krusts
Gothic
editRomanization
editkrusts
- Romanization of 𐌺𐍂𐌿𐍃𐍄𐍃
Latvian
editAlternative forms
edit- (dialectal form) krists
Etymology
editBorrowed from Old East Slavic крьстъ (krĭstŭ) (compare Russian крест (krest)) (from Old High German Christ (“Christ”)), which regularly yielded Latvian dialectal krists. The u of the standard Latvian form krusts, however, is not obviously explainable. There are several theories: contamination of Latin crux (“cross”) and Christus (words that Latvians would often hear in Latin in church), influence of Old East Slavic *кръстъ (*krŭstŭ), an earlier borrowing from Old Norse kross (with an open o which old Baltic dialects would have borrowed as u); or perhaps no borrowing (krusts might come from an old Proto-Indo-European word cognate with Latin crux).[1]
Noun
editkrusts m (1st declension)
- (historical, Ancient Rome) cross (wooden post with attached beam used to execute criminals by crucifixion)
- mirt pie krusta ― to die on the cross
- nāve pie krusta ― death on the cross
- (figuratively) suffering, hardship; nuisance (by implicit comparison with the crucifixion)
- katram savs krusts jānes ― each has his own cross to bear
- nedod dievs kādu krustu! ― may god not give such hardship (lit. cross)
- (Christianity) cross (main symbol of the Christian religion, in the shape of the instrument used to execute Jesus)
- koka, marmora, zelta krusts ― wooden, marmor, golden cross
- kapa krusts ― grave cross
- apzīmēt ar krustu, ar krusta zīmi ― to make the sign of the cross
- (pār)mest, (aiz)mest krustu ― to make (lit. throw) the sign of the cross
- cross ((non-religious) decoration in the shape of a cross)
- esmu apbalvots ar dzelzs krustu un citiem ordeņiem ― I was awarded the iron cross and other medals
- cross (symbol, ornament or decorative element, consisting of at least two lines that cross)
- ķeltu krusts ― the Celtic cross
- Maltas krusts ― the Maltese cross
- ugunskrusts, kāškrusts ― swastika (lit. fire cross, hook(ed) cross)
- cross (objects, elements that cross each other)
- krusta velve ― groin (lit. cross) vault
- (card games) clubs (one of the four suits of playing cards, marked with the symbol ♣)
- krusta astotnieks ― eight of clubs
Declension
editDeclension of krusts (1st declension)
singular (vienskaitlis) | plural (daudzskaitlis) | |
---|---|---|
nominative (nominatīvs) | krusts | krusti |
accusative (akuzatīvs) | krustu | krustus |
genitive (ģenitīvs) | krusta | krustu |
dative (datīvs) | krustam | krustiem |
instrumental (instrumentālis) | krustu | krustiem |
locative (lokatīvs) | krustā | krustos |
vocative (vokatīvs) | krust | krusti |
Derived terms
editRelated terms
editSee also
editSuits in Latvian · sugas (see also: kārts, spēļu kārts) (layout · text) | |||
---|---|---|---|
sirdis | kāravi | pīķi | krusti, kreiči |
References
edit- ^ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “krusts”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN
Categories:
- Latvian etymologies from LEV
- Gothic non-lemma forms
- Gothic romanizations
- Latvian terms borrowed from Old East Slavic
- Latvian terms derived from Old East Slavic
- Latvian lemmas
- Latvian nouns
- Latvian masculine nouns
- Latvian terms with historical senses
- lv:Ancient Rome
- Latvian terms with usage examples
- lv:Christianity
- lv:Card games
- Latvian first declension nouns
- lv:Symbols