kerven
Dutch
editEtymology
editFrom Middle Dutch kerven, from Old Dutch *kervan, from Proto-West Germanic *kerban, from Proto-Germanic *kerbaną.
Pronunciation
editVerb
editkerven
- (intransitive) To cut, gouge out
- (transitive) To carve (out); (cut a) notch
Inflection
editConjugation of kerven (weak) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | kerven | |||
past singular | kerfde | |||
past participle | gekerfd | |||
infinitive | kerven | |||
gerund | kerven n | |||
present tense | past tense | |||
1st person singular | kerf | kerfde | ||
2nd person sing. (jij) | kerft, kerf2 | kerfde | ||
2nd person sing. (u) | kerft | kerfde | ||
2nd person sing. (gij) | kerft | kerfde | ||
3rd person singular | kerft | kerfde | ||
plural | kerven | kerfden | ||
subjunctive sing.1 | kerve | kerfde | ||
subjunctive plur.1 | kerven | kerfden | ||
imperative sing. | kerf | |||
imperative plur.1 | kerft | |||
participles | kervend | gekerfd | ||
1) Archaic. 2) In case of inversion. |
Conjugation of kerven (strong class 3b) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | kerven | |||
past singular | korf | |||
past participle | gekorven | |||
infinitive | kerven | |||
gerund | kerven n | |||
present tense | past tense | |||
1st person singular | kerf | korf | ||
2nd person sing. (jij) | kerft, kerf2 | korf | ||
2nd person sing. (u) | kerft | korf | ||
2nd person sing. (gij) | kerft | korft | ||
3rd person singular | kerft | korf | ||
plural | kerven | korven | ||
subjunctive sing.1 | kerve | korve | ||
subjunctive plur.1 | kerven | korven | ||
imperative sing. | kerf | |||
imperative plur.1 | kerft | |||
participles | kervend | gekorven | ||
1) Archaic. 2) In case of inversion. |
Derived terms
editDescendants
edit- → Papiamentu: skèrf
Noun
editkerven
Anagrams
editMiddle Dutch
editEtymology
editFrom Old Dutch *kervan, from Proto-West Germanic *kerban, from Proto-Germanic *kerbaną.
Verb
editkerven
Inflection
editStrong class 3 | ||
---|---|---|
Infinitive | kerven | |
3rd sg. past | karf | |
3rd pl. past | korven | |
Past participle | gekorven | |
Infinitive | kerven | |
In genitive | kervens | |
In dative | kervene | |
Indicative | Present | Past |
1st singular | kerve | karf |
2nd singular | kerfs, kerves | korfs, korves |
3rd singular | kerft, kervet | karf |
1st plural | kerven | korven |
2nd plural | kerft, kervet | korft, korvet |
3rd plural | kerven | korven |
Subjunctive | Present | Past |
1st singular | kerve | korve |
2nd singular | kerfs, kerves | korves |
3rd singular | kerve | korve |
1st plural | kerven | korven |
2nd plural | kerft, kervet | korvet |
3rd plural | kerven | korven |
Imperative | Present | |
Singular | kerf, kerve | |
Plural | kerft, kervet | |
Present | Past | |
Participle | kervende | gekorven |
Descendants
edit- Dutch: kerven
Further reading
edit- Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “kerven”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN
Middle English
editAlternative forms
edit- carve, carven, cerven, karven, kerve, kirven, kyrvyn
- ceorfan, ceorfæn, keorven (Early Middle English)
Etymology
editFrom Old English ċeorfan, from Proto-West Germanic *kerban, from Proto-Germanic *kerbaną. The total depalatalization of most forms seems to have arisen from analogy to past plural curven and past participle corven.
Pronunciation
editVerb
editkerven
- To cut or stab; to slash as to cause cutting or stabbing:
- To carve; to carve into or in the likeness of.
- To divide or separate; to split up.
- To eliminate or destroy; to take away.
- To go across; to exist across.
Conjugation
editConjugation of kerven (strong class 3)
infinitive | (to) kerven, kerve | ||
---|---|---|---|
present tense | past tense | ||
1st-person singular | kerve | carf | |
2nd-person singular | kervest | curve, corve, carf | |
3rd-person singular | kerveth | carf | |
subjunctive singular | kerve | curve1, corve1 | |
imperative singular | — | ||
plural2 | kerven, kerve | curven, curve, corven, corve | |
imperative plural | kerveth, kerve | — | |
participles | kervynge, kervende | corven, corve, ycorven, ycorve |
1Replaced by the indicative in later Middle English.
2Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.
Related terms
editDescendants
editReferences
edit- “kerven, v.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-04-24.
Categories:
- Dutch terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Dutch terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gerbʰ-
- Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch
- Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch
- Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch
- Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch
- Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
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- Rhymes:Dutch/ɛrvən
- Rhymes:Dutch/ɛrvən/2 syllables
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- Middle Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch
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- Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
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- Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic
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- Middle English terms derived from Old English
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- Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
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- Rhymes:Middle English/ɛrvən
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- Middle English lemmas
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- enm:Surgery