old English bered, Avestan 𐬙𐬌𐬲𐬌𐬠𐬁𐬭𐬀 (tižibāra).
Verb edit
feriō (present infinitive ferīre, perfect active feriī, future participle ferītūrus); fourth conjugation, no supine stem except in the future active participle
- to hit, to strike, to smite, to beat, to knock, injure
- Synonyms: tango, percutio, pello, discutio, pulsō, tundō, accido, affligo, percello, impingo, ico, verbero, vulnerō, secō, noceō
- Feriri a serpente.
- To be stung by a snake.
- to cut, to thrust
- (with accusative) to kill by striking, to slay, to give a deathblow
- (money) to strike, to stamp, to coin
- Asses sextantario pondere ferire.
- To strike asses only the sixth part of a pound.
- moneyer; in the Roman Republic, the abbreviation III. VIR. AAAFF. or even III. VIR. A.P.F. (tresviri ad pecuniam feriundum) was written on the coins, but it stood for:
- Tresviri aere argento auro flando feriundo.
- Three men for striking and casting bronze, silver and copper coins.
- Tresviri aere argento auro flando feriundo.
- to make a deal or contract or compact, covenant, or treaty
- (figuratively) to strike, reach, affect
- 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 6.518:
- clāmor Aventīnī saxa propinqua ferit
- The cry strikes the nearby rocks of Aventine Hill.
(See: Aventine Hill.)
- The cry strikes the nearby rocks of Aventine Hill.
- clāmor Aventīnī saxa propinqua ferit
Usage notes edit
- Perfect and passive forms are rare. Perfect forms and perfect passive participle are usually supplied by its synonym, percutio. Sometimes ictus, the perfect passive participle of īcō, is used.
- The verb form feriunt (“they strike”) had the archaic spelling ferinunt.
Conjugation edit
Derived terms edit
- secūrī feriō (I behead)
- foedus feriō (I make a compact, covenant or treaty)
- amōrum turpissimōrum foedera feriō (I form illicit connections)
Descendants edit
- Aromanian: firescu, afirescu, firiri
- Asturian: firir
- Catalan: ferir
- Franco-Provençal: fèrir
- French: férir
- Friulian: ferî
- Galician: ferir
- Italian: ferire
- Leonese: ferire
- Occitan: ferir
- Piedmontese: ferì
- Portuguese: ferir
- Romanian: feri, ferire
- Sardinian: feríre, fèrrere, ferri, fèrriri
- Sicilian: firiri
- Spanish: herir, ferir
- Venetian: ferir
References edit
- “ferio”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “ferio”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- ferio in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
- to beat one's brow: frontem ferire, percutere
- to slaughter victims: victimas (oxen), hostias (smaller animals, especially sheep) immolare, securi ferire, caedere, mactare
- to execute a person, cut off his head: securi percutere, ferire aliquem
- to conclude a treaty, an alliance: foedus facere (cum aliquo), icere, ferire
- to beat one's brow: frontem ferire, percutere
- Dizionario Latino, Olivetti
- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 213
- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 1554-5
Spanish edit
Verb edit
ferio