FinnishEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Finnic *kerta (compare Estonian kord), borrowed from Proto-Baltic [Term?] (compare Old Prussian kērdā, Lithuanian kartas), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kert- (time) (compare Sanskrit सकृत् (sakṛt, once), from *sm̥-kŕ̥t). Possibly related to Erzya кирда (kirda, turn; habit, manner; party, feast), ламонь кирда (lamonʹ kirda, many times).

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): /ˈkertɑ/, [ˈke̞rt̪ɑ]
  • Rhymes: -ertɑ
  • Syllabification(key): ker‧ta

NounEdit

kerta

  1. time, occasion (particular instance or occurrence)
    See also kerran (once).
    Kun tapasin hänet ensimmäisen kerran, hänellä oli yllään vaaleanpunainen puku.
    When I met him for the first time he was wearing a pink suit.
    Täällä on joka kerta yhtä hauskaa.
    Every time it's equally fun to be here.
    Saat anteeksi poissaolosi, mutta tämä on viimeinen kerta.
    I'll excuse your absence, but this is the last time!
    Hän on valehdellut minulle kaksi kertaa.
    She has lied to me on two occasions.
  2. time (ratio of comparison)
    Koirasi on neljä kertaa niin painava kuin minun.
    Your dog is four times as heavy as mine.
  3. (mathematics, in partitive in the plural) times
    Kaksi kertaa kolme on kuusi.
    Two times three equals six.
    Yksi kertaa yksi on yksi.
    One times one equals one.
  4. (in partitive) by (of the orthogonal measurements of an area or body)
    viisi kertaa kymmenen metriäfive by ten metres
  5. (as modifier) one-off, one-time (occurring once, independent of any pattern)
    Hallitus väitti, että verotietojen nolo katoaminen oli kertatapaus.
    The government insisted that the embarrassing loss of the tax records was a one-off event.
  6. (as modifier) disposable
    kertavaippadisposable diaper
  7. layer
    Synonym: kerros
  8. (in some compounds) floor
    alakertalower floor
  9. nonce (one or single occasion, in the expression "for the nonce")
    Se kelpaa tämän kerran, mutta pidemmän päälle tarvitsemme paremman vastauksen.
    That will do for the nonce, but we'll need a better answer for the long term.

Usage notesEdit

  • -sti may be substituted with numbers larger than one when explaining how many times something has happened:
    Olen käynyt Japanissa kolme kertaa. / Olen käynyt Japanissa kolmesti.
    I have visited Japan three times.

DeclensionEdit

Inflection of kerta (Kotus type 9*K/kala, rt-rr gradation)
nominative kerta kerrat
genitive kerran kertojen
partitive kertaa kertoja
illative kertaan kertoihin
singular plural
nominative kerta kerrat
accusative nom. kerta kerrat
gen. kerran
genitive kerran kertojen
kertainrare
partitive kertaa kertoja
inessive kerrassa kerroissa
elative kerrasta kerroista
illative kertaan kertoihin
adessive kerralla kerroilla
ablative kerralta kerroilta
allative kerralle kerroille
essive kertana kertoina
translative kerraksi kerroiksi
instructive kerroin
abessive kerratta kerroitta
comitative kertoineen
Possessive forms of kerta (type kala)
possessor singular plural
1st person kertani kertamme
2nd person kertasi kertanne
3rd person kertansa

Derived termsEdit

CompoundsEdit

AdverbEdit

kerta

  1. (colloquial) Synonym of kerran (when, since)
    Ei sitten, jos et kerta uskalla.
    Fine then, if you don't dare.

AnagramsEdit

IngrianEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Finnic *kerta, from a Baltic language. Cognates include Finnish kerta and Estonian kord.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

kerta

  1. time, occasion
    • 1936, D. I. Efimov, Lukukirja: Inkeroisia alkușkouluja vart (ensimäine osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 9:
      Șura siin kuus ei yhtkää kertaa mööhästynt.
      That month Šura wasn't late even one time.

DeclensionEdit

Declension of kerta (type 3/kana, rt-rr gradation)
singular plural
nominative kerta kerrat
genitive kerran kertoin
partitive kertaa kertoja
illative kertaa kertoi
inessive kerraas kerrois
elative kerrast kerroist
allative kerralle kerroille
adessive kerraal kerroil
ablative kerralt kerroilt
translative kerraks kerroiks
essive kertanna, kertaan kertoinna, kertoin
exessive1) kertant kertoint
1) obsolete
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl)
**) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive.

Derived termsEdit

ReferencesEdit

  • V. I. Junus (1936) Iƶoran Keelen Grammatikka[1], Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 61
  • Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 155